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Zaawansowane Słownictwo do TOEFL - Politics
Tutaj nauczysz się kilku angielskich słów związanych z polityką, takich jak „eelection”, „coalition”, „bilateral” itp., które są potrzebne do egzaminu TOEFL.
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the fact or condition of being a candidate in an election
kandydataura, kandydat
related to voting, elections, or the process of choosing representatives through voting mechanisms
wyborczy, elektoralny
relating to a form of government where the legislature, known as parliament, has significant control over making laws and monitoring the government
parlamentarny, związany z parlamentem
relating to the United States Congress, which makes laws and oversees the government
kongresowy, dotyczący Kongresu
(in the US) a group of people who represent American citizens in all of the states and who formally cast votes to elect the president and vice president
kolegium elektorskie
a group of people in a specific area who elect a representative to a legislative position
okręg wyborczy, konstytucja
a ballot filled out and mailed in advance of an election by a voter who is not able to attend the polls
głosowanie korespondencyjne, karta do głosowania przez pocztę
the head of state in some countries, like Germany
kanclerz, kanclerzowa
the action of striving to bring about social or political reform, especially as a member of an organization with specific objectives
aktywizm, militaryzm
an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections
koalicja
the process by which all the people of a country have the opportunity to vote on a single political question
referendum
a formal ceremony at which a person is admitted to office
inauguracja, uroczystość inauguracji
a building in Washington DC where the Congress assembles
Kapitol
having no interest or involvement in politics
apolityczny, nieinteresujący się polityką
(of a country, region, etc.) the state of being independent and free from external control
autonomia
(of countries, organizations, regions, etc.) not governed by another force, and is in control of itself
autonomiczny, niezależny
the doctrine that separates the state from religious associations
sekularyzm, laicyzm
an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government
kapitalizm
the political belief that promotes personal freedom, democracy, gradual changes in society, and free trade
liberalizm
the practice of gaining total or partial political control over another country, exploiting its resources, and occupying it with settlers
kolonializm, kolonizacja
the political practice of only being concerned with one's home country and not getting involved in international affairs
izolacjonizm
a type of politics that purports to represent the opinions and desires of ordinary people in order to gain their support
populizm
an extreme right-wing political attitude or system characterized by a strong central government, aggressively promoting one's country or race above others, as well as prohibiting any opposition
faszyzm
a political system in which a small group of high-powered people control a country or organization
oligarchia
a social and land-owning system in medieval Europe in which people were granted land and protection by a nobleman in exchange, they had to fight and work for him
feudalizm
the belief in or pursuit of high principles, values, or ideals, often with a focus on the potential for perfection or improvement
idealiści, idealizacja
a politician who appeals to the desires and prejudices of ordinary people instead of valid arguments in order to gain support
demagog
an organization that consists of countries, parties, or businesses which have formed an alliance to help one another
konfederacja
the union of organizations, regions, countries, etc. to form a larger organization or government
federacja, związek
an overenthusiastic individual, especially one who is devoted to a radical political or religious cause
fanatyk, zagorzały
a strong feeling of love and pride for one's country, often associated with thinking that country is also superior to any other
nacjonalizm, patriotyzm
a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state
federalizm
a system in which one country controls or has influence over other countries, often by winning wars against them
imperializm
to make an attempt to persuade politicians to agree or disagree with a law being made or changed
lobbyować, wpływać na polityków
being politically neutral, unbiased, and not supporting any particular party
bezpartyjny, apolityczny
a large gathering of the public, especially those supporting a particular political idea or party
zgromadzenie, protest
an imaginary state or location where everything is perfect
utopia
