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Vocabulário Avançado para o TOEFL - Politics
Aqui você aprenderá algumas palavras em inglês sobre política, como "eleitoral", "coalizão", "bilateral" etc., necessárias para o exame TOEFL.
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the fact or condition of being a candidate in an election
candidatura
related to voting, elections, or the process of choosing representatives through voting mechanisms
eleitoral
relating to a form of government where the legislature, known as parliament, has significant control over making laws and monitoring the government
parlamentar
relating to the United States Congress, which makes laws and oversees the government
congressional
(in the US) a group of people who represent American citizens in all of the states and who formally cast votes to elect the president and vice president
colégio eleitoral
a group of people in a specific area who elect a representative to a legislative position
circoscrição
a ballot filled out and mailed in advance of an election by a voter who is not able to attend the polls
cédula de voto ausente
the action of striving to bring about social or political reform, especially as a member of an organization with specific objectives
ativismo
an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections
coalizão
the process by which all the people of a country have the opportunity to vote on a single political question
referendo
a formal ceremony at which a person is admitted to office
inauguração
(of a country, region, etc.) the state of being independent and free from external control
autonomia
(of countries, organizations, regions, etc.) not governed by another force, and is in control of itself
autônomo
the doctrine that separates the state from religious associations
secularismo
an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government
capitalismo
the political belief that promotes personal freedom, democracy, gradual changes in society, and free trade
liberalismo
the practice of gaining total or partial political control over another country, exploiting its resources, and occupying it with settlers
colonialismo
the political practice of only being concerned with one's home country and not getting involved in international affairs
isolacionismo
a type of politics that purports to represent the opinions and desires of ordinary people in order to gain their support
populismo
an extreme right-wing political attitude or system characterized by a strong central government, aggressively promoting one's country or race above others, as well as prohibiting any opposition
fascismo
a political system in which a small group of high-powered people control a country or organization
oligarquia
a social and land-owning system in medieval Europe in which people were granted land and protection by a nobleman in exchange, they had to fight and work for him
feudalismo
the belief in or pursuit of high principles, values, or ideals, often with a focus on the potential for perfection or improvement
idealismo
a politician who appeals to the desires and prejudices of ordinary people instead of valid arguments in order to gain support
demagogo
an organization that consists of countries, parties, or businesses which have formed an alliance to help one another
confederação
the union of organizations, regions, countries, etc. to form a larger organization or government
federação
an overenthusiastic individual, especially one who is devoted to a radical political or religious cause
fanático
a strong feeling of love and pride for one's country, often associated with thinking that country is also superior to any other
nacionalismo
a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state
federalismo
a system in which one country controls or has influence over other countries, often by winning wars against them
imperialismo
to make an attempt to persuade politicians to agree or disagree with a law being made or changed
fazer lobbying
being politically neutral, unbiased, and not supporting any particular party
não partidário
a large gathering of the public, especially those supporting a particular political idea or party
comício
