Розширений Словниковий Запас для TOEFL - Politics

the fact or condition of being a candidate in an election

кандидатура, кандидати

related to voting, elections, or the process of choosing representatives through voting mechanisms

виборчий, електоральний

relating to a form of government where the legislature, known as parliament, has significant control over making laws and monitoring the government

парламентський, законодавчий

relating to the United States Congress, which makes laws and oversees the government

конгресійний, стосовно Конгресу

(in the US) a group of people who represent American citizens in all of the states and who formally cast votes to elect the president and vice president

виборчий колегіум

a group of people in a specific area who elect a representative to a legislative position

виборчий округ, конституєнція

a ballot filled out and mailed in advance of an election by a voter who is not able to attend the polls

заочний бюлетень, поштова бюлетень

the head of state in some countries, like Germany

канцлер, канцлерка

the action of striving to bring about social or political reform, especially as a member of an organization with specific objectives

активізм, мілитанство

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

коаліція

the process by which all the people of a country have the opportunity to vote on a single political question

референдум

a formal ceremony at which a person is admitted to office

інаугурація, церемонія інаугурації

concerning two groups or countries

двосторонній, двостороння

a building in Washington DC where the Congress assembles

капітолій

having no interest or involvement in politics

аполітичний, байдужий до політики

(of a country, region, etc.) the state of being independent and free from external control

автономія

(of countries, organizations, regions, etc.) not governed by another force, and is in control of itself

автономний, незалежний

the doctrine that separates the state from religious associations

секуляризм, світськість

an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government

капіталізм

the political belief that promotes personal freedom, democracy, gradual changes in society, and free trade

лібералізм

the practice of gaining total or partial political control over another country, exploiting its resources, and occupying it with settlers

колоніалізм, колонізація

the political practice of only being concerned with one's home country and not getting involved in international affairs

ізоляціонізм

a type of politics that purports to represent the opinions and desires of ordinary people in order to gain their support

популізм

an extreme right-wing political attitude or system characterized by a strong central government, aggressively promoting one's country or race above others, as well as prohibiting any opposition

фашизм

a political system in which a small group of high-powered people control a country or organization

олігархія

a social and land-owning system in medieval Europe in which people were granted land and protection by a nobleman in exchange, they had to fight and work for him

феодалізм

the belief in or pursuit of high principles, values, or ideals, often with a focus on the potential for perfection or improvement

ідейність, ідеалізм

a politician who appeals to the desires and prejudices of ordinary people instead of valid arguments in order to gain support

демагог

an organization that consists of countries, parties, or businesses which have formed an alliance to help one another

конфедерація

the union of organizations, regions, countries, etc. to form a larger organization or government

федерація, союз

an overenthusiastic individual, especially one who is devoted to a radical political or religious cause

фанатик, радикал

a strong feeling of love and pride for one's country, often associated with thinking that country is also superior to any other

націоналізм, патріотизм

a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state

федералізм

a system in which one country controls or has influence over other countries, often by winning wars against them

імперіалізм

to make an attempt to persuade politicians to agree or disagree with a law being made or changed

лобіювати, впливати на політиків

being politically neutral, unbiased, and not supporting any particular party

непартійний, нейтральний

a large gathering of the public, especially those supporting a particular political idea or party

мітинг, зборище

an imaginary state or location where everything is perfect

утопія