pattern

Masulong na Bokabularyo para sa TOEFL - Politika

Dito matututo ka ng ilang salitang Ingles tungkol sa politika, tulad ng "electoral", "coalition", "bilateral", atbp. na kailangan para sa pagsusulit na TOEFL.

Repasuhin

Flashcards

Pagbaybay

Pagsusulit

Simulan ang pag-aaral
Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
candidacy
candidacy
[Pangngalan]

the state of being a candidate in an election

kandidatura, kandidatura

kandidatura, kandidatura

Ex: She announced her candidacy for mayor. 

Inanunsyo niya ang kanyang kandidatura para sa alkalde.

electoral
electoral
[pang-uri]

related to voting, elections, or the process of choosing representatives through voting mechanisms

elektoral, kaugnay ng halalan

elektoral, kaugnay ng halalan

Ex: The electoral system determines how representatives are chosen to serve in government. 
parliamentary
parliamentary
[pang-uri]

relating to a form of government where the legislature, known as parliament, has significant control over making laws and monitoring the government

parliyamentaryo, may kaugnayan sa parliyamento

parliyamentaryo, may kaugnayan sa parliyamento

Ex: The parliamentary system allows for the formation of a government based on the majority support in the legislature. 

Ang sistemang parlyamentaryo ay nagbibigay-daan sa pagbuo ng isang pamahalaan batay sa suporta ng mayorya sa lehislatura.

congressional
congressional
[pang-uri]

relating to the United States Congress, which makes laws and oversees the government

pang-kongreso, ng Kongreso

pang-kongreso, ng Kongreso

Ex: Congressional hearings investigate issues and propose legislation. 
electoral college
electoral college
[Pangngalan]

(in the US) a group of people who represent American citizens in all of the states and who formally cast votes to elect the president and vice president

kolehiyo elektoral, kapulungan ng mga elektor

kolehiyo elektoral, kapulungan ng mga elektor

constituency
constituency
[Pangngalan]

the people in a particular area who are represented by an elected member of a parliament or legislature

distrito,  konstituwente

distrito, konstituwente

Ex: The representative regularly meets with members of her constituency. 
absentee ballot
absentee ballot
[Pangngalan]

a vote sent by mail by someone who cannot go to the polling place

botong pang-absent, botong ipinadala sa koreo

botong pang-absent, botong ipinadala sa koreo

Ex: She requested an absentee ballot while studying abroad. 

Humiling siya ng absentee ballot habang nag-aaral sa ibang bansa.

chancellor
chancellor
[Pangngalan]

the head of government or state in some countries, responsible for leading the executive branch

kansilyer, kansilyer

kansilyer, kansilyer

Ex: She was elected as the country's chancellor. 
activism
activism
[Pangngalan]

the action of striving to bring about social or political reform, especially as a member of an organization with specific objectives

aktibismo, pakikibaka

aktibismo, pakikibaka

Ex: Her activism for environmental conservation has inspired many young people to join the cause. 

Ang kanyang aktibismo para sa konserbasyon ng kapaligiran ay nagbigay-inspirasyon sa maraming kabataan na sumali sa adhikain.

coalition
coalition
[Pangngalan]

an alliance of different groups, political parties, or countries formed to work together for a particular purpose

koalisyon,  alyansa

koalisyon, alyansa

Ex: The two parties formed a coalition after the election. 
referendum
referendum
[Pangngalan]

a public vote in which people in a country or area decide or express their opinion on an important political or social question

referendum,  plebisito

referendum, plebisito

Ex: The government announced a referendum on the proposed constitutional change. 
inauguration
inauguration
[Pangngalan]

a formal ceremony at which a person is admitted to office

inaugurasyon

inaugurasyon

Ex: The inauguration of the new president was attended by thousands of spectators gathered on the National Mall. 

Ang inauguration ng bagong presidente ay dinaluhan ng libu-libong manonood na nagtipon sa National Mall.

bilateral
bilateral
[pang-uri]

concerning two groups or countries

bilateral

bilateral

Ex: The two nations signed a bilateral trade agreement. 

Ang dalawang bansa ay pumirma ng isang bilateral na kasunduan sa kalakalan.

capitol
capitol
[Pangngalan]

a building in Washington DC where the Congress assembles

Kapitolyo, gusali ng Kapitolyo

Kapitolyo, gusali ng Kapitolyo

apolitical
apolitical
[pang-uri]

having no interest or involvement in politics

apolitikal, walang interes sa pulitika

apolitikal, walang interes sa pulitika

Ex: The art gallery aimed to be an apolitical space, encouraging visitors to appreciate artistic expression without bringing political views into the conversation. 

Ang art gallery ay naglalayong maging isang apolitical na espasyo, hinihikayat ang mga bisita na pahalagahan ang artistikong ekspresyon nang hindi dinadala ang mga pananaw na pampulitika sa usapan.

autonomy
autonomy
[Pangngalan]

the freedom of a country, region, or organization to govern itself independently

autonomiya,  pagsasarili

autonomiya, pagsasarili

Ex: The region was granted greater autonomy over local affairs. 
autonomous
autonomous
[pang-uri]

(of countries, organizations, regions, etc.) not governed by another force, and is in control of itself

awtonomo, malaya

awtonomo, malaya

Ex: The region was granted autonomous status, allowing it to make its own political and economic decisions. 

Ang rehiyon ay binigyan ng awtonomong katayuan, na nagpapahintulot dito na gumawa ng sarili nitong mga desisyon sa politika at ekonomiya.

secularism
secularism
[Pangngalan]

the doctrine that separates the state from religious associations

sekularismo, paghiwalay ng simbahan at estado

sekularismo, paghiwalay ng simbahan at estado

Ex: Secularism is a core principle in the country's constitution. 

Ang sekularismo ay isang pangunahing prinsipyo sa saligang-batas ng bansa.

capitalism
capitalism
[Pangngalan]

an economic system in which property and businesses are primarily privately owned and operated for profit

kapitalismo

kapitalismo

Ex: The country's economy combines capitalism with extensive public services. 
liberalism
liberalism
[Pangngalan]

the political belief that promotes personal freedom, democracy, gradual changes in society, and free trade

liberalismo, ang doktrinang liberal

liberalismo, ang doktrinang liberal

Ex: Liberalism emphasizes the importance of individual rights and freedoms, advocating for a society where people can express their views openly. 

Binibigyang-diin ng liberalismo ang kahalagahan ng mga karapatan at kalayaan ng indibidwal, na nagtataguyod ng isang lipunan kung saan maaaring ipahayag ng mga tao ang kanilang mga pananaw nang bukas.

colonialism
colonialism
[Pangngalan]

the practice or policy of a nation controlling or ruling over foreign territories, often exploiting them economically and politically

kolonyalismo, patakarang kolonyal

kolonyalismo, patakarang kolonyal

Ex: The country's history is marked by centuries of colonialism. 

Ang kasaysayan ng bansa ay minarkahan ng mga siglo ng kolonyalismo.

isolationism
isolationism
[Pangngalan]

the political practice of only being concerned with one's home country and not getting involved in international affairs

isolasyonismo

isolasyonismo

Ex: The country adopted a policy of isolationism to avoid foreign conflicts. 

Ang bansa ay nagpatibay ng patakaran ng isolasyonismo upang maiwasan ang mga dayuhang hidwaan.

populism
populism
[Pangngalan]

a type of politics that purports to represent the opinions and desires of ordinary people in order to gain their support

populismo, demagohiya

populismo, demagohiya

Ex: Populism in politics refers to a movement or approach that seeks to represent the interests and voices of ordinary people, often positioning itself against established elites or institutions. 

Ang populismo sa politika ay tumutukoy sa isang kilusan o pamamaraan na naglalayong kumatawan sa mga interes at boses ng ordinaryong tao, kadalasang naglalagay ng sarili laban sa itinatag na elite o institusyon.

fascism
fascism
[Pangngalan]

an extreme right-wing political attitude or system characterized by a strong central government, aggressively promoting one's country or race above others, as well as prohibiting any opposition

pasismo

pasismo

Ex: Fascism rose to prominence in Europe during the early 20th century, leading to the establishment of totalitarian regimes. 

Ang pasismo ay umangat sa Europa noong unang bahagi ng ika-20 siglo, na nagdulot ng pagtatatag ng mga totalitaryanong rehimen.

oligarchy
oligarchy
[Pangngalan]

a political system in which a small group of high-powered people control a country or organization

oligarkiya, pamumuno ng isang maliit na grupo

oligarkiya, pamumuno ng isang maliit na grupo

Ex: An oligarchy is a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a small group of individuals or families. 

Ang oligarkiya ay isang anyo ng pamahalaan kung saan ang kapangyarihan ay nakapokus sa isang maliit na grupo ng mga indibidwal o pamilya.

feudalism
feudalism
[Pangngalan]

a social and land-owning system in medieval Europe in which people were granted land and protection by a nobleman in exchange, they had to fight and work for him

pyudalismo, sistemang pyudal

pyudalismo, sistemang pyudal

Ex: Feudalism structured medieval society into distinct classes with lords and vassals. 

Ang pyudalismo ay nag-ayos ng medyebal na lipunan sa magkakaibang mga uri na may mga panginoon at basalyos.

idealism
idealism
[Pangngalan]

the belief in or pursuit of high principles, values, or ideals, often with a focus on the potential for perfection or improvement

idealismo

idealismo

Ex: His idealism led him to work for social change in his community. 

Ang kanyang idealismo ang nagtulak sa kanya upang magtrabaho para sa pagbabago sa lipunan sa kanyang komunidad.

demagogue
demagogue
[Pangngalan]

a politician who appeals to the desires and prejudices of ordinary people instead of valid arguments in order to gain support

demagogo, manggugulo

demagogo, manggugulo

Ex: The demagogue stirred up emotions and exploited fears to gain support for his political agenda. 

Ang demagogue ay nagpukaw ng mga emosyon at nag-exploit ng mga takot upang makakuha ng suporta para sa kanyang political agenda.

confederation
confederation
[Pangngalan]

a union or league of political entities or organizations, often for common purposes

konpederasyon, alyansa

konpederasyon, alyansa

Ex: Historical confederations often arose for mutual defense. 

Ang mga makasaysayang konpederasyon ay madalas na umusbong para sa magkasanib na depensa.

federation
federation
[Pangngalan]

the act or process of joining separate organizations, regions, or other bodies to form a larger federation

pederasyon,  pagsasama

pederasyon, pagsasama

Ex: The federation of the two associations created a much larger organization. 
fanatic
fanatic
[Pangngalan]

an overenthusiastic individual, especially one who is devoted to a radical political or religious cause

panatiko, radikal

panatiko, radikal

Ex: The protest was peaceful until a group of fanatics began shouting radical slogans. 

Ang protesta ay mapayapa hanggang sa ang isang grupo ng mga fanatico ay nagsimulang sumigaw ng mga radikal na slogan.

nationalism
nationalism
[Pangngalan]

strong pride in one's country and belief in its importance or superiority

nasyonalismo, pagkamakabayan

nasyonalismo, pagkamakabayan

Ex: Nationalism increased in many European countries before World War I. 
federalism
federalism
[Pangngalan]

a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state

pederalismo

pederalismo

Ex: Federalism allows for a division of powers between the national government and state governments, promoting a balance of authority. 

Ang pederalismo ay nagbibigay-daan sa paghahati ng mga kapangyarihan sa pagitan ng pambansang pamahalaan at mga pamahalaan ng estado, na nagtataguyod ng balanse ng awtoridad.

imperialism
imperialism
[Pangngalan]

a system in which one country controls or has influence over other countries, often by winning wars against them

imperyalismo, kolonyalismo

imperyalismo, kolonyalismo

Ex: The rise of imperialism in the 19th century led to the expansion of European empires. 

Ang pagtaas ng imperyalismo noong ika-19 na siglo ay nagdulot ng pagpapalawak ng mga imperyo sa Europa.

to lobby
to lobby
[Pandiwa]

to try to persuade politicians or officials to support or oppose a particular policy, law, or action

Ex: Local residents lobbied the council to reject the development plan. 
nonpartisan
nonpartisan
[pang-uri]

not supporting any political party and remaining neutral in political matters

walang kinikilingan, neutral

walang kinikilingan, neutral

Ex: The committee is nonpartisan. 

Ang komite ay hindi partidista.

rally
rally
[Pangngalan]

a large public gathering held to show support for a cause, opinion, or group

rally,  pagtitipon

rally, pagtitipon

Ex: Thousands of people attended the rally in the city center. 
utopia
utopia
[Pangngalan]

an imaginary state or location where everything is perfect

utopia, imahinasyong paraiso

utopia, imahinasyong paraiso

Ex: They dreamed of creating a utopia where everyone lived in harmony. 

Nangarap silang lumikha ng isang utopia kung saan ang lahat ay namumuhay nang maayos.

LanGeek
I-download ang app ng LanGeek