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المفردات المتقدمة لاختبار TOEFL - Politics

هنا سوف تتعلم بعض الكلمات الإنجليزية حول السياسة، مثل "Electoral"، و"coalition"، و"biliteral"، وما إلى ذلك، اللازمة لامتحان TOEFL.

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بطاقات الفلاش

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الهجاء

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
candidacy

the fact or condition of being a candidate in an election

ترشح

ترشح

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[اسم]
electoral

related to voting, elections, or the process of choosing representatives through voting mechanisms

انتخابي

انتخابي

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[صفة]
parliamentary

relating to a form of government where the legislature, known as parliament, has significant control over making laws and monitoring the government

برلماني

برلماني

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[صفة]
congressional

relating to the United States Congress, which makes laws and oversees the government

كونغرسى

كونغرسى

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[صفة]
electoral college

(in the US) a group of people who represent American citizens in all of the states and who formally cast votes to elect the president and vice president

الهيئة الانتخابية

الهيئة الانتخابية

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[اسم]
constituency

a group of people in a specific area who elect a representative to a legislative position

دائرة انتخابية

دائرة انتخابية

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[اسم]
absentee ballot

a ballot filled out and mailed in advance of an election by a voter who is not able to attend the polls

بطاقة اقتراع غائبة

بطاقة اقتراع غائبة

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[اسم]
chancellor

the head of state in some countries, like Germany

مستشار

مستشار

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[اسم]
activism

the action of striving to bring about social or political reform, especially as a member of an organization with specific objectives

نشاط

نشاط

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[اسم]
coalition

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

تحالف

تحالف

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[اسم]
referendum

the process by which all the people of a country have the opportunity to vote on a single political question

استفتاء

استفتاء

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[اسم]
inauguration

a formal ceremony at which a person is admitted to office

تنصيب

تنصيب

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[اسم]
bilateral

concerning two groups or countries

ثنائي

ثنائي

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[صفة]
capitol

a building in Washington DC where the Congress assembles

الكابيتول

الكابيتول

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[اسم]
apolitical

having no interest or involvement in politics

غير سياسي

غير سياسي

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[صفة]
autonomy

(of a country, region, etc.) the state of being independent and free from external control

استقلالية

استقلالية

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[اسم]
autonomous

(of countries, organizations, regions, etc.) not governed by another force, and is in control of itself

ذاتي الحكم

ذاتي الحكم

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[صفة]
secularism

the doctrine that separates the state from religious associations

العلمانية

العلمانية

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[اسم]
capitalism

an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government

الرأسمالية

الرأسمالية

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[اسم]
liberalism

the political belief that promotes personal freedom, democracy, gradual changes in society, and free trade

الليبرالية

الليبرالية

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[اسم]
colonialism

the practice of gaining total or partial political control over another country, exploiting its resources, and occupying it with settlers

الاستعمار

الاستعمار

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[اسم]
isolationism

the political practice of only being concerned with one's home country and not getting involved in international affairs

العزلة السياسية

العزلة السياسية

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[اسم]
populism

a type of politics that purports to represent the opinions and desires of ordinary people in order to gain their support

الشعبوية

الشعبوية

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[اسم]
fascism

an extreme right-wing political attitude or system characterized by a strong central government, aggressively promoting one's country or race above others, as well as prohibiting any opposition

فاشية

فاشية

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[اسم]
oligarchy

a political system in which a small group of high-powered people control a country or organization

أوليغاركية

أوليغاركية

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[اسم]
feudalism

a social and land-owning system in medieval Europe in which people were granted land and protection by a nobleman in exchange, they had to fight and work for him

النظام الإقطاعي

النظام الإقطاعي

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[اسم]
idealism

the belief in or pursuit of high principles, values, or ideals, often with a focus on the potential for perfection or improvement

مثالية

مثالية

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[اسم]
demagogue

a politician who appeals to the desires and prejudices of ordinary people instead of valid arguments in order to gain support

ديماغوجية

ديماغوجية

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[اسم]
confederation

an organization that consists of countries, parties, or businesses which have formed an alliance to help one another

اتحاد

اتحاد

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[اسم]
federation

the union of organizations, regions, countries, etc. to form a larger organization or government

الاتحاد

الاتحاد

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[اسم]
fanatic

an overenthusiastic individual, especially one who is devoted to a radical political or religious cause

متطرف

متطرف

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[اسم]
nationalism

a strong feeling of love and pride for one's country, often associated with thinking that country is also superior to any other

القومية

القومية

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[اسم]
federalism

a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state

الفيدرالية

الفيدرالية

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[اسم]
imperialism

a system in which one country controls or has influence over other countries, often by winning wars against them

الإمبريالية

الإمبريالية

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[اسم]
to lobby

to make an attempt to persuade politicians to agree or disagree with a law being made or changed

الضغط على

الضغط على

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[فعل]
nonpartisan

being politically neutral, unbiased, and not supporting any particular party

غير حزبي

غير حزبي

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[صفة]
rally

a large gathering of the public, especially those supporting a particular political idea or party

تجمع

تجمع

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[اسم]
utopia

an imaginary state or location where everything is perfect

يوتوبيا

يوتوبيا

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[اسم]
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