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托福高级词汇 - Politics

在这里你将学习一些托福考试所需的有关政治的英语单词,例如“electoral”、“coalition”、“bilingual”等。

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
candidacy

the fact or condition of being a candidate in an election

候选资格

候选资格

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electoral

related to voting, elections, or the process of choosing representatives through voting mechanisms

选举的

选举的

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parliamentary

relating to a form of government where the legislature, known as parliament, has significant control over making laws and monitoring the government

议会的

议会的

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congressional

relating to the United States Congress, which makes laws and oversees the government

国会的

国会的

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electoral college

(in the US) a group of people who represent American citizens in all of the states and who formally cast votes to elect the president and vice president

选举人团

选举人团

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constituency

a group of people in a specific area who elect a representative to a legislative position

选区

选区

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absentee ballot

a ballot filled out and mailed in advance of an election by a voter who is not able to attend the polls

缺席投票

缺席投票

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chancellor

the head of state in some countries, like Germany

总理

总理

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activism

the action of striving to bring about social or political reform, especially as a member of an organization with specific objectives

激进主义

激进主义

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coalition

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

联盟

联盟

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referendum

the process by which all the people of a country have the opportunity to vote on a single political question

公投

公投

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inauguration

a formal ceremony at which a person is admitted to office

就职典礼

就职典礼

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bilateral

concerning two groups or countries

双边的

双边的

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capitol

a building in Washington DC where the Congress assembles

国会大厦

国会大厦

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apolitical

having no interest or involvement in politics

非政治性的

非政治性的

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autonomy

(of a country, region, etc.) the state of being independent and free from external control

自主权

自主权

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autonomous

(of countries, organizations, regions, etc.) not governed by another force, and is in control of itself

自治的

自治的

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secularism

the doctrine that separates the state from religious associations

世俗主义

世俗主义

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capitalism

an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government

资本主义

资本主义

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liberalism

the political belief that promotes personal freedom, democracy, gradual changes in society, and free trade

自由主义

自由主义

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colonialism

the practice of gaining total or partial political control over another country, exploiting its resources, and occupying it with settlers

殖民主义

殖民主义

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isolationism

the political practice of only being concerned with one's home country and not getting involved in international affairs

孤立主义

孤立主义

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populism

a type of politics that purports to represent the opinions and desires of ordinary people in order to gain their support

民粹主义

民粹主义

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fascism

an extreme right-wing political attitude or system characterized by a strong central government, aggressively promoting one's country or race above others, as well as prohibiting any opposition

法西斯主义

法西斯主义

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oligarchy

a political system in which a small group of high-powered people control a country or organization

寡头政治

寡头政治

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feudalism

a social and land-owning system in medieval Europe in which people were granted land and protection by a nobleman in exchange, they had to fight and work for him

封建主义

封建主义

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idealism

the belief in or pursuit of high principles, values, or ideals, often with a focus on the potential for perfection or improvement

理想主义

理想主义

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demagogue

a politician who appeals to the desires and prejudices of ordinary people instead of valid arguments in order to gain support

煽动者

煽动者

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confederation

an organization that consists of countries, parties, or businesses which have formed an alliance to help one another

联邦

联邦

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federation

the union of organizations, regions, countries, etc. to form a larger organization or government

联邦

联邦

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fanatic

an overenthusiastic individual, especially one who is devoted to a radical political or religious cause

狂热者

狂热者

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nationalism

a strong feeling of love and pride for one's country, often associated with thinking that country is also superior to any other

民族主义

民族主义

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federalism

a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state

联邦主义

联邦主义

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imperialism

a system in which one country controls or has influence over other countries, often by winning wars against them

帝国主义

帝国主义

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to lobby

to make an attempt to persuade politicians to agree or disagree with a law being made or changed

游说

游说

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nonpartisan

being politically neutral, unbiased, and not supporting any particular party

无党派的

无党派的

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rally

a large gathering of the public, especially those supporting a particular political idea or party

集会

集会

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utopia

an imaginary state or location where everything is perfect

乌托邦

乌托邦

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