托福高级词汇 - Politics

在这里,您将学习一些关于政治的英语单词,如“选举的”、“联盟”、“双边的”等,这些是TOEFL考试所需要的。

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托福高级词汇
electoral [形容词]
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选举的

Ex: Electoral campaigns involve candidates reaching out to voters to gain support .

选举活动涉及候选人接触选民以获得支持。

parliamentary [形容词]
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议会的

Ex: Parliamentary debates play a crucial role in shaping government policies and decisions .

议会辩论在塑造政府政策和决策方面起着至关重要的作用。

congressional [形容词]
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国会的

Ex: The congressional session typically lasts for two years .

国会会议通常持续两年。

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选区

Ex: The constituency voiced strong support for the proposed legislation .

选区对提议的立法表示了强烈支持。

activism [名词]
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行动主义

Ex: Activism played a crucial role in the civil rights movement , leading to significant legislative changes .

行动主义在民权运动中发挥了关键作用,导致了重大的立法变化。

coalition [名词]
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联盟

Ex: During the crisis , a coalition of nations came together to provide humanitarian aid to the affected region .

在危机期间,一个联盟的国家聚集在一起向受影响地区提供人道主义援助。

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就职典礼

Ex: The mayor 's inauguration ceremony took place in the city hall , where they were sworn into office by a judge .

市长的就职典礼在市政厅举行,由法官宣誓就职。

bilateral [形容词]
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双边的

Ex: They held a bilateral meeting to discuss the new policy .

他们举行了一次双边会议来讨论新政策。

apolitical [形容词]
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不关心政治的

Ex: Despite working in the political realm , Jane remained apolitical , focusing solely on humanitarian efforts rather than aligning with any party .

尽管在政治领域工作,简仍然不关心政治,只专注于人道主义努力,而不是与任何政党结盟。

autonomy [名词]
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自治

Ex:

自治允许地方政府做出最适合其居民的决定。

autonomous [形容词]
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自治的

Ex: The university operates as an autonomous institution , managing its own affairs independently of the government .

该大学作为一所自治机构运作,独立于政府管理自己的事务。

secularism [名词]
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世俗主义

Ex: The debate centered on whether secularism should influence public education .

辩论集中在世俗主义是否应该影响公共教育。

capitalism [名词]
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资本主义

Ex:

美国经常被引用为一个主要实行资本主义经济制度的国家的例子。

liberalism [名词]
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自由主义

Ex: The principles of liberalism support democratic governance , ensuring that power is distributed and checked through free and fair elections .

自由主义的原则支持民主治理,确保通过自由和公平的选举分配和制衡权力。

colonialism [名词]
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殖民主义

Ex: Colonialism often led to the suppression of local cultures .

殖民主义常常导致当地文化的压制。

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孤立主义

Ex: Critics argued that isolationism would hinder the nation 's global influence .

批评者认为孤立主义会阻碍国家的全球影响力。

populism [名词]
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民粹主义

Ex: Leaders who embrace populism frequently use rhetoric that emphasizes the dichotomy between " the people " and " the elite , " promising to return power to the common citizen .

接受民粹主义的领导人经常使用强调“人民”与“精英”之间对立的言辞,承诺将权力归还给普通公民。

fascism [名词]
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法西斯主义

Ex: The novel explores the impact of fascism on individual freedoms and the society at large .

小说探讨了法西斯主义对个人自由和整个社会的影响。

oligarchy [名词]
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寡头政治

Ex: The country 's political system evolved into an oligarchy , with a wealthy elite controlling key decision-making processes .

该国的政治制度演变成了寡头政治,由富裕的精英控制着关键的决策过程。

feudalism [名词]
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封建制度

Ex: Under feudalism , peasants worked the land in exchange for protection from local lords .

封建制度下,农民耕种土地以换取当地领主的保护。

idealism [名词]
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理想主义

Ex: Idealism can sometimes conflict with the harsh realities of life .

理想主义有时会与生活的残酷现实发生冲突。

demagogue [名词]
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煽动者

Ex: History is filled with examples of demagogues who manipulated the masses through charismatic speeches and appeals to populism .

历史上充满了通过魅力演讲和诉诸民粹主义来操纵群众的煽动者的例子。

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a union or league of political entities or organizations, often for common purposes

Ex: Historical confederations often arose for mutual defense .
fanatic [名词]
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狂热分子

Ex:

由于她对邪教教义坚定不移的信仰,她被贴上了狂热分子的标签。

federalism [名词]
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联邦制

Ex: The United States Constitution established a system of federalism to ensure that no single entity held too much power .

美国宪法确立了一个联邦制系统,以确保没有任何单一实体掌握过多权力。

imperialism [名词]
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帝国主义

Ex: Many historians view the colonization of Africa as a prime example of imperialism .

许多历史学家将非洲的殖民视为帝国主义的一个典型例子。

to lobby [动词]
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游说

Ex: He spent years lobbying for healthcare reform , meeting with legislators and presenting data .

他花了数年时间为医疗改革游说,与立法者会面并展示数据。

rally [名词]
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集会

Ex: The protest rally in the city center was organized to demand action on climate change .

市中心举行的抗议集会是为了要求对气候变化采取行动。

utopia [名词]
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乌托邦

Ex: The novel described a utopia with no conflict or poverty .

这部小说描述了一个没有冲突或贫困的乌托邦