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Listă de Cuvinte Nivel B2 - Lumea Științei

Aici vei învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză despre lumea științei, cum ar fi "biochimie", "biologic", "bacterii" etc., pregătite pentru cursanții de nivel B2.

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CEFR B2 Vocabulary
biochemistry
biochemistry
[substantiv]

a field of science that deals with the chemistry of organisms

biochimie

biochimie

Ex: Enzymes, which are proteins that speed up chemical reactions, are a key focus in biochemistry. 
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biological
biological
[adjectiv]

relating to the science that explores living organisms and their functions

biologic

biologic

Ex: Biological research investigates the genetic makeup of different species. 
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artificial
artificial
[adjectiv]

made by humans rather than occurring naturally in nature

artificial, sintetic

artificial, sintetic

Ex: Artificial sweeteners are used as sugar substitutes in many food and beverage products. 
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bacteria
bacteria
[substantiv]

(microbiology) single-celled microorganisms that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms, and can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

bacterii

bacterii

Ex: Bacteria play a crucial role in the decomposition of organic matter in the ecosystem. 
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being
being
[substantiv]

a living thing, such as a tree, human, animal, etc.

ființă, creatură

ființă, creatură

Ex: Every being plays a role in its ecosystem, contributing to the balance of nature. 
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cycle
cycle
[substantiv]

(biology) a series of transformations and events that happen in an animal or plant's lifetime

ciclu, perioadă

ciclu, perioadă

Ex: The water cycle describes how water moves through the environment in different forms. 
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DNA
DNA
[substantiv]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

ADN, acidul dezoxiribonucleic

ADN, acidul dezoxiribonucleic

Ex: DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, contains the genetic instructions for living organisms. 
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genetics
genetics
[substantiv]

the branch of biology that deals with how individual features and different characteristics are passed through genes

genetică

genetică

Ex: Understanding genetics helps scientists explore how diseases are passed through families. 
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to evolve
to evolve
[verb]

(biology) to change gradually and over generations into forms that are better adapted to the environment and fitter to survive

evolua, se transforma

evolua, se transforma

Ex: Over millions of years, horses have evolved from small, multi-toed ancestors to the single-toed, large-bodied animals we see today. 
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compound
compound
[substantiv]

(chemistry) a substance that its molecules consist of two or more elements that are held together by a chemical bond

compus, amestec

compus, amestec

Ex: Water is a compound made of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. 
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element
element
[substantiv]

a substance that is composed of only one type of atom, typically characterized by specific physical and chemical properties

element, component

element, component

Ex: Oxygen is an essential element for human respiration. 
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matter
matter
[substantiv]

a physical substance that occupies space and exists in every material in the universe

materie, substanță

materie, substanță

Ex: All objects, whether solid, liquid, or gas, are made of matter. 
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mineral
mineral
[substantiv]

a solid, naturally occurring substance with a specific chemical composition, typically found in the earth's crust, such as gold, copper, etc.

mineral

mineral

Ex: Quartz is a common mineral found in many types of rocks. 
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molecule
molecule
[substantiv]

the smallest structure of a substance consisting of a group of atoms

moleculă

moleculă

Ex: Molecules are made up of two or more atoms bonded together. 
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solution
solution
[substantiv]

a mixture of different liquids

soluție, amestec

soluție, amestec

Ex: Many cleaning products are solutions that mix different liquids for better effectiveness. 
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boiling point
boiling point
[substantiv]

the temperature at which a liquid starts boiling

punct de fierbere, temperatură de fierbere

punct de fierbere, temperatură de fierbere

Ex: Water has a boiling point of 100 degrees Celsius at sea level. 
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freezing point
freezing point
[substantiv]

the temperature at which liquid becomes solid

punct de îngheț, temperatură de îngheț

punct de îngheț, temperatură de îngheț

Ex: The freezing point of ethanol is lower than that of water. 
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radiation
radiation
[substantiv]

energy transmitted through space or matter in the form of waves or particles

radiație, iradiere

radiație, iradiere

Ex: The sun emits radiation that warms the Earth. 
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to advance

to help something progress or succeed

avansa, promova

avansa, promova

Ex: The student diligently studied each day to advance their understanding of the subject. 
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to absorb
to absorb
[verb]

to take in energy, liquid, etc.

absorbi, asimila

absorbi, asimila

Ex: Plants absorb sunlight to produce energy through photosynthesis. 
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to activate

(physics) to make a substance radioactive

activa, a face radioactiv

activa, a face radioactiv

Ex: Scientists can activate certain materials to make them radioactive for research purposes. 
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to generate

to produce energy, such as heat, electricity, etc.

produce, genera

produce, genera

Ex: The solar panels on the roof generate electricity for the entire house. 
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industry
industry
[substantiv]

the manufacture of goods using raw materials, particularly in factories

industrie

industrie

Ex: The automotive industry is a major contributor to the national economy. 
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civil engineering
civil engineering
[substantiv]

a field of engineering that deals with the design, construction, and repair of buildings, bridges, roads, etc.

inginerie civilă, construcții civile

inginerie civilă, construcții civile

Ex: Civil engineering plays a crucial role in urban development and city planning. 
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sensor
sensor
[substantiv]

a machine or device that detects any changes in the environment and sends the information to other electronic devices

senzor, detector

senzor, detector

Ex: The temperature sensor measures the heat in the environment to adjust the heating system. 
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circuit
circuit
[substantiv]

the complete circle through which an electric current flows, typically consists of the source of electric energy

circuit

circuit

Ex: The electrical circuit is designed to power the light bulb when the switch is turned on. 
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field
field
[substantiv]

(physics) the space or area within which the effect of a particular force exists

câmp, câmp de forță

câmp, câmp de forță

Ex: The gravitational field of Earth pulls objects toward its center. 
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wire
wire
[substantiv]

a long and thin piece of metal that carries an electric current

fir, cablu

fir, cablu

Ex: The electrician installed new wire to ensure the lights functioned properly. 
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live wire
live wire
[substantiv]

a wire that carries electrical current and has the potential to cause electric shock or injury if touched

fir sub tensiune, conductor sub tensiune

fir sub tensiune, conductor sub tensiune

Ex: Be cautious when working near live wires to avoid electrical shocks. 
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motion
motion
[substantiv]

a natural process involving a change in position or orientation of an object

mișcare, deplasare

mișcare, deplasare

Ex: The planet's motion around the sun is elliptical. 
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to monitor

to carefully check the quality, activity, or changes of something or someone for a period of time

monitoriza,  supraveghea

monitoriza, supraveghea

Ex: Parents often need to monitor their children's online activities to ensure a safe digital environment. 
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motor
motor
[substantiv]

a machine that converts any form of energy into mechanical energy

motor, mașină motoare

motor, mașină motoare

Ex: The electric motor powered the conveyor belt in the factory. 
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rate
rate
[substantiv]

the number of times something changes or happens during a specific period of time

rată, rata criminalității

rată, rata criminalității

Ex: The crime rate in the city has decreased significantly over the past year. 
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weathering
weathering
[substantiv]

the effect of sunlight, wind, or rain, on rocks that makes them change color or appearance

alterare, eroziune

alterare, eroziune

Ex: The old building showed signs of weathering, with crumbling bricks and faded paint. 
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impervious
impervious
[adjectiv]

preventing a substance such as liquid from passing through

impermeabil, etanș

impermeabil, etanș

Ex: The impervious seal on the container kept the chemicals inside safe from contamination. 
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