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B2级单词表 - 科学世界

在这里,您将学习一些关于科学世界的英语单词,例如“生物化学”、“生物的”、“细菌”等,为B2学习者准备。

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CEFR B2 Vocabulary
biochemistry
[名词]

a field of science that deals with the chemistry of organisms

生物化学

生物化学

Ex: The professor specializes in biochemistry, particularly in enzyme catalysis .教授专攻**生物化学**,尤其是酶催化。
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biological
[形容词]

relating to the science that explores living organisms and their functions

生物的

生物的

Ex: The study of anatomy and physiology is a fundamental aspect of biological science.解剖学和生理学的研究是**生物**科学的一个基本方面。
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artificial
[形容词]

made by humans rather than occurring naturally in nature

人工的, 合成的

人工的, 合成的

Ex: Artificial flavors and colors are added to processed foods to enhance taste and appearance.**人工**香料和色素被添加到加工食品中以增强味道和外观。
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bacteria
[名词]

(microbiology) single-celled microorganisms that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms, and can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

细菌

细菌

Ex: Proper handwashing helps prevent the spread of bacteria and viruses .正确洗手有助于防止**细菌**和病毒的传播。
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being
[名词]

a living thing, such as a tree, human, animal, etc.

生物, 存在

生物, 存在

Ex: Understanding the needs of each being is important for conservation efforts .理解每个**生物**的需求对于保护工作很重要。
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cycle
[名词]

(biology) a series of transformations and events that happen in an animal or plant's lifetime

周期, 循环

周期, 循环

Ex: The butterfly’s life cycle includes stages from egg to caterpillar to adult.蝴蝶的生命**周期**包括从卵到毛毛虫再到成虫的阶段。
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DNA
[名词]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

DNA, 脱氧核糖核酸

DNA, 脱氧核糖核酸

Ex: DNA contains the instructions for building proteins in the body .**DNA**包含在体内构建蛋白质的指令。
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genetics
[名词]

the branch of biology that deals with how individual features and different characteristics are passed through genes

遗传学

遗传学

Ex: Modern techniques in genetics allow for the editing of genes in living organisms .现代**遗传学**技术允许对活体生物中的基因进行编辑。
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to evolve
[动词]

(biology) to change gradually and over generations into forms that are better adapted to the environment and fitter to survive

进化, 演变

进化, 演变

Ex: Humans have evolved from ape-like ancestors , gradually developing upright posture , larger brains , and sophisticated tool use .人类从类猿祖先**进化**而来,逐渐发展出直立姿势、更大的大脑和复杂的工具使用。
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compound
[名词]

(chemistry) a substance that its molecules consist of two or more elements that are held together by a chemical bond

化合物, 混合物

化合物, 混合物

Ex: Many compounds are essential for life , like carbohydrates and proteins .许多**化合物**对生命至关重要,如碳水化合物和蛋白质。
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element
[名词]

a substance that is composed of only one type of atom, typically characterized by specific physical and chemical properties

元素, 成分

元素, 成分

Ex: Carbon is a versatile element found in all living organisms and many non-living materials .碳是一种多功能的**元素**,存在于所有生物体和许多非生物材料中。
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matter
[名词]

a physical substance that occupies space and exists in every material in the universe

物质, 材料

物质, 材料

Ex: The study of matter is fundamental to fields like physics and chemistry .对**物质**的研究是物理学和化学等领域的基础。
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mineral
[名词]

a solid, naturally occurring substance with a specific chemical composition, typically found in the earth's crust, such as gold, copper, etc.

矿物

矿物

Ex: Iron ore is mined for its valuable mineral content .铁矿石因其宝贵的**矿物**含量而被开采。
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molecule
[名词]

the smallest structure of a substance consisting of a group of atoms

分子

分子

Ex: Chemical reactions often involve the breaking and forming of molecules.化学反应通常涉及**分子**的断裂和形成。
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solution
[名词]

a mixture of different liquids

溶液, 混合物

溶液, 混合物

Ex: Chemists often study solutions to understand how different substances interact .化学家经常研究**溶液**以了解不同物质如何相互作用。
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the temperature at which a liquid starts boiling

沸点, 沸腾温度

沸点, 沸腾温度

Ex: Understanding the boiling points of different liquids is important in industrial processes such as distillation .了解不同液体的**沸点**在蒸馏等工业过程中很重要。
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the temperature at which liquid becomes solid

冰点, 凝固温度

冰点, 凝固温度

Ex: At high altitudes , the freezing point can be lower than at sea level .在高海拔地区,**冰点**可能低于海平面。
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radiation
[名词]

the energy transmitted in the form of particles or waves through the space or a matter

辐射,  放射

辐射, 放射

Ex: Radioactive materials emit radiation that can be harmful to living organisms .放射性物质会发出可能对生物有害的**辐射**。
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to advance
[动词]

to help something progress or succeed

推进, 促进

推进, 促进

Ex: The nonprofit 's mission was to advance social justice by addressing systemic issues .该非营利组织的使命是通过解决系统性问题来**推进**社会正义。
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to absorb
[动词]

to take in energy, liquid, etc.

吸收, 摄取

吸收, 摄取

Ex: The soil absorbed the rainwater , preventing flooding .土壤**吸收**了雨水,防止了洪水。
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to activate
[动词]

(physics) to make a substance radioactive

激活, 使具有放射性

激活, 使具有放射性

Ex: Safety measures are important when activating substances to prevent exposure .**激活**物质时,安全措施对防止暴露很重要。
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to generate
[动词]

to produce energy, such as heat, electricity, etc.

产生, 发电

产生, 发电

Ex: Biomass power plants generate energy by burning organic materials .生物质发电厂通过燃烧有机材料**产生**能源。
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industry
[名词]

the manufacture of goods using raw materials, particularly in factories

工业

工业

Ex: The pharmaceutical industry develops medications to improve health outcomes .制药**行业**开发药物以改善健康结果。
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a field of engineering that deals with the design, construction, and repair of buildings, bridges, roads, etc.

土木工程, 建筑工程

土木工程, 建筑工程

Ex: Civil engineering focuses on designing and building infrastructure like roads and bridges .**土木工程**专注于设计和建造道路和桥梁等基础设施。
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sensor
[名词]

a machine or device that detects any changes in the environment and sends the information to other electronic devices

传感器, 探测器

传感器, 探测器

Ex: The smart home system uses sensors to control the lights and heating .智能家居系统使用**传感器**来控制灯光和暖气。
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circuit
[名词]

the complete circle through which an electric current flows, typically consists of the source of electric energy

电路

电路

Ex: The current in the circuit can be measured using an ammeter .电路中的电流可以用电流表测量。
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field
[名词]

(physics) the space or area within which the effect of a particular force exists

场, 力场

场, 力场

Ex: Scientists study the electromagnetic field to understand light and radio waves .科学家研究电磁**场**以理解光和无线电波。
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wire
[名词]

a long and thin piece of metal that carries an electric current

电线, 电缆

电线, 电缆

Ex: The electrician carefully stripped the insulation from the wire to connect it to the light fixture .电工小心地从**电线**上剥去绝缘层,以将其连接到灯具上。
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live wire
[名词]

a wire that carries electrical current and has the potential to cause electric shock or injury if touched

带电电线, 通电导线

带电电线, 通电导线

Ex: The electrician repaired the live wire that had been damaged during the storm .电工修理了在风暴中受损的**带电电线**。
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motion
[名词]

the process or act of moving or changing place

运动, 移动

运动, 移动

Ex: In physics , understanding the laws of motion is essential for studying how objects interact .在物理学中,理解**运动**定律对于研究物体如何相互作用至关重要。
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to monitor
[动词]

to carefully check the quality, activity, or changes of something or someone for a period of time

监控,监测

监控,监测

Ex: Journalists often monitor international news channels to stay updated on global events .记者经常**监控**国际新闻频道以了解全球事件的最新动态。
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motor
[名词]

a machine that converts any form of energy into mechanical energy

马达, 发动机

马达, 发动机

Ex: Electric motors are widely used in appliances, vehicles, and industrial equipment.电动**马达**广泛应用于家用电器、车辆和工业设备中。
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rate
[名词]

the number of times something changes or happens during a specific period of time

率, 犯罪率

率, 犯罪率

Ex: The unemployment rate in the region is higher than the national average.该地区的失业**率**高于全国平均水平。
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weathering
[名词]

the effect of sunlight, wind, or rain, on rocks that makes them change color or appearance

风化, 侵蚀

风化, 侵蚀

Ex: The scientists studied the effects of weathering on different types of rock in the region.科学家们研究了该地区不同类型岩石上**风化**的影响。
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impervious
[形容词]

preventing a substance such as liquid from passing through

不透的, 防水的

不透的, 防水的

Ex: The impervious coating on the roof protects the building from water damage .屋顶上的**防渗**涂层保护建筑物免受水损害。
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B2级单词表
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