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Seznam Slovíček Úrovně B2 - Svět Vědy

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova o světě vědy, jako je "biochemie", "biologický", "bakterie" atd., připravená pro studenty úrovně B2.

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CEFR B2 Vocabulary
biochemistry
biochemistry
[Podstatné jméno]

a field of science that deals with the chemistry of organisms

biochemie

biochemie

Ex: Enzymes, which are proteins that speed up chemical reactions, are a key focus in biochemistry. 
biological
biological
[Přídavné jméno]

relating to the science that explores living organisms and their functions

biologický

biologický

Ex: Biological research investigates the genetic makeup of different species. 
artificial
artificial
[Přídavné jméno]

made by humans rather than occurring naturally in nature

umělý, syntetický

umělý, syntetický

Ex: Artificial sweeteners are used as sugar substitutes in many food and beverage products. 
bacteria
bacteria
[Podstatné jméno]

(microbiology) single-celled microorganisms that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms, and can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

bakterie

bakterie

Ex: Bacteria play a crucial role in the decomposition of organic matter in the ecosystem. 
being
being
[Podstatné jméno]

a living thing, such as a tree, human, animal, etc.

bytost, stvoření

bytost, stvoření

Ex: Every being plays a role in its ecosystem, contributing to the balance of nature. 
cycle
cycle
[Podstatné jméno]

(biology) a series of transformations and events that happen in an animal or plant's lifetime

cyklus, období

cyklus, období

Ex: The water cycle describes how water moves through the environment in different forms. 
DNA
DNA
[Podstatné jméno]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

DNA, deoxyribonukleová kyselina

DNA, deoxyribonukleová kyselina

Ex: DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, contains the genetic instructions for living organisms. 
genetics
genetics
[Podstatné jméno]

the branch of biology that deals with how individual features and different characteristics are passed through genes

genetika

genetika

Ex: Understanding genetics helps scientists explore how diseases are passed through families. 
to evolve
to evolve
[sloveso]

(biology) to change gradually and over generations into forms that are better adapted to the environment and fitter to survive

vyvíjet se, vyvíjet

vyvíjet se, vyvíjet

Ex: Over millions of years, horses have evolved from small, multi-toed ancestors to the single-toed, large-bodied animals we see today. 
compound
compound
[Podstatné jméno]

(chemistry) a substance that its molecules consist of two or more elements that are held together by a chemical bond

sloučenina, směs

sloučenina, směs

Ex: Water is a compound made of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. 
element
element
[Podstatné jméno]

a substance that is composed of only one type of atom, typically characterized by specific physical and chemical properties

prvek, složka

prvek, složka

Ex: Oxygen is an essential element for human respiration. 
matter
matter
[Podstatné jméno]

a physical substance that occupies space and exists in every material in the universe

hmota, látka

hmota, látka

Ex: All objects, whether solid, liquid, or gas, are made of matter. 
mineral
mineral
[Podstatné jméno]

a solid, naturally occurring substance with a specific chemical composition, typically found in the earth's crust, such as gold, copper, etc.

minerál

minerál

Ex: Quartz is a common mineral found in many types of rocks. 
molecule
molecule
[Podstatné jméno]

the smallest structure of a substance consisting of a group of atoms

molekula

molekula

Ex: Molecules are made up of two or more atoms bonded together. 
solution
solution
[Podstatné jméno]

a mixture of different liquids

roztok, směs

roztok, směs

Ex: Many cleaning products are solutions that mix different liquids for better effectiveness. 
boiling point
boiling point
[Podstatné jméno]

the temperature at which a liquid starts boiling

bod varu, teplota varu

bod varu, teplota varu

Ex: Water has a boiling point of 100 degrees Celsius at sea level. 
freezing point
freezing point
[Podstatné jméno]

the temperature at which liquid becomes solid

bod mrazu, teplota tuhnutí

bod mrazu, teplota tuhnutí

Ex: The freezing point of ethanol is lower than that of water. 
radiation
radiation
[Podstatné jméno]

energy transmitted through space or matter in the form of waves or particles

záření, radiace

záření, radiace

Ex: The sun emits radiation that warms the Earth. 
to advance
to advance
[sloveso]

to help something progress or succeed

postupovat, podporovat

postupovat, podporovat

Ex: The student diligently studied each day to advance their understanding of the subject. 
to absorb
to absorb
[sloveso]

to take in energy, liquid, etc.

absorbovat, pohlcovat

absorbovat, pohlcovat

Ex: Plants absorb sunlight to produce energy through photosynthesis. 
to activate
to activate
[sloveso]

(physics) to make a substance radioactive

aktivovat, udělat radioaktivním

aktivovat, udělat radioaktivním

Ex: Scientists can activate certain materials to make them radioactive for research purposes. 
to generate
to generate
[sloveso]

to produce energy, such as heat, electricity, etc.

vyrábět, generovat

vyrábět, generovat

Ex: The solar panels on the roof generate electricity for the entire house. 
industry
industry
[Podstatné jméno]

the manufacture of goods using raw materials, particularly in factories

průmysl

průmysl

Ex: The automotive industry is a major contributor to the national economy. 
civil engineering
civil engineering
[Podstatné jméno]

a field of engineering that deals with the design, construction, and repair of buildings, bridges, roads, etc.

stavební inženýrství, inženýrství stavebních konstrukcí

stavební inženýrství, inženýrství stavebních konstrukcí

Ex: Civil engineering plays a crucial role in urban development and city planning. 
sensor
sensor
[Podstatné jméno]

a machine or device that detects any changes in the environment and sends the information to other electronic devices

senzor, detektor

senzor, detektor

Ex: The temperature sensor measures the heat in the environment to adjust the heating system. 
circuit
circuit
[Podstatné jméno]

the complete circle through which an electric current flows, typically consists of the source of electric energy

obvod

obvod

Ex: The electrical circuit is designed to power the light bulb when the switch is turned on. 
field
field
[Podstatné jméno]

(physics) the space or area within which the effect of a particular force exists

pole, silové pole

pole, silové pole

Ex: The gravitational field of Earth pulls objects toward its center. 
wire
wire
[Podstatné jméno]

a long and thin piece of metal that carries an electric current

drát, kabel

drát, kabel

Ex: The electrician installed new wire to ensure the lights functioned properly. 
live wire
live wire
[Podstatné jméno]

a wire that carries electrical current and has the potential to cause electric shock or injury if touched

živý drát, vodivý drát

živý drát, vodivý drát

Ex: Be cautious when working near live wires to avoid electrical shocks. 
motion
motion
[Podstatné jméno]

a natural process involving a change in position or orientation of an object

pohyb, přemístění

pohyb, přemístění

Ex: The planet's motion around the sun is elliptical. 
to monitor
to monitor
[sloveso]

to carefully check the quality, activity, or changes of something or someone for a period of time

monitorovat,  sledovat

monitorovat, sledovat

Ex: Parents often need to monitor their children's online activities to ensure a safe digital environment. 
motor
motor
[Podstatné jméno]

a machine that converts any form of energy into mechanical energy

motor, pohonný stroj

motor, pohonný stroj

Ex: The electric motor powered the conveyor belt in the factory. 
rate
rate
[Podstatné jméno]

the number of times something changes or happens during a specific period of time

míra, míra kriminality

míra, míra kriminality

Ex: The crime rate in the city has decreased significantly over the past year. 
weathering
weathering
[Podstatné jméno]

the effect of sunlight, wind, or rain, on rocks that makes them change color or appearance

zvětrávání, eroze

zvětrávání, eroze

Ex: The old building showed signs of weathering, with crumbling bricks and faded paint. 
impervious
impervious
[Přídavné jméno]

preventing a substance such as liquid from passing through

nepropustný, voděodolný

nepropustný, voděodolný

Ex: The impervious seal on the container kept the chemicals inside safe from contamination. 
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