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Vocabular Esențial pentru TOEFL - Atletism

Aici vei învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză despre atletism, cum ar fi "ligă", "teren", "inel" etc., care sunt necesare pentru examenul TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
athletics
athletics
[substantiv]

the sport of competing in track and field events, including running races and various competitions in jumping and throwing

atletism, sportul de atletism

atletism, sportul de atletism

Ex: She trained all winter to qualify for the national athletics championships in the 400‑meter dash. 

Ea s-a antrenat toată iarna pentru a se califica la campionatele naționale de atletism la 400 de metri.

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tournament
tournament
[substantiv]

a competition in which individuals or teams play a series of games or matches to determine an overall winner

turneu,  competiție

turneu, competiție

Ex: Emma reached the final of the tennis tournament. 
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league
league
[substantiv]

a group of sports clubs or players who compete against each other and are put together based on the points they have gained through the season

ligă

ligă

Ex: He joined a local league to play basketball every weekend. 
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arena
arena
[substantiv]

a large open-air constructed area that is used for playing sports

arenă, stadion

arenă, stadion

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pitch
pitch
[substantiv]

a flat ground prepared and marked for playing particular sports, such as soccer

teren, pitch

teren, pitch

Ex: The soccer pitch was covered in grass and freshly marked. 
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championship
championship
[substantiv]

a competition in which the best player or team is chosen

campionat, competiție

campionat, competiție

Ex: The final round of the golf championship will take place on Sunday. 
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spectator
spectator
[substantiv]

a person who watches sport competitions closely

spectator, observator

spectator, observator

Ex: The enthusiastic spectator cheered loudly as her favorite team scored the winning goal in the final minutes of the match. 

Spectatorul entuziasmat a aplaudat zgomotos când echipa sa preferată a marcat golul victoriei în minutele finale ale meciului.

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martial arts
martial arts
[substantiv]

any type of sports that include fighting which are especially originated in the Far East, such as judo, kung fu, etc.

arte marțiale, sporturi de luptă

arte marțiale, sporturi de luptă

Ex: He has been studying martial arts since he was a child, starting with karate and later branching out into jiu-jitsu. 

Studiază arte martiale încă din copilărie, începând cu karate și apoi extinzându-se la jiu-jitsu.

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ring
ring
[substantiv]

a platform surrounded with ropes on which boxing and wrestling competitions take place

ring, ring de box

ring, ring de box

Ex: The two fighters entered the ring. 
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referee
referee
[substantiv]

an official who controls a sports game or match and makes sure that the rules are followed

arbitru

arbitru

Ex: The referee stopped the match after the player was injured. 
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stroke
stroke
[substantiv]

an act of hitting or striking a ball with a bat, racket, club, cue, or hand

lovitură, șut

lovitură, șut

Ex: The tennis player's backhand stroke won the point. 
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strike
strike
[substantiv]

(baseball) a pitch that the batter swings at and misses, or that the umpire calls within the strike zone

strike, lovitură

strike, lovitură

Ex: The count is now 0-2 after two consecutive strikes. 
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to tackle
to tackle
[verb]

to try to take the ball from the players of the other team, usually by forcing them down, in sports such as American football or rugby

tacla, doborî

tacla, doborî

Ex: She tackled her opponent with a clean hit, stopping the play. 
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offense
offense
[substantiv]

(in sports) the players of a team who are trying to score against the rival team

atac, ofensivă

atac, ofensivă

Ex: A strong offense is just as important as a solid defense in basketball. 
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defense
defense
[substantiv]

the team, players, or tactics whose primary role is to prevent the opposing side from scoring or gaining advantage in a game or match

apărarea, spatele

apărarea, spatele

Ex: In baseball the defense turned a slick double play to end the inning. 
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to umpire
to umpire
[verb]

to enforce the rules by presiding over a match or contest in sports such as baseball, cricket, and tennis

arbitra, conduce

arbitra, conduce

Ex: She will umpire the regional final on Saturday. 

Ea va arbitra finala regională sâmbătă.

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to tie
to tie
[verb]

(of two players or teams) to finish a game or competition with even scores

egaliza, termina la egalitate

egaliza, termina la egalitate

Ex: The chess match tied as neither player could secure a checkmate, resulting in a stalemate. 
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draw
draw
[substantiv]

when neither player is able to win the game, typically because there are no more legal moves available or because both players agree to a draw

egalitate, remiză

egalitate, remiză

Ex: The chess game ended in a draw. 
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foul
foul
[substantiv]

an action in a sport that breaks the rules

fault

fault

Ex: The referee awarded a free kick for the foul. 
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versus
versus
[prepoziție]

(in sport or law) used to show that two sides or teams are against each other

împotriva

împotriva

Ex: The rivalry between Batman versus Superman is one of the most popular themes in comic books. 

Rivalitatea dintre Batman contra Superman este una dintre cele mai populare teme din benzile desenate.

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triathlon
triathlon
[substantiv]

a sporting contest typically consisting of swimming, cycling, and running taking place in three different events

triatlon

triatlon

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cross-country

away from the roads and tracks and across the countryside

prin țară, în afara traseului

prin țară, în afara traseului

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gymnast
gymnast
[substantiv]

an athlete who is trained to perform gymnastics, especially in a competition

gimnast, atlet la gimnastică

gimnast, atlet la gimnastică

Ex: The gymnast executed a perfect routine on the balance beam. 

Gimnastul a executat o rutină perfectă pe bârnă.

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heavyweight
heavyweight
[substantiv]

(in wrestling and boxing) a weight in the heaviest category which is above 91kg

greutate grea, categoria de greutate grea

greutate grea, categoria de greutate grea

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lightweight
lightweight
[substantiv]

(in boxing) a weight usually between 59 and 61.2 kilograms

greutate ușoară, categorie ușoară

greutate ușoară, categorie ușoară

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sprint
sprint
[substantiv]

a type of running in which one runs full speed in a short distance

sprint, cursă de viteză

sprint, cursă de viteză

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trophy
trophy
[substantiv]

an object awarded as a prize for winning a competition or achieving something

trofeu,  cupă

trofeu, cupă

Ex: The team lifted the trophy after winning the final. 
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doping
doping
[substantiv]

the use of drugs by an athlete or racehorse in a competition in order to improve their performance

doping

doping

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victory
victory
[substantiv]

the success that is achieved in a competition, game, war, etc.

victorie

victorie

Ex: The army claimed victory after the battle. 
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marathon
marathon
[substantiv]

a running race of 26 miles or 42 kilometers

maraton, cursă de maraton

maraton, cursă de maraton

Ex: She trained for months to run her first marathon. 

Ea s-a antrenat luni de zile pentru a alerga la primul ei maraton.

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track and field

a sport that involves various athletic events, including running, jumping, and throwing competitions, that are held on a running track

Ex: She excels in both sprints and long-distance events in track and field. 
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club
club
[substantiv]

a group of sports players, their manager, and staff such as a soccer or baseball club

club, echipă

club, echipă

Ex: She joined the local baseball club to improve her skills and meet new people. 
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