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Podstawowe Słownictwo do TOEFL - Lekkoatletyka

Tutaj nauczysz się niektórych angielskich słów dotyczących lekkoatletyki, takich jak "liga", "boisko", "pierścień" itp., które są potrzebne do egzaminu TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
athletics
athletics
[Rzeczownik]

the sport of competing in track and field events, including running races and various competitions in jumping and throwing

lekkoatletyka, sport lekkoatletyka

lekkoatletyka, sport lekkoatletyka

Ex: Weather delays forced officials to reschedule several athletics finals until the next morning. 

Opóźnienia pogodowe zmusiły urzędników do przełożenia kilku finałów lekkoatletycznych na następny poranek.

tournament
tournament
[Rzeczownik]

a competition in which individuals or teams play a series of games or matches to determine an overall winner

turniej,  zawody

turniej, zawody

Ex: Sixteen teams entered the regional soccer tournament. 
league
league
[Rzeczownik]

a group of sports clubs or players who compete against each other and are put together based on the points they have gained through the season

liga

liga

Ex: The football league has 20 teams competing this season. 
arena
arena
[Rzeczownik]

a large open-air constructed area that is used for playing sports

arena, stadion

arena, stadion

pitch
pitch
[Rzeczownik]

a flat ground prepared and marked for playing particular sports, such as soccer

boisko, murawa

boisko, murawa

Ex: The players ran onto the pitch as the match began. 
championship
championship
[Rzeczownik]

a competition in which the best player or team is chosen

mistrzostwo, zawody

mistrzostwo, zawody

Ex: Their victory in the championship was celebrated by fans nationwide. 
spectator
spectator
[Rzeczownik]

a person who watches sport competitions closely

widz, obserwator

widz, obserwator

Ex: A true sports fan, she never missed a chance to be a spectator at live events, soaking in the atmosphere and excitement. 

Prawdziwa fanka sportu, nigdy nie przegapiła okazji, by być widzem na żywo, wchłaniając atmosferę i ekscytację.

martial arts
martial arts
[Rzeczownik]

any type of sports that include fighting which are especially originated in the Far East, such as judo, kung fu, etc.

sztuki walki, sporty walki

sztuki walki, sporty walki

Ex: Practicing martial arts has helped her improve her focus and self-confidence. 

Uprawianie sztuk walki pomogło jej poprawić koncentrację i pewność siebie.

ring
ring
[Rzeczownik]

a platform surrounded with ropes on which boxing and wrestling competitions take place

ring, arena bokserska

ring, arena bokserska

Ex: The wrestler climbed out of the ring after the match. 
referee
referee
[Rzeczownik]

an official who controls a sports game or match and makes sure that the rules are followed

sędzia

sędzia

Ex: Players must respect the referee's decisions. 
stroke
stroke
[Rzeczownik]

an act of hitting or striking a ball with a bat, racket, club, cue, or hand

uderzenie, cios

uderzenie, cios

Ex: She executed a perfect forehand stroke. 
strike
strike
[Rzeczownik]

(baseball) a pitch that the batter swings at and misses, or that the umpire calls within the strike zone

strike, uderzenie

strike, uderzenie

Ex: The umpire called a strike on the inside corner of the plate. 
to tackle
to tackle
[Czasownik]

to try to take the ball from the players of the other team, usually by forcing them down, in sports such as American football or rugby

atakować, powalać

atakować, powalać

Ex: The linebacker tackled the quarterback before he could make the pass. 
offense
offense
[Rzeczownik]

(in sports) the players of a team who are trying to score against the rival team

atak, ofensywa

atak, ofensywa

Ex: The team's offense dominated the game with three touchdowns in the first quarter. 
defense
defense
[Rzeczownik]

the team, players, or tactics whose primary role is to prevent the opposing side from scoring or gaining advantage in a game or match

obrona, zaplecze

obrona, zaplecze

Ex: In baseball the defense turned a slick double play to end the inning. 
to umpire
to umpire
[Czasownik]

to enforce the rules by presiding over a match or contest in sports such as baseball, cricket, and tennis

sędziować, kierować

sędziować, kierować

Ex: Experienced referees sometimes umpire lower‑level matches to mentor younger officials. 

Doświadczeni sędziowie czasami sędziują mecze na niższym poziomie, aby mentorować młodszych sędziów.

to tie
to tie
[Czasownik]

(of two players or teams) to finish a game or competition with even scores

zremisować, zakończyć remisem

zremisować, zakończyć remisem

Ex: The soccer match tied after both teams scored two goals each in the second half. 
draw
draw
[Rzeczownik]

when neither player is able to win the game, typically because there are no more legal moves available or because both players agree to a draw

remis, pat

remis, pat

Ex: A draw was enough to keep the team in first place. 
foul
foul
[Rzeczownik]

an action in a sport that breaks the rules

faul

faul

Ex: He committed a foul near the edge of the penalty area. 
versus
versus
[Przyimek]

(in sport or law) used to show that two sides or teams are against each other

przeciwko

przeciwko

Ex: The final match of the World Cup was France versus Croatia. 

Finałowy mecz Mistrzostw Świata to Francja przeciwko Chorwacji.

triathlon
triathlon
[Rzeczownik]

a sporting contest typically consisting of swimming, cycling, and running taking place in three different events

triatlon

triatlon

cross-country
cross-country
[przysłówek]

away from the roads and tracks and across the countryside

przez wieś, poza trasą

przez wieś, poza trasą

gymnast
gymnast
[Rzeczownik]

an athlete who is trained to perform gymnastics, especially in a competition

gimnastyk, sportowiec uprawiający gimnastykę

gimnastyk, sportowiec uprawiający gimnastykę

Ex: Young gymnasts often start training at a very early age to develop their skills. 

Młodzi gimnastycy często rozpoczynają treningi w bardzo młodym wieku, aby rozwijać swoje umiejętności.

heavyweight
heavyweight
[Rzeczownik]

(in wrestling and boxing) a weight in the heaviest category which is above 91kg

waga ciężka, kategoria wagi ciężkiej

waga ciężka, kategoria wagi ciężkiej

lightweight
lightweight
[Rzeczownik]

(in boxing) a weight usually between 59 and 61.2 kilograms

waga lekka, kategoria lekka

waga lekka, kategoria lekka

sprint
sprint
[Rzeczownik]

a type of running in which one runs full speed in a short distance

sprint, bieg krótkodystansowy

sprint, bieg krótkodystansowy

trophy
trophy
[Rzeczownik]

an object awarded as a prize for winning a competition or achieving something

trofeum,  puchar

trofeum, puchar

Ex: The winner was presented with a silver trophy. 
doping
doping
[Rzeczownik]

the use of drugs by an athlete or racehorse in a competition in order to improve their performance

doping

doping

victory
victory
[Rzeczownik]

the success that is achieved in a competition, game, war, etc.

zwycięstwo

zwycięstwo

Ex: The team celebrated its victory. 
marathon
marathon
[Rzeczownik]

a running race of 26 miles or 42 kilometers

maraton, bieg maratoński

maraton, bieg maratoński

Ex: The city hosts an annual marathon every spring. 

Miasto organizuje coroczny maraton każdej wiosny.

track and field

a sport that involves various athletic events, including running, jumping, and throwing competitions, that are held on a running track

Ex: Track and field athletes train rigorously for months before a competition. 
club
club
[Rzeczownik]

a group of sports players, their manager, and staff such as a soccer or baseball club

klub, zespół

klub, zespół

Ex: The soccer club celebrated their championship win with a parade. 
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