واژگان ضروری برای TOEFL - دو و میدانی

the sport of competing in track and field events, including running races and various competitions in jumping and throwing

a competition in which individuals or teams play a series of games or matches to determine an overall winner

a group of sports clubs or players who compete against each other and are put together based on the points they have gained through the season

a large open-air constructed area that is used for playing sports

a flat ground prepared and marked for playing particular sports, such as soccer

a competition in which the best player or team is chosen

a person who watches sport competitions closely

any type of sports that include fighting which are especially originated in the Far East, such as judo, kung fu, etc.

a platform surrounded with ropes on which boxing and wrestling competitions take place

an official who controls a sports game or match and makes sure that the rules are followed

an act of hitting or striking a ball with a bat, racket, club, cue, or hand

(baseball) a pitch that the batter swings at and misses, or that the umpire calls within the strike zone

to try to take the ball from the players of the other team, usually by forcing them down, in sports such as American football or rugby

(in sports) the players of a team who are trying to score against the rival team

the team, players, or tactics whose primary role is to prevent the opposing side from scoring or gaining advantage in a game or match

to enforce the rules by presiding over a match or contest in sports such as baseball, cricket, and tennis

(of two players or teams) to finish a game or competition with even scores

when neither player is able to win the game, typically because there are no more legal moves available or because both players agree to a draw

an action in a sport that breaks the rules

(in sport or law) used to show that two sides or teams are against each other

a sporting contest typically consisting of swimming, cycling, and running taking place in three different events

away from the roads and tracks and across the countryside

an athlete who is trained to perform gymnastics, especially in a competition

(in wrestling and boxing) a weight in the heaviest category which is above 91kg

(in boxing) a weight usually between 59 and 61.2 kilograms

a type of running in which one runs full speed in a short distance

an object awarded as a prize for winning a competition or achieving something

the use of drugs by an athlete or racehorse in a competition in order to improve their performance

the success that is achieved in a competition, game, war, etc.

a running race of 26 miles or 42 kilometers

a sport that involves various athletic events, including running, jumping, and throwing competitions, that are held on a running track

a group of sports players, their manager, and staff such as a soccer or baseball club