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托福高级词汇 - 医疗与医学

在这里,您将学习一些关于医疗保健和医学的英语单词,如“免疫”、“无菌”、“儿科”等,这些都是托福考试所需要的。

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL

the first medical treatment one receives for sickness, for instance, from a family doctor

初级卫生保健, 首次医疗处理

初级卫生保健, 首次医疗处理

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to medicate
[动词]

to administer a drug or treat a patient using drugs

给药, 用药物治疗

给药, 用药物治疗

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to immunize
[动词]

to protect an animal or a person from a disease by vaccination

免疫, 接种疫苗

免疫, 接种疫苗

Ex: Veterinarians recommend pet owners to immunize their dogs and cats to prevent the spread of certain diseases .兽医建议宠物主人给他们的狗和猫**接种疫苗**,以防止某些疾病的传播。
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to make a person or animal calm or unconscious using drugs, like sedatives

使平静, 麻醉

使平静, 麻醉

Ex: The nurse will tranquillize the patient before the surgical procedure begins.护士将在外科手术开始前**镇静**病人。
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inoculation
[名词]

the process of boosting the immunity system of a person or animal against a disease by vaccination

接种, 疫苗接种

接种, 疫苗接种

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to isolate a person or animal for a specific period due to illness, suspicion of illness, or to prevent the potential spread of a disease

隔离, 检疫

隔离, 检疫

Ex: The school quarantined the classroom where a student tested positive for COVID-19 .学校将一名学生COVID-19检测呈阳性的教室进行了**隔离**。
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narcotic
[名词]

a drug that reduces pain and causes sleepiness, confusion, or dullness

麻醉剂, 毒品

麻醉剂, 毒品

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sedative
[名词]

any drug that is used to make one feel calm or induce sleep

镇静剂, 安眠药

镇静剂, 安眠药

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laxative
[名词]

a substance, usually a drug, used to stimulate evacuation of the bowels

泻药, 通便药

泻药, 通便药

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lozenge
[名词]

a sweet-flavored small and often lozenge-shaped tablet that dissolves in one's mouth, usually taken for sore throat

含片, 喉糖

含片, 喉糖

Ex: The dentist prescribed a numbing lozenge to ease the discomfort after the dental procedure .牙医开了一种麻醉**含片**,以减轻牙科手术后的不适。
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ointment
[名词]

a substance, usually smooth and oily, rubbed on the skin for medical purposes

药膏, 软膏

药膏, 软膏

Ex: The herbal ointment provided relief from the insect bites by soothing the itching and reducing inflammation .草药**药膏**通过舒缓瘙痒和减少炎症来缓解昆虫叮咬。
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antiseptic
[名词]

a substance that prevents infection when applied to a wound, especially by killing bacteria

消毒剂, 杀菌剂

消毒剂, 杀菌剂

Ex: The doctor recommended using an antiseptic mouthwash to maintain oral hygiene.医生建议使用**抗菌**漱口水来保持口腔卫生。
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aseptic
[形容词]

medically clean and free from any form of contamination

无菌的

无菌的

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morphine
[名词]

a narcotic drug that is extracted from opium and is medicinally used to relieve pain

吗啡

吗啡

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opioid
[名词]

any drugs with the same effects as opium, medicinally used for reducing extreme pain

阿片类, 阿片类镇痛药

阿片类, 阿片类镇痛药

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salve
[名词]

any medicinal ointment that accelerates the recovery of the skin barrier or protects it

药膏, 软膏

药膏, 软膏

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any device, drug, or method that is used to prevent pregnancy

避孕药具, 避孕方法

避孕药具, 避孕方法

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radiotherapy
[名词]

the process of treating a disease, particularly cancer, using X-rays or similar forms of radiation

放射治疗

放射治疗

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chemotherapy
[名词]

the process of treating a disease, particularly cancer, using chemicals

化疗

化疗

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the process of treating a patient's physical or mental illness using specific activities

职业疗法,  作业疗法

职业疗法, 作业疗法

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pediatrics
[名词]

the branch of medicine that is concerned with children and their conditions

儿科

儿科

Ex: Pediatrics requires a deep understanding of childhood diseases and developmental milestones .**儿科**需要对儿童疾病和发展里程碑有深刻的理解。
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orthopedics
[名词]

the branch of medicine that is concerned with bones and muscles, and their diseases and injuries

骨科, 骨科手术

骨科, 骨科手术

Ex: She decided to get a second opinion from another orthopedics clinic before agreeing to the recommended surgery .在同意推荐的手术之前,她决定从另一家**骨科**诊所获得第二意见。
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gynecology
[名词]

the branch of medicine that is concerned with diseases that are specific to women, especially those that affect their reproductive organs

妇科

妇科

Ex: He pursued a career in gynecology to focus on women 's reproductive issues .他追求**妇科**事业,专注于女性生殖问题。
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geriatrics
[名词]

the branch of medicine that focuses on the healthcare of elderly people

老年医学, 老年病学

老年医学, 老年病学

Ex: He volunteered at a nursing home , where he saw firsthand the importance of geriatrics in managing elderly care .他在养老院做志愿者,亲眼目睹了**老年医学**在管理老年人护理中的重要性。
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acupressure
[名词]

an alternative therapy in which pressure is put on specific parts of the body with hands and fingers

指压

指压

Ex: Many people turn to acupressure as a natural alternative to medication.许多人转向**指压**作为药物的天然替代品。
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hypnotherapy
[名词]

the process of using hypnosis as a therapeutic technique

催眠疗法

催眠疗法

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herbalism
[名词]

the medicinal and therapeutic use of plants and plant extracts to treat illnesses

草药学,  植物疗法

草药学, 植物疗法

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a wide range of treatments for medical conditions that fall outside of mainstream healthcare

补充医学

补充医学

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scrubs
[名词]

a two-piece protective garment that is worn by surgeons in the operation room

手术服, 手术室服装

手术服, 手术室服装

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invasive
[形容词]

(of medical procedures) comprising cutting into the body or body cavities

侵入性的, 侵袭性的

侵入性的, 侵袭性的

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curettage
[名词]

an operation in which small sharp tools are used to remove material from inside the uterus or another body part

刮除术, 子宫刮除术

刮除术, 子宫刮除术

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amputation
[名词]

surgical removal of a limb or a part of it

截肢

截肢

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biopsy
[名词]

the process of removing and analyzing tissue from the body of a sick person to learn more about their condition

活检

活检

Ex: A prostate biopsy is commonly performed to detect and diagnose prostate cancer in men with elevated prostate-specific antigen ( PSA ) levels .前列腺**活检**通常用于检测和诊断前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)水平升高的男性中的前列腺癌。
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diagnostic
[形容词]

related to identifying or determining the presence of an illness or problem by analyzing various symptoms or signs

诊断的

诊断的

Ex: Diagnostic criteria are used by healthcare professionals to classify and identify specific medical conditions .**诊断**标准被医疗保健专业人员用来分类和识别特定的医疗状况。
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prognosis
[名词]

a professional opinion regarding the likely course of an illness

预后

预后

Ex: The veterinarian discussed the prognosis for the cat 's kidney disease , outlining potential treatment options and expected outcomes .兽医讨论了猫肾病的**预后**,概述了潜在的治疗方案和预期结果。
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托福高级词汇
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