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Vocabulario Avanzado para el TOEFL - Asistencia Sanitaria y Medicina

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre asistencia sanitaria y medicina, como "immunize", "aseptic", "pediatrics", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
primary health care

the first medical treatment one receives for sickness, for instance, from a family doctor

atención sanitaria primaria

atención sanitaria primaria

to medicate

to administer a drug or treat a patient using drugs

medicar

medicar

to immunize

to protect an animal or a person from a disease by vaccination

inmunizar

inmunizar

Ex: The government launched a campaign to immunize the population against a recent outbreak of a contagious illness. 

El gobierno lanzó una campaña para inmunizar a la población contra un reciente brote de una enfermedad contagiosa.

to tranquilize

to make a person or animal calm or unconscious using drugs, like sedatives

tranquilizar

tranquilizar

Ex: They had to tranquillize the horse after it became too restless during the vet check-up. 

Tuvieron que tranquilizar al caballo después de que se volviera demasiado inquieto durante el chequeo veterinario.

inoculation
inoculation
[Sustantivo]

the process of boosting the immunity system of a person or animal against a disease by vaccination

inoculación

inoculación

to quarantine

to isolate a person or animal for a specific period due to illness, suspicion of illness, or to prevent the potential spread of a disease

poner en cuarentena

poner en cuarentena

Ex: The health authorities quarantined the passengers of the cruise ship after several cases of norovirus were reported onboard. 

Las autoridades sanitarias pusieron en cuarentena a los pasajeros del crucero después de que se reportaran varios casos de norovirus a bordo.

narcotic
narcotic
[Sustantivo]

a drug that reduces pain and causes sleepiness, confusion, or dullness

narcótico

narcótico

sedative
sedative
[Sustantivo]

any drug that is used to make one feel calm or induce sleep

sedante

sedante

laxative
laxative
[Sustantivo]

a substance, usually a drug, used to stimulate evacuation of the bowels

laxante

laxante

lozenge
lozenge
[Sustantivo]

a small tablet containing medicine, intended to dissolve slowly in the mouth

pastilla, gragea

pastilla, gragea

Ex: He let the lozenge dissolve under his tongue. 

Dejó que el pastilla se disolviera bajo su lengua.

ointment
ointment
[Sustantivo]

a substance, usually smooth and oily, rubbed on the skin for medical purposes

ungüento, pomada

ungüento, pomada

Ex: The athlete applied a muscle-relaxing ointment to alleviate soreness after the intense workout. 

El atleta aplicó una pomada relajante muscular para aliviar el dolor después del entrenamiento intenso.

antiseptic
antiseptic
[Sustantivo]

a substance that prevents infection when applied to a wound, especially by killing bacteria

antiséptico

antiséptico

Ex: It's important to use antiseptic when treating minor burns to prevent bacterial growth. 

Es importante usar un antiséptico al tratar quemaduras menores para prevenir el crecimiento bacteriano.

aseptic
aseptic
[Adjetivo]

preventing infection by avoiding contamination with bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens

aséptico

aséptico

Ex: Aseptic packaging keeps food safe for longer periods. 

El envasado aséptico mantiene los alimentos seguros durante períodos más largos.

morphine
morphine
[Sustantivo]

a narcotic drug that is extracted from opium and is medicinally used to relieve pain

morfina

morfina

opioid
opioid
[Sustantivo]

any drugs with the same effects as opium, medicinally used for reducing extreme pain

opioide

opioide

salve
salve
[Sustantivo]

any medicinal ointment that accelerates the recovery of the skin barrier or protects it

pomada, ungüento

pomada, ungüento

contraceptive
contraceptive
[Sustantivo]

any device, drug, or method that is used to prevent pregnancy

anticonceptivo, contraceptivo

anticonceptivo, contraceptivo

radiotherapy
radiotherapy
[Sustantivo]

the process of treating a disease, particularly cancer, using X-rays or similar forms of radiation

radioterapia

radioterapia

chemotherapy
chemotherapy
[Sustantivo]

the process of treating a disease, particularly cancer, using chemicals

quimioterapia

quimioterapia

occupational therapy

the process of treating a patient's physical or mental illness using specific activities

terapia ocupacional

terapia ocupacional

pediatrics
pediatrics
[Sustantivo]

the branch of medicine that is concerned with children and their conditions

pediatría

pediatría

Ex: She specialized in pediatrics and worked primarily with young patients. 

Se especializó en pediatría y trabajó principalmente con pacientes jóvenes.

orthopedics
orthopedics
[Sustantivo]

the branch of medicine that is concerned with bones and muscles, and their diseases and injuries

ortopedia

ortopedia

Ex: With the rise in sports-related injuries, there's been a growing demand for specialists in orthopedics. 

Con el aumento de las lesiones relacionadas con el deporte, ha habido una creciente demanda de especialistas en ortopedia.

gynecology
gynecology
[Sustantivo]

the branch of medicine that is concerned with diseases that are specific to women, especially those that affect their reproductive organs

ginecología

ginecología

Ex: The medical school offers a specialized course in gynecology for aspiring doctors. 

La escuela de medicina ofrece un curso especializado en ginecología para los aspirantes a médicos.

geriatrics
geriatrics
[Sustantivo]

the branch of medicine that focuses on the healthcare of elderly people

geriatría

geriatría

Ex: Geriatrics includes both the prevention and treatment of age-related diseases. 

La geriatría incluye tanto la prevención como el tratamiento de enfermedades relacionadas con la edad.

acupressure
acupressure
[Sustantivo]

an alternative therapy in which pressure is put on specific parts of the body with hands and fingers

acupresión

acupresión

Ex: Acupressure is often used to reduce stress and promote relaxation. 

La acupresión se utiliza a menudo para reducir el estrés y promover la relajación.

hypnotherapy
hypnotherapy
[Sustantivo]

the process of using hypnosis as a therapeutic technique

hipnoterapia

hipnoterapia

herbalism
herbalism
[Sustantivo]

the medicinal and therapeutic use of plants and plant extracts to treat illnesses

herbología

herbología

complementary medicine

a wide range of treatments for medical conditions that fall outside of mainstream healthcare

medicina alternativa

medicina alternativa

scrubs
scrubs
[Sustantivo]

a two-piece protective garment that is worn by surgeons in the operation room

uniforme, pijama sanitario

uniforme, pijama sanitario

invasive
invasive
[Adjetivo]

(of medical procedures) comprising cutting into the body or body cavities

invasivo

invasivo

curettage
curettage
[Sustantivo]

an operation in which small sharp tools are used to remove material from inside the uterus or another body part

raspado

raspado

amputation
amputation
[Sustantivo]

surgical removal of a limb or a part of it

amputación

amputación

biopsy
biopsy
[Sustantivo]

the process of removing and analyzing tissue from the body of a sick person to learn more about their condition

biopsia

biopsia

Ex: The results of the skin biopsy revealed abnormal cells, prompting further tests to diagnose melanoma. 

Los resultados de la biopsia de piel revelaron células anormales, lo que llevó a realizar más pruebas para diagnosticar melanoma.

diagnostic
diagnostic
[Adjetivo]

related to identifying or determining the presence of an illness or problem by analyzing various symptoms or signs

diagnóstico

diagnóstico

Ex: The laboratory performed diagnostic screenings to detect abnormalities in the blood sample. 

El laboratorio realizó pruebas diagnósticas para detectar anomalías en la muestra de sangre.

prognosis
prognosis
[Sustantivo]

a professional opinion regarding the likely course of an illness

pronóstico

pronóstico

Ex: The prognosis for patients with untreated tuberculosis can be poor if the infection spreads to vital organs. 

El pronóstico para los pacientes con tuberculosis no tratada puede ser pobre si la infección se extiende a órganos vitales.

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