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مفردات لاختبار IELTS Academic (الدرجة 6-7) - Government

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
to govern
to govern
[فعل]

to officially have the control and authority to rule over a country and manage its affairs

يحكم, يدير

يحكم, يدير

Ex: Elected leaders govern the nation, making decisions for the welfare of its citizens. 
to rule
to rule
[فعل]

to control and be in charge of a country

حكم, سيطر

حكم, سيطر

Ex: The monarch ruled the kingdom with absolute authority. 
to elect
to elect
[فعل]

to choose a person for a specific job, particularly a political one, by voting

ينتخب, يختار بالتصويت

ينتخب, يختار بالتصويت

Ex: Citizens will elect a new mayor in the upcoming municipal elections. 
delegation
delegation
[اسم]

the process of assigning authority, responsibility, or tasks from a higher authority to a lower-ranking individual or entity to carry out specific duties or functions on their behalf

تفويض, نقل المسؤولية

تفويض, نقل المسؤولية

Ex: The mayor's delegation of budgetary decisions to the city council streamlined the governance process. 
to negotiate
to negotiate
[فعل]

to discuss the terms of an agreement or try to reach one

يتفاوض, يناقش

يتفاوض, يناقش

Ex: The diplomats spent days negotiating the terms of the peace treaty between the two countries. 
to consult
to consult
[فعل]

to seek advice, information, or guidance from someone who is extremely knowledgeable or skilled in a specific area

استشار, طلب المشورة من

استشار, طلب المشورة من

Ex: She decided to consult her lawyer about the legal implications of the contract before signing it. 
to overthrow
to overthrow
[فعل]

to forcefully remove a person of authority or power from their position

الإطاحة, عزل

الإطاحة, عزل

Ex: The citizens united to overthrow the corrupt leader and establish a new government. 
senator
senator
[اسم]

a person elected to serve in a Senate, the upper house of a legislature

سيناتور, سيناتور

سيناتور, سيناتور

Ex: The senator spoke about new healthcare legislation. 
mayor
mayor
[اسم]

someone who is elected to be the head of a town or city

عمدة, رئيس البلدية

عمدة, رئيس البلدية

Ex: The mayor announced new plans for public transportation. 
councillor
councillor
[اسم]

an elected official in local government, representing and making decisions for their community

مستشار, عضو المجلس المحلي

مستشار, عضو المجلس المحلي

Ex: The councillor proposed a new initiative to improve public transportation in the city. 
diplomat
diplomat
[اسم]

an individual skilled in handling delicate situations with diplomacy and tact, often navigating complex relationships or negotiations with finesse and discretion

دبلوماسي, مفاوض

دبلوماسي, مفاوض

Ex: Sarah is a diplomat in our office; she always knows how to approach difficult conversations with sensitivity and tact. 
ambassador
ambassador
[اسم]

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

سفير, مبعوث

سفير, مبعوث

Ex: The ambassador hosted a reception at the embassy to strengthen diplomatic relations between the two nations. 
bureaucrat
bureaucrat
[اسم]

a government official or employee who works within a bureaucratic system, typically involved in implementing and administering government policies and procedures

بيروقراطي, موظف حكومي

بيروقراطي, موظف حكومي

Ex: The bureaucrat processed the paperwork required for citizens to obtain government services. 
commissioner
commissioner
[اسم]

a person appointed or elected to a position of authority, often within a government or organization, responsible for overseeing and managing specific areas of policy, administration, or regulation

مفوض, مفوض عام

مفوض, مفوض عام

Ex: The commissioner of police oversees law enforcement operations within the city. 
bureaucracy
bureaucracy
[اسم]

a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed

البيروقراطية, الإدارة البيروقراطية

البيروقراطية, الإدارة البيروقراطية

Ex: Within a bureaucracy, officials are employed based on expertise rather than being chosen through popular votes. 
legislature
legislature
[اسم]

a group of elected officials responsible for making and changing laws in a government or state

الهيئة التشريعية, المجلس التشريعي

الهيئة التشريعية, المجلس التشريعي

Ex: The legislature passed new laws to protect the environment. 
assembly
assembly
[اسم]

the act of gathering together to achieve a common goal

جمعية,  اجتماع

جمعية, اجتماع

spokesperson
spokesperson
[اسم]

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

المتحدث الرسمي, ممثل

المتحدث الرسمي, ممثل

Ex: The spokesperson for the company issued a statement addressing the recent controversy. 
treaty
treaty
[اسم]

an official agreement between two or more governments or states

معاهدة

معاهدة

Ex: The two countries signed a peace treaty to end decades of conflict and establish diplomatic relations. 
sanction
sanction
[اسم]

an order officially put to limit contact or trade with a particular country that has not obeyed international law

عقوبة, إجراء تقييدي

عقوبة, إجراء تقييدي

Ex: The government imposed economic sanctions on the country for violating international agreements. 
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