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Từ vựng cho IELTS Academic (Điểm 6-7) - Government

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
to govern
to govern
[Động từ]

to officially have the control and authority to rule over a country and manage its affairs

cai trị, quản lý

cai trị, quản lý

Ex: Elected leaders govern the nation, making decisions for the welfare of its citizens. 
to rule
to rule
[Động từ]

to control and be in charge of a country

cai trị, thống trị

cai trị, thống trị

Ex: The monarch ruled the kingdom with absolute authority. 
to elect
to elect
[Động từ]

to choose a person for a specific job, particularly a political one, by voting

bầu chọn, chọn bằng cách bỏ phiếu

bầu chọn, chọn bằng cách bỏ phiếu

Ex: Citizens will elect a new mayor in the upcoming municipal elections. 
delegation
delegation
[Danh từ]

the process of assigning authority, responsibility, or tasks from a higher authority to a lower-ranking individual or entity to carry out specific duties or functions on their behalf

ủy quyền, chuyển giao trách nhiệm

ủy quyền, chuyển giao trách nhiệm

Ex: The mayor's delegation of budgetary decisions to the city council streamlined the governance process. 
to negotiate
to negotiate
[Động từ]

to discuss the terms of an agreement or try to reach one

đàm phán, thương lượng

đàm phán, thương lượng

Ex: The diplomats spent days negotiating the terms of the peace treaty between the two countries. 
to consult
to consult
[Động từ]

to seek advice, information, or guidance from someone who is extremely knowledgeable or skilled in a specific area

tham khảo, xin lời khuyên từ

tham khảo, xin lời khuyên từ

Ex: She decided to consult her lawyer about the legal implications of the contract before signing it. 
to overthrow
to overthrow
[Động từ]

to forcefully remove a person of authority or power from their position

lật đổ, phế truất

lật đổ, phế truất

Ex: The citizens united to overthrow the corrupt leader and establish a new government. 
senator
senator
[Danh từ]

a person elected to serve in a Senate, the upper house of a legislature

thượng nghị sĩ, thượng nghị sĩ

thượng nghị sĩ, thượng nghị sĩ

Ex: The senator spoke about new healthcare legislation. 
mayor
mayor
[Danh từ]

someone who is elected to be the head of a town or city

thị trưởng, chủ tịch thành phố

thị trưởng, chủ tịch thành phố

Ex: The mayor announced new plans for public transportation. 
councillor
councillor
[Danh từ]

an elected official in local government, representing and making decisions for their community

ủy viên hội đồng, nghị viên địa phương

ủy viên hội đồng, nghị viên địa phương

Ex: The councillor proposed a new initiative to improve public transportation in the city. 
diplomat
diplomat
[Danh từ]

an individual skilled in handling delicate situations with diplomacy and tact, often navigating complex relationships or negotiations with finesse and discretion

nhà ngoại giao, người đàm phán

nhà ngoại giao, người đàm phán

Ex: Sarah is a diplomat in our office; she always knows how to approach difficult conversations with sensitivity and tact. 
ambassador
ambassador
[Danh từ]

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

đại sứ, sứ giả

đại sứ, sứ giả

Ex: The ambassador hosted a reception at the embassy to strengthen diplomatic relations between the two nations. 
bureaucrat
bureaucrat
[Danh từ]

a government official or employee who works within a bureaucratic system, typically involved in implementing and administering government policies and procedures

quan liêu, công chức

quan liêu, công chức

Ex: The bureaucrat processed the paperwork required for citizens to obtain government services. 
commissioner
commissioner
[Danh từ]

a person appointed or elected to a position of authority, often within a government or organization, responsible for overseeing and managing specific areas of policy, administration, or regulation

ủy viên, trưởng ban

ủy viên, trưởng ban

Ex: The commissioner of police oversees law enforcement operations within the city. 
bureaucracy
bureaucracy
[Danh từ]

a system of government that is controlled by officials who are not elected rather employed

bộ máy quan liêu, hệ thống hành chính quan liêu

bộ máy quan liêu, hệ thống hành chính quan liêu

Ex: Within a bureaucracy, officials are employed based on expertise rather than being chosen through popular votes. 
legislature
legislature
[Danh từ]

a group of elected officials responsible for making and changing laws in a government or state

cơ quan lập pháp, quốc hội

cơ quan lập pháp, quốc hội

Ex: The legislature passed new laws to protect the environment. 
assembly
assembly
[Danh từ]

the act of gathering together to achieve a common goal

hội nghị,  cuộc họp

hội nghị, cuộc họp

spokesperson
spokesperson
[Danh từ]

a person who speaks formally for an organization, government, etc.

người phát ngôn, đại diện

người phát ngôn, đại diện

Ex: The spokesperson for the company issued a statement addressing the recent controversy. 
treaty
treaty
[Danh từ]

an official agreement between two or more governments or states

hiệp ước

hiệp ước

Ex: The two countries signed a peace treaty to end decades of conflict and establish diplomatic relations. 
sanction
sanction
[Danh từ]

an order officially put to limit contact or trade with a particular country that has not obeyed international law

lệnh trừng phạt, biện pháp hạn chế

lệnh trừng phạt, biện pháp hạn chế

Ex: The government imposed economic sanctions on the country for violating international agreements. 
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