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Pokročilá Slovní Zásoba pro TOEFL - Art

Zde se dozvíte některá anglická slovíčka o umění, jako je „somber“, „rococo“, „formalism“ atd., která jsou potřebná ke zkoušce TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
concrete
[Přídavné jméno]

real and tangible, existing in physical form that can be sensed or experienced

konkrétní, hmatatelný

konkrétní, hmatatelný

Ex: The architect sketched out plans for concrete structure , outlining every detail .
figurative
[Přídavné jméno]

representing people, animals and objects and forms as they appear in the real world

figuratívní, figurální

figuratívní, figurální

Ex: Figurative art often tells a story through realistic imagery .
monochrome
[Přídavné jméno]

(of a picture or photograph) containing or portraying images in black and white or different shades of a single color only

monochromatický, jednobarevný

monochromatický, jednobarevný

Ex: The monochrome design of the website used only blue tones to maintain a cohesive look.
lowbrow
[Přídavné jméno]

intended for those who have little knowledge about culture and serious art

nízkokulturní, naivní

nízkokulturní, naivní

somber
[Přídavné jméno]

dark and gloomy in color, especially gray or black

temný, pochmurný

temný, pochmurný

Ex: somber color scheme of the room created a solemn ambiance .
sublime
[Přídavné jméno]

having exceptional beauty or excellence

vznešený, nádherný

vznešený, nádherný

Ex: sublime tranquility of the forest was a welcome escape from the hustle and bustle of city life .
Baroque
[Podstatné jméno]

an ornate and grand style of art, music, and architecture present in the 17th and early 18th centuries in Europe

baroko, barokní styl

baroko, barokní styl

Ex: The Baroque period was a time of great artistic innovation and cultural achievement, leaving a lasting legacy of grandeur and opulence in European art, music, and architecture.
Rococo
[Podstatné jméno]

an elaborate and heavily decorated style of art, architecture, and furniture with asymmetrical patterns that was prevalent in Europe in the 18th century

rokoko, rokokový styl

rokoko, rokokový styl

Ex: The art historian gave a fascinating lecture on Rococo era , highlighting how the style reflected the social and cultural shifts of 18th-century Europe .
classicism
[Podstatné jméno]

a style of art and literature associated with harmony, simplicity, and beauty based on the standards of ancient Greece and Rome, Classicism was popular in Europe from the Renaissance to the 18th century

klasicismus, klasicistní styl

klasicismus, klasicistní styl

Ex: The museum 's collection includes several masterpieces classicism.
Dada
[Podstatné jméno]

an early 20th-century movement in art, literature, music, and cinema, renouncing and satirizing artistic and social traditions and highlighting the illogical and absurd as a way of protest

dadaismus, dada

dadaismus, dada

expressionism
[Podstatné jméno]

a style and movement of art, music, and literature in the early 20th century that expresses extreme feelings and emotions instead of showing events or objects in a realistic manner

expresionismus, expresionistické umění

expresionismus, expresionistické umění

impressionism
[Podstatné jméno]

a movement in painting originated in 19th-century France that uses light and color in a way that gives an impression rather than a detailed representation of the subject

impresionismus, impresionistický směr

impresionismus, impresionistický směr

Ex: His latest painting, with its emphasis on capturing the play of light and color, was clearly influenced by the techniques of Impressionism.
formalism
[Podstatné jméno]

an artistic or literary style that considers the rules and proper arrangement of the elements as being the most fundamental factor in comparison with expressing feelings or meaning

formalismus, formální styl

formalismus, formální styl

mannerism
[Podstatné jméno]

a European style of art in the late 16th century characterized by hyper-idealization and distorted human forms

manýrismus, mannerismus

manýrismus, mannerismus

Ex: Mannerism's exaggerated style and theatrical flair appealed to the tastes of the aristocracy and elite patrons of the late Renaissance period.
minimalism
[Podstatné jméno]

‌a style of art, music, or design that arose in the 1950s and is associated with simplicity and uses only a limited number of elements

minimalismus, minimalistický styl

minimalismus, minimalistický styl

Ex: Minimalism in music often features repetitive structures .
neoclassicism
[Podstatné jméno]

a style of art, literature, music, or architecture that imitates the style practiced in ancient Greece and Rome

neoklasicismus, neoklasika

neoklasicismus, neoklasika

Ex: Neoclassicism experienced a revival in the 19th century, with artists and architects across Europe and the Americas embracing classical ideals in their work.
naturalism
[Podstatné jméno]

a literary and artistic movement initiated in the late 19th century, marked by the accurate depiction of detail

naturalismus, přirozenost

naturalismus, přirozenost

postmodernism
[Podstatné jméno]

a movement and style in art, literature, architecture, etc. in the 20th century, which reacted against modernism and is usually marked by a return to earlier styles and inclusion of features from various periods

postmodernismus, postmoderní hnutí

postmodernismus, postmoderní hnutí

to daub
[sloveso]

to spread a sticky substance such as mud, paint, etc. on a surface in a careless way

natřít, opatřit

natřít, opatřit

Ex: daubed adhesive onto the back of the wallpaper before applying it to the wall .
to etch
[sloveso]

to cut or carve designs or writings on a hard surface, often using acid or a laser beam

ryt, vryť

ryt, vryť

Ex: The glass etched a beautiful design onto the transparent surface .
bricolage
[Podstatné jméno]

the process of artfully constructing something by means of different objects that are easily accessible

brikolaž, zátiší

brikolaž, zátiší

Ex: The DIY enthusiast transformed an old pallet into bricolage of furniture pieces , including a coffee table , shelves , and a headboard , showcasing their ingenuity and craftsmanship .
composition
[Podstatné jméno]

the artistic arrangement of people and objects in a painting or picture

kompozice, uspořádání

kompozice, uspořádání

installation
[Podstatné jméno]

a form of modern sculpture constructed using sound, light, movement, etc. as well as objects, often as a temporary piece of art

instalace, umělecká instalace

instalace, umělecká instalace

fresco
[Podstatné jméno]

a technique of mural painting that is done by putting watercolor on wet plaster on a wall or ceiling

freska, malba na mokrý štuk

freska, malba na mokrý štuk

Ex: Visitors marveled at frescoes adorning the walls of the ancient villa , marveling at the skill and artistry of the painters who had created them centuries ago .
grotesque
[Podstatné jméno]

a style of art that is characterized by distortion of figures and interweaving animals, humans, and plants

groteska, grotesko

groteska, grotesko

mural
[Podstatné jméno]

a large painting done on a wall

nástěnná malba, freska

nástěnná malba, freska

Ex: The ancient cave paintings discovered in France are some of the earliest known examples murals depicting daily life and hunting scenes .
diptych
[Podstatné jméno]

a painting or engraving done on two separate pieces of wood that are hinged and can be closed like a book, usually used as an altarpiece

diptých, dvoukřídlý oltář

diptých, dvoukřídlý oltář

easel
[Podstatné jméno]

a wooden frame, usually a tripod, that an artist uses to support a canvas

malířský stojan, stojan na plátno

malířský stojan, stojan na plátno

tempera
[Podstatné jméno]

a kind of pigment that is mixed with water or egg yolk in order to be painted on a canvas, paper, etc.

temperová barva, temperový pigment

temperová barva, temperový pigment

cityscape
[Podstatné jméno]

a painting or photograph representing a city or an urban area

městský obraz, panorama města

městský obraz, panorama města

avant-garde
[Podstatné jméno]

a progressive group of artists, musicians, etc. introducing modern and radical forms and styles, usually shocking the audience

avantgarda, předvoj

avantgarda, předvoj

connoisseur
[Podstatné jméno]

an individual who is an expert of art, food, music, etc. and can judge its quality

odborník, znalec

odborník, znalec

Ex: The connoisseur curated a playlist spanning genres and eras , showcasing lesser-known gems alongside timeless classics for an eclectic listening experience .
conservator
[Podstatné jméno]

an organization or a person who is responsible for preserving, repairing, or restoring works of art, cultural sites, or other types of historical heritage

konzervátor, ochránce kulturního dědictví

konzervátor, ochránce kulturního dědictví

muse
[Podstatné jméno]

a source of inspiration for an artist or author that gives them ideas or motivates them to create works of art

múza, inspirace

múza, inspirace

Ex: The changing seasons were muse, each one evoking new colors and textures in her artwork .
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