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Vocabolario Avanzato per il TOEFL - Arte

Qui imparerai alcune parole inglesi sull'arte, come "cupo", "rococò", "formalismo", ecc., necessarie per l'esame TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
concrete
[aggettivo]

real and tangible, existing in physical form that can be sensed or experienced

concreto

concreto

Ex: The architect sketched out plans for the concrete structure , outlining every detail .L'architetto ha abbozzato i piani per la struttura **concreta**, delineando ogni dettaglio.
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figurative
[aggettivo]

representing people, animals and objects and forms as they appear in the real world

figurato

figurato

Ex: Figurative art often tells a story through realistic imagery .L'arte **figurativa** spesso racconta una storia attraverso immagini realistiche.
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monochrome
[aggettivo]

(of a picture or photograph) containing or portraying images in black and white or different shades of a single color only

monocromatico

monocromatico

Ex: The monochrome design of the website used only blue tones to maintain a cohesive look.Il design **monocromatico** del sito web utilizzava solo tonalità blu per mantenere un aspetto coerente.
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lowbrow
[aggettivo]

intended for those who have little knowledge about culture and serious art

volgare

volgare

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somber
[aggettivo]

dark and gloomy in color, especially gray or black

cupo, triste

cupo, triste

Ex: The somber color scheme of the room created a solemn ambiance .La combinazione di colori **cupa** della stanza creava un'atmosfera solenne.
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sublime
[aggettivo]

having exceptional beauty or excellence

sublime

sublime

Ex: The sublime tranquility of the forest was a welcome escape from the hustle and bustle of city life .La tranquillità **sublime** della foresta era una piacevole fuga dal trambusto della vita cittadina.
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Baroque
[sostantivo]

an ornate and grand style of art, music, and architecture present in the 17th and early 18th centuries in Europe

Barocco

Barocco

Ex: The Baroque period was a time of great artistic innovation and cultural achievement, leaving a lasting legacy of grandeur and opulence in European art, music, and architecture.Il periodo **barocco** fu un'epoca di grande innovazione artistica e realizzazione culturale, lasciando un'eredità duratura di grandezza e opulenza nell'arte, nella musica e nell'architettura europea.
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Rococo
[sostantivo]

an elaborate and heavily decorated style of art, architecture, and furniture with asymmetrical patterns that was prevalent in Europe in the 18th century

rococo

rococo

Ex: The art historian gave a fascinating lecture on the Rococo era , highlighting how the style reflected the social and cultural shifts of 18th-century Europe .Lo storico dell'arte ha tenuto un'affascinante lezione sull'era **Rococò**, sottolineando come lo stile riflettesse i cambiamenti sociali e culturali dell'Europa del XVIII secolo.
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classicism
[sostantivo]

a style of art and literature associated with harmony, simplicity, and beauty based on the standards of ancient Greece and Rome, Classicism was popular in Europe from the Renaissance to the 18th century

classicismo

classicismo

Ex: The museum 's collection includes several masterpieces of classicism.La collezione del museo include diversi capolavori del **classicismo**.
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Dada
[sostantivo]

an early 20th-century movement in art, literature, music, and cinema, renouncing and satirizing artistic and social traditions and highlighting the illogical and absurd as a way of protest

papà

papà

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expressionism
[sostantivo]

a style and movement of art, music, and literature in the early 20th century that expresses extreme feelings and emotions instead of showing events or objects in a realistic manner

espressionismo

espressionismo

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impressionism
[sostantivo]

a movement in painting originated in 19th-century France that uses light and color in a way that gives an impression rather than a detailed representation of the subject

impressionismo

impressionismo

Ex: His latest painting, with its emphasis on capturing the play of light and color, was clearly influenced by the techniques of Impressionism.Il suo ultimo dipinto, con la sua enfasi nel catturare il gioco di luce e colore, è stato chiaramente influenzato dalle tecniche dell'**impressionismo**.
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formalism
[sostantivo]

an artistic or literary style that considers the rules and proper arrangement of the elements as being the most fundamental factor in comparison with expressing feelings or meaning

formalismo

formalismo

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mannerism
[sostantivo]

a European style of art in the late 16th century characterized by hyper-idealization and distorted human forms

manierismo

manierismo

Ex: Mannerism's exaggerated style and theatrical flair appealed to the tastes of the aristocracy and elite patrons of the late Renaissance period.Lo stile esagerato e il flair teatrale del **manierismo** hanno appagato i gusti dell'aristocrazia e dei mecenati d'élite del tardo Rinascimento.
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minimalism
[sostantivo]

‌a style of art, music, or design that arose in the 1950s and is associated with simplicity and uses only a limited number of elements

minimalismo

minimalismo

Ex: Minimalism in music often features repetitive structures .Il **minimalismo** nella musica spesso presenta strutture ripetitive.
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neoclassicism
[sostantivo]

a style of art, literature, music, or architecture that imitates the style practiced in ancient Greece and Rome

neoclassicismo

neoclassicismo

Ex: Neoclassicism experienced a revival in the 19th century, with artists and architects across Europe and the Americas embracing classical ideals in their work.
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naturalism
[sostantivo]

a literary and artistic movement initiated in the late 19th century, marked by the accurate depiction of detail

naturalismo

naturalismo

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postmodernism
[sostantivo]

a movement and style in art, literature, architecture, etc. in the 20th century, which reacted against modernism and is usually marked by a return to earlier styles and inclusion of features from various periods

postmodernismo

postmodernismo

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to daub
[Verbo]

to spread a sticky substance such as mud, paint, etc. on a surface in a careless way

splamare

splamare

Ex: They daubed adhesive onto the back of the wallpaper before applying it to the wall .Hanno **spalmato** l'adesivo sul retro della carta da parati prima di applicarla al muro.
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to etch
[Verbo]

to cut or carve designs or writings on a hard surface, often using acid or a laser beam

incidere

incidere

Ex: The glass artist etched a beautiful design onto the transparent surface .L'artista del vetro **incise** un bel disegno sulla superficie trasparente.
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bricolage
[sostantivo]

the process of artfully constructing something by means of different objects that are easily accessible

bricoler

bricoler

Ex: The DIY enthusiast transformed an old pallet into a bricolage of furniture pieces , including a coffee table , shelves , and a headboard , showcasing their ingenuity and craftsmanship .L'appassionato del fai da te ha trasformato un vecchio pallet in un **bricolage** di mobili, tra cui un tavolino, scaffali e una testiera, dimostrando la loro ingegnosità e maestria.
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composition
[sostantivo]

the artistic arrangement of people and objects in a painting or picture

composizione

composizione

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installation
[sostantivo]

a form of modern sculpture constructed using sound, light, movement, etc. as well as objects, often as a temporary piece of art

installazione

installazione

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fresco
[sostantivo]

a technique of mural painting that is done by putting watercolor on wet plaster on a wall or ceiling

affresco

affresco

Ex: Visitors marveled at the frescoes adorning the walls of the ancient villa , marveling at the skill and artistry of the painters who had created them centuries ago .I visitatori hanno ammirato gli **affreschi** che adornavano le pareti dell'antica villa, meravigliandosi dell'abilità e dell'arte dei pittori che li avevano creati secoli fa.
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grotesque
[sostantivo]

a style of art that is characterized by distortion of figures and interweaving animals, humans, and plants

grottesco

grottesco

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mural
[sostantivo]

a large painting done on a wall

murale

murale

Ex: The ancient cave paintings discovered in France are some of the earliest known examples of murals depicting daily life and hunting scenes .Gli antichi dipinti rupestri scoperti in Francia sono alcuni dei primi esempi conosciuti di **murales** che raffigurano la vita quotidiana e scene di caccia.
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diptych
[sostantivo]

a painting or engraving done on two separate pieces of wood that are hinged and can be closed like a book, usually used as an altarpiece

dittico

dittico

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easel
[sostantivo]

a wooden frame, usually a tripod, that an artist uses to support a canvas

cavalletto

cavalletto

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tempera
[sostantivo]

a kind of pigment that is mixed with water or egg yolk in order to be painted on a canvas, paper, etc.

tempera

tempera

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cityscape
[sostantivo]

a painting or photograph representing a city or an urban area

paesaggio urbano

paesaggio urbano

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avant-garde
[sostantivo]

a progressive group of artists, musicians, etc. introducing modern and radical forms and styles, usually shocking the audience

avanguardia

avanguardia

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connoisseur
[sostantivo]

an individual who is an expert of art, food, music, etc. and can judge its quality

conoscitore

conoscitore

Ex: The music connoisseur curated a playlist spanning genres and eras , showcasing lesser-known gems alongside timeless classics for an eclectic listening experience .Il **conoscitore** di musica ha curato una playlist che abbraccia generi ed epoche, mostrando gemme meno conosciute accanto a classici senza tempo per un'esperienza d'ascolto eclettica.
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conservator
[sostantivo]

an organization or a person who is responsible for preserving, repairing, or restoring works of art, cultural sites, or other types of historical heritage

restauratore

restauratore

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muse
[sostantivo]

a source of inspiration for an artist or author that gives them ideas or motivates them to create works of art

musa

musa

Ex: The changing seasons were her muse, each one evoking new colors and textures in her artwork .Le stagioni che cambiavano erano la sua **musa**, ognuna delle quali evocava nuovi colori e texture nella sua opera d'arte.
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