واژگان سطح پیشرفته برای TOEFL - Art

real and tangible, existing in physical form that can be sensed or experienced

واقعی و ملموس

representing people, animals and objects and forms as they appear in the real world

فیگوراتیو (هنر)

(of a picture or photograph) containing or portraying images in black and white or different shades of a single color only

تک‌رنگ

intended for those who have little knowledge about culture and serious art

عامه‌پسند

dark and gloomy in color, especially gray or black

تیره و کدر

having exceptional beauty or excellence

فوق‌العاده‌زیبا

an ornate and grand style of art, music, and architecture present in the 17th and early 18th centuries in Europe

سبک باروک

an elaborate and heavily decorated style of art, architecture, and furniture with asymmetrical patterns that was prevalent in Europe in the 18th century

روکوکو

a style of art and literature associated with harmony, simplicity, and beauty based on the standards of ancient Greece and Rome, Classicism was popular in Europe from the Renaissance to the 18th century

هنر کلاسیک

an early 20th-century movement in art, literature, music, and cinema, renouncing and satirizing artistic and social traditions and highlighting the illogical and absurd as a way of protest

مکتب دادا (جنبش هنری)

a style and movement of art, music, and literature in the early 20th century that expresses extreme feelings and emotions instead of showing events or objects in a realistic manner

هیجان‌نمایی

a movement in painting originated in 19th-century France that uses light and color in a way that gives an impression rather than a detailed representation of the subject

امپرسیونیسم

an artistic or literary style that considers the rules and proper arrangement of the elements as being the most fundamental factor in comparison with expressing feelings or meaning

فرمالیسم (مکتب هنری)

a European style of art in the late 16th century characterized by hyper-idealization and distorted human forms

شیوه‌گرایی

‌a style of art, music, or design that arose in the 1950s and is associated with simplicity and uses only a limited number of elements

کمینه‌گرایی

a style of art, literature, music, or architecture that imitates the style practiced in ancient Greece and Rome

نوکلاسیسیسم

a literary and artistic movement initiated in the late 19th century, marked by the accurate depiction of detail

ناتورالیسم

a movement and style in art, literature, architecture, etc. in the 20th century, which reacted against modernism and is usually marked by a return to earlier styles and inclusion of features from various periods

پسامدرنیسم

to spread a sticky substance such as mud, paint, etc. on a surface in a careless way

ناشیانه رنگ‌زدن

to cut or carve designs or writings on a hard surface, often using acid or a laser beam

حکاکی کردن

the process of artfully constructing something by means of different objects that are easily accessible

ساختن چیزی از مواد در دسترس

the artistic arrangement of people and objects in a painting or picture

ترکیب‌بندی (نقاشی، تصویر)

a form of modern sculpture constructed using sound, light, movement, etc. as well as objects, often as a temporary piece of art

نوعی مجسمه مدرن

a technique of mural painting that is done by putting watercolor on wet plaster on a wall or ceiling

فرسکو

a style of art that is characterized by distortion of figures and interweaving animals, humans, and plants

گروتسک

a large painting done on a wall

نقاشی دیواری

a painting or engraving done on two separate pieces of wood that are hinged and can be closed like a book, usually used as an altarpiece

دولوحی

a wooden frame, usually a tripod, that an artist uses to support a canvas

سه‌پایه نقاشی

a kind of pigment that is mixed with water or egg yolk in order to be painted on a canvas, paper, etc.

چسب‌رنگ

a painting or photograph representing a city or an urban area

منظره شهری

a progressive group of artists, musicians, etc. introducing modern and radical forms and styles, usually shocking the audience

پیشرو

an individual who is an expert of art, food, music, etc. and can judge its quality

خبره

an organization or a person who is responsible for preserving, repairing, or restoring works of art, cultural sites, or other types of historical heritage

مسئول نگهداری (آثار هنری و...)

a source of inspiration for an artist or author that gives them ideas or motivates them to create works of art

منبع الهام