Vocabulario Esencial para el TOEFL - Condiciones Físicas y Lesiones

a medical condition in which one's body severely reacts to a specific substance if it is inhaled, touched, or ingested

alergia

the feeling of discomfort in the stomach, often with the urge to vomit

náusea

an injury inflicted to the body especially one that seriously damages the skin or the flesh

herida

an injury on the skin that appears as a dark mark, caused by a blow involving the rupture of vessels underneath

moradura

a mark that is left on one's skin after a wound or cut has healed

cicatriz

a severe recurring type of headache, particularly affecting one side of the head, and often causing visual disturbances and nausea

migraña, jaqueca

the condition of having such a high amount of body fat that it becomes very dangerous for one's health

obesidad

not able to stop taking or using something

adicto

to give or take an excessive amount of a drug at a given time, which could be fatal

tomar una sobredosis de

(of a person) unresponsive and unaware of the surroundings, typically caused by either an illness or injury

inconsciente, sin sentido

to eject what has been eaten or drunk through the mouth

vomitar, devolver

unable to keep one's balance and feeling as though everything is circling around one, caused by an illness or looking down from a high place

mareado

to suddenly lose consciousness from a lack of oxygen in the brain, which is caused by a shock, etc.

desmayarse, sufrir un desmayo

an attack caused by an illness such as epilepsy, resulting in unconsciousness and violent movements of the body

ataque, síncope

to become rounder or larger, particularly due to an increase in the amount of fluid

hincharse

to slightly shake as a result of feeling cold, scared, etc.

temblar, estremecerse

to become sick again after an improvement in one's health

recaer

(of a person) to fall and usually become unconscious due to illness

sufrir un colapso

a state of deep unconsciousness, typically of a long duration and caused by a serious injury or severe illness

coma

the unexpected start of something terrible, such as a disease

brote

to transmit a disease to a person, animal, or plant

infectar

having or caused by a fever

con fiebre

a harmful state in which the body has lost a lot of water

deshidratación

a secondary health condition that makes the treatment of the existing condition harder

complicación

to start to have a particular disease or problem

desarrollar, contraer

very bad, harsh, or intense

severo, duro

(of an illness) suddenly becoming severe but for a short time

agudo

a small cut on the skin caused by something sharp, like a fingernail, thorn, or rough surface

arañazo, rasguño

(of a ligament) to be suddenly twisted, which results in much pain

torcerse, hacerse un esguince en

a mark or injury that is caused by exposure to fire, acid, heat, etc.

quemadura

severe physical or mental pain

dolor agudo

the rapid spread of an infectious disease within a specific population, community, or region, affecting a significant number of individuals at the same time

epidemia

a disease that spreads across a large region or even across the world

pandemia