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Vocabulaire Essentiel pour le TOEFL - Conditions Physiques et Blessures

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais sur les conditions physiques et les blessures, tels que "blessure", "obésité", "étourdissement", etc., nécessaires pour l'examen TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
allergy
[nom]

a medical condition in which one's body severely reacts to a specific substance if it is inhaled, touched, or ingested

allergie

allergie

Ex: After coming into contact with the cat , she experienced an allergic reaction due to her pet allergy.Après être entrée en contact avec le chat, elle a subi une réaction allergique en raison de son **allergie** aux animaux.
nausea
[nom]

the feeling of discomfort in the stomach, often with the urge to vomit

nausée

nausée

Ex: Nausea is a common side effect of chemotherapy treatment .Les **nausées** sont un effet secondaire courant du traitement par chimiothérapie.
wound
[nom]

an injury inflicted on the body especially one that seriously damages the skin or the flesh

blessure

blessure

Ex: Even after years , the old wound still ached in cold weather .
bruise
[nom]

an injury on the skin that appears as a dark mark, caused by a blow involving the rupture of vessels underneath

bleu, contusion

bleu, contusion

Ex: He was embarrassed to show his friends the bruise on his side , a reminder of his clumsiness during a recent soccer match .Il était gêné de montrer à ses amis l'**ecchymose** sur son côté, un rappel de sa maladresse lors d'un récent match de football.
scar
[nom]

a mark that is left on one's skin after a wound or cut has healed

cicatrice, balafre

cicatrice, balafre

Ex: Scars may also carry emotional significance , serving as reminders of past experiences or trauma .Les **cicatrices** peuvent également avoir une signification émotionnelle, servant de rappel d'expériences passées ou de traumatismes.

a severe recurring type of headache, particularly affecting one side of the head, and often causing visual disturbances and nausea

migraine

migraine

Ex: She ’s trying to avoid triggers that could cause a migraine, like certain foods .Elle essaie d'éviter les déclencheurs qui pourraient causer une **migraine**, comme certains aliments.
obesity
[nom]

the condition of having such a high amount of body fat that it becomes very dangerous for one's health

obésité

obésité

Ex: Addressing obesity requires a multifaceted approach that includes promoting healthy eating habits , regular physical activity , and community-wide initiatives .Aborder **l'obésité** nécessite une approche multidimensionnelle qui inclut la promotion d'habitudes alimentaires saines, une activité physique régulière et des initiatives à l'échelle de la communauté.
dependent
[Adjectif]

not able to stop taking or using something

dépendant

dépendant

Ex: Some people become dependent on their phones for constant stimulation.Certaines personnes deviennent **dépendantes** de leurs téléphones pour une stimulation constante.

to give or take an excessive amount of a drug at a given time, which could be fatal

faire une overdose

faire une overdose

unconscious
[Adjectif]

(of a person) unresponsive and unaware of the surroundings, usually due to an illness or injury

sans connaissance, évanoui

sans connaissance, évanoui

Ex: The accident left him unconscious and unable to react .L'accident l'a laissé **inconscient** et incapable de réagir.
to vomit
[verbe]

to eject what has been eaten or drunk through the mouth

vomir

vomir

Ex: Right now , she is feeling nauseous and might be vomiting soon .En ce moment, elle se sent nauséeuse et pourrait bientôt **vomir**.
dizzy
[Adjectif]

unable to keep one's balance and feeling as though everything is circling around one, caused by an illness or looking down from a high place

avoir la tête qui tourne, pris de vertige

avoir la tête qui tourne, pris de vertige

Ex: Certain medications may cause side effects like dizziness and drowsiness in some patients.Certains médicaments peuvent provoquer des effets secondaires comme des étourdissements et de la somnolence chez certains patients.
to faint
[verbe]

to suddenly lose consciousness from a lack of oxygen in the brain, which is caused by a shock, etc.

s'évanouir

s'évanouir

Ex: Last night , he unexpectedly fainted during the scary movie .Hier soir, il a **perdu connaissance** de manière inattendue pendant le film d'horreur.
fit
[nom]

an attack caused by an illness such as epilepsy, resulting in unconsciousness and violent movements of the body

crise, attaque

crise, attaque

to swell
[verbe]

to become rounder or larger, particularly due to an increase in the amount of fluid

enfler, gonfler

enfler, gonfler

Ex: After the long flight , his ankles swelled due to poor circulation .Après le long vol, ses chevilles **gonflèrent** en raison d'une mauvaise circulation.
to shiver
[verbe]

to slightly shake as a result of feeling cold, scared, etc.

frissonner, trembler

frissonner, trembler

to relapse
[verbe]

to become sick again after an improvement in one's health

faire une rechute, rechuter

faire une rechute, rechuter

(of a person) to fall and become unconscious

s'effondrer, tomber inconscient

s'effondrer, tomber inconscient

Ex: The flu weakened her to the point that she had to be hospitalized after collapsing at home .La grippe l'a affaiblie au point qu'elle a dû être hospitalisée après s'être **effondrée** à la maison.
coma
[nom]

a state of deep unconsciousness, typically of a long duration and caused by a serious injury or severe illness

coma

coma

Ex: The medical team worked hard to determine the cause of his coma.L'équipe médicale a travaillé dur pour déterminer la cause de son **coma**.

the unexpected start of something terrible, such as a disease

épidémie

épidémie

Ex: The outbreak of wildfires prompted emergency evacuations across the region .**L'éclosion** des incendies de forêt a provoqué des évacuations d'urgence dans toute la région.
to infect
[verbe]

to transmit a disease to a person, animal, or plant

infecter, contaminer

infecter, contaminer

Ex: If proper precautions are not taken , the virus will likely infect more individuals .Si les précautions nécessaires ne sont pas prises, le virus **infectera** probablement plus de personnes.
feverish
[Adjectif]

having or caused by a fever

fiévreux

fiévreux

Ex: His feverish state prompted his parents to seek medical attention at the urgent care center .Son état **fiévreux** a incité ses parents à consulter un médecin au centre de soins urgents.

a harmful state in which the body has lost a lot of water

déshydratation

déshydratation

a secondary health condition that makes the treatment of the existing condition harder

complication

complication

to develop
[verbe]

to start to have a particular disease or problem

développer, contracter

développer, contracter

Ex: Long-term exposure to sunlight without protection caused her to develop skin cancer in her forties .Une exposition prolongée au soleil sans protection lui a fait **développer** un cancer de la peau dans la quarantaine.
severe
[Adjectif]

very harsh or intense

sévère, rigoureux

sévère, rigoureux

Ex: He faced severe criticism for his actions .Il a fait face à des critiques **sévères** pour ses actions.
acute
[Adjectif]

(of an illness) suddenly becoming severe but for a short time

aigu

aigu

Ex: Emily was diagnosed with acute bronchitis after experiencing sudden onset of coughing , chest pain , and difficulty breathing .Emily a été diagnostiquée avec une bronchite **aiguë** après avoir ressenti une toux soudaine, des douleurs thoraciques et des difficultés respiratoires.
scratch
[nom]

a small cut on the skin caused by something sharp, like a fingernail, thorn, or rough surface

égratignure, éraflure

égratignure, éraflure

to sprain
[verbe]

(of a ligament) to be suddenly twisted, which results in much pain

se fouler, se faire une entorse à

se fouler, se faire une entorse à

Ex: He sprains his leg easily because of his weak joints .Il se **foule** facilement la jambe à cause de ses articulations faibles.
burn
[nom]

a mark or injury that is caused by exposure to fire, acid, heat, etc.

brûlure, marque de brûlure

brûlure, marque de brûlure

agony
[nom]

severe physical or mental pain

torture

torture

Ex: Patients with severe burns often experience excruciating agony during treatment .Les patients atteints de brûlures graves éprouvent souvent une **agonie** atroce pendant le traitement.

the rapid spread of an infectious disease within a specific population, community, or region, affecting a significant number of individuals at the same time

épidémie

épidémie

Ex: The epidemic put a strain on the healthcare system .L'**épidémie** a mis à rude épreuve le système de santé.

a disease that spreads across a large region or even across the world

pandémie

pandémie

Ex: Pandemics can spread illness globally due to increased international travel and trade networks.Les **pandémies** peuvent propager des maladies à l'échelle mondiale en raison de l'augmentation des voyages internationaux et des réseaux commerciaux.
Vocabulaire Essentiel pour le TOEFL
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