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Необходимый Словарный Запас для TOEFL - Физические условия и травмы

Здесь вы узнаете некоторые английские слова о физических состояниях и травмах, таких как "рана", "ожирение", "головокружение" и т.д., которые необходимы для экзамена TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
allergy
allergy
[существительное]

a medical condition in which one's body severely reacts to a specific substance if it is inhaled, touched, or ingested

аллергия

аллергия

Ex: Her peanut allergy is so severe that even a small amount can trigger a serious reaction. 
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nausea
nausea
[существительное]

the feeling of discomfort in the stomach, often with the urge to vomit

тошнота

тошнота

Ex: After the surgery, it was normal for patients to report mild nausea. 
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wound
wound
[существительное]

an injury inflicted on the body especially one that seriously damages the skin or the flesh

рана

рана

Ex: The soldier had a deep wound on his leg from the battle. 
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bruise
bruise
[существительное]

an injury on the skin that appears as a dark mark, caused by a blow involving the rupture of vessels underneath

синяк

синяк

Ex: After falling off his bike, he noticed a painful bruise forming on his arm, which would take several days to heal. 
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scar
scar
[существительное]

a mark that is left on one's skin after a wound or cut has healed

шрам

шрам

Ex: A scar is a permanent mark on the skin that remains after a wound or injury has healed. 
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migraine
migraine
[существительное]

a severe recurring type of headache, particularly affecting one side of the head, and often causing visual disturbances and nausea

мигрень

мигрень

Ex: She had to lie down in a dark room because of her migraine. 
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obesity
obesity
[существительное]

the condition of having such a high amount of body fat that it becomes very dangerous for one's health

тучность

тучность

Ex: Obesity rates have been steadily rising worldwide, becoming a major public health concern in many countries. 
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dependent
dependent
[прилагательное]

not able to stop taking or using something

наркозависимый

наркозависимый

Ex: He became dependent on painkillers after his surgery. 
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to overdose
to overdose
[глагол]

to take an excessive and dangerous amount of a drug or medicine

делать передозировка

делать передозировка

Ex: He accidentally overdosed on painkillers. 
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unconscious
unconscious
[прилагательное]

(of a person) unresponsive and unaware of the surroundings, usually due to an illness or injury

потерявший сознание

потерявший сознание

Ex: The patient remained unconscious after the accident until the paramedics arrived. 
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to vomit
to vomit
[глагол]

to eject what has been eaten or drunk through the mouth

рвать, блевать

рвать, блевать

Ex: She sometimes vomits after eating certain foods. 
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dizzy
dizzy
[прилагательное]

unable to keep one's balance and feeling as though everything is circling around one, caused by an illness or looking down from a high place

головокружение

головокружение

Ex: She felt dizzy and lightheaded after standing up too quickly. 
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to faint
to faint
[глагол]

to suddenly lose consciousness from a lack of oxygen in the brain, which is caused by a shock, etc.

падать в обморок

падать в обморок

Ex: Witnessing the accident made her faint, and she collapsed on the spot. 
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fit
fit
[существительное]

a sudden episode in which the body shakes uncontrollably

припадок, судорога

припадок, судорога

Ex: The child had a fit during the illness. 
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to swell
to swell
[глагол]

to become rounder or larger, particularly due to an increase in the amount of fluid

опухать

опухать

Ex: After spraining her ankle, it started to swell, indicating inflammation. 
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to shiver
to shiver
[глагол]

to shake slightly and repeatedly because of cold

дрожать

дрожать

Ex: He shivered in the freezing wind. 
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to relapse
to relapse
[глагол]

to become sick again after an improvement in one's health

впадать в рецидив

впадать в рецидив

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to collapse
to collapse
[глагол]

(of a person) to fall and become unconscious

падать в обморок, рухнуть

падать в обморок, рухнуть

Ex: Exhausted from the intense heat, he collapsed on the sidewalk and lost consciousness. 
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coma
coma
[существительное]

a state of deep unconsciousness, typically of a long duration and caused by a serious injury or severe illness

кома

кома

Ex: The patient remained in a coma for several weeks. 
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outbreak
outbreak
[существительное]

the unexpected start of something terrible, such as a disease

вспышка

вспышка

Ex: The sudden outbreak of the flu caused widespread panic in the city. 
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to infect
to infect
[глагол]

to transmit a disease to a person, animal, or plant

заражаться

заражаться

Ex: Contaminated water sources can infect individuals with waterborne diseases. 
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feverish
feverish
[прилагательное]

having or caused by a fever

лихорадочный

лихорадочный

Ex: She felt feverish and had chills after coming down with the flu. 
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dehydration
dehydration
[существительное]

a harmful state in which the body has lost a lot of water

обезвоживание

обезвоживание

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complication
complication
[существительное]

a secondary health condition that makes the treatment of the existing condition harder

осложнение

осложнение

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to develop
to develop
[глагол]

to start to have a particular disease or problem

развивать, заболеть

развивать, заболеть

Ex: Despite leading a healthy lifestyle, he developed high blood pressure in his late fifties. 
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severe
severe
[прилагательное]

very harsh or intense

суровый

суровый

Ex: The building suffered severe damage from the earthquake. 
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acute
acute
[прилагательное]

(of an illness) suddenly becoming severe but for a short time

острый

острый

Ex: Jack was hospitalized due to an acute bout of appendicitis. 
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scratch
scratch
[существительное]

a small cut on the skin caused by something sharp, like a fingernail, thorn, or rough surface

царапина

царапина

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to sprain
to sprain
[глагол]

(of a ligament) to be suddenly twisted, which results in much pain

растягивать

растягивать

Ex: He sprained his ankle while playing basketball. 
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burn
burn
[существительное]

a mark or injury that is caused by exposure to fire, acid, heat, etc.

ожог, след от ожога

ожог, след от ожога

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agony
agony
[существительное]

severe physical or mental pain

мучения

мучения

Ex: The patient endured the agony of chronic migraines for years. 
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epidemic
epidemic
[существительное]

the rapid spread of an infectious disease within a specific population, community, or region, affecting a significant number of individuals at the same time

эпидемия, вспышка болезни

эпидемия, вспышка болезни

Ex: The epidemic caused a surge in hospital admissions. 
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pandemic
pandemic
[существительное]

a disease that spreads across a large region or even across the world

пандемия

пандемия

Ex: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted nearly every person on the planet. 
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