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Základní Slovní Zásoba pro TOEFL - Fyzické Stavy a Zranění

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova o fyzických stavech a zraněních, jako jsou "rána", "obezita", "závratě" atd., která jsou potřebná pro zkoušku TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
allergy
allergy
[Podstatné jméno]

a medical condition in which one's body severely reacts to a specific substance if it is inhaled, touched, or ingested

alergie

alergie

Ex: Her peanut allergy is so severe that even a small amount can trigger a serious reaction. 
nausea
nausea
[Podstatné jméno]

the feeling of discomfort in the stomach, often with the urge to vomit

nevolnost, pocit na zvracení

nevolnost, pocit na zvracení

Ex: After the surgery, it was normal for patients to report mild nausea. 
wound
wound
[Podstatné jméno]

an injury inflicted on the body especially one that seriously damages the skin or the flesh

rána, zranění

rána, zranění

Ex: The soldier had a deep wound on his leg from the battle. 
bruise
bruise
[Podstatné jméno]

an injury on the skin that appears as a dark mark, caused by a blow involving the rupture of vessels underneath

modřina, podlitina

modřina, podlitina

Ex: After falling off his bike, he noticed a painful bruise forming on his arm, which would take several days to heal. 
scar
scar
[Podstatné jméno]

a mark that is left on one's skin after a wound or cut has healed

jizva, znamení

jizva, znamení

Ex: A scar is a permanent mark on the skin that remains after a wound or injury has healed. 
migraine
migraine
[Podstatné jméno]

a severe recurring type of headache, particularly affecting one side of the head, and often causing visual disturbances and nausea

migréna, bolest hlavy

migréna, bolest hlavy

Ex: She had to lie down in a dark room because of her migraine. 
obesity
obesity
[Podstatné jméno]

the condition of having such a high amount of body fat that it becomes very dangerous for one's health

obezita, nadváha

obezita, nadváha

Ex: Obesity rates have been steadily rising worldwide, becoming a major public health concern in many countries. 
dependent
dependent
[Přídavné jméno]

not able to stop taking or using something

závislý

závislý

Ex: He became dependent on painkillers after his surgery. 
to overdose
to overdose
[sloveso]

to take an excessive and dangerous amount of a drug or medicine

předávkovat se, brát předávkování

předávkovat se, brát předávkování

Ex: He accidentally overdosed on painkillers. 
unconscious
unconscious
[Přídavné jméno]

(of a person) unresponsive and unaware of the surroundings, usually due to an illness or injury

v bezvědomí, nevědomý

v bezvědomí, nevědomý

Ex: The patient remained unconscious after the accident until the paramedics arrived. 
to vomit
to vomit
[sloveso]

to eject what has been eaten or drunk through the mouth

zvracet, blinkat

zvracet, blinkat

Ex: She sometimes vomits after eating certain foods. 
dizzy
dizzy
[Přídavné jméno]

unable to keep one's balance and feeling as though everything is circling around one, caused by an illness or looking down from a high place

závratě, motání hlavy

závratě, motání hlavy

Ex: She felt dizzy and lightheaded after standing up too quickly. 
to faint
to faint
[sloveso]

to suddenly lose consciousness from a lack of oxygen in the brain, which is caused by a shock, etc.

omdlít, upadnout do bezvědomí

omdlít, upadnout do bezvědomí

Ex: Witnessing the accident made her faint, and she collapsed on the spot. 
fit
fit
[Podstatné jméno]

a sudden episode in which the body shakes uncontrollably

záchvat, křeč

záchvat, křeč

Ex: The child had a fit during the illness. 
to swell
to swell
[sloveso]

to become rounder or larger, particularly due to an increase in the amount of fluid

otékat, bobtnat

otékat, bobtnat

Ex: After spraining her ankle, it started to swell, indicating inflammation. 
to shiver
to shiver
[sloveso]

to shake slightly and repeatedly because of cold

třást se, chvět se

třást se, chvět se

Ex: He shivered in the freezing wind. 
to relapse
to relapse
[sloveso]

to become sick again after an improvement in one's health

relabovat, mít relaps

relabovat, mít relaps

to collapse
to collapse
[sloveso]

(of a person) to fall and become unconscious

zhroutit se, omdlít

zhroutit se, omdlít

Ex: Exhausted from the intense heat, he collapsed on the sidewalk and lost consciousness. 
coma
coma
[Podstatné jméno]

a state of deep unconsciousness, typically of a long duration and caused by a serious injury or severe illness

kóma, stav kómatu

kóma, stav kómatu

Ex: The patient remained in a coma for several weeks. 
outbreak
outbreak
[Podstatné jméno]

the unexpected start of something terrible, such as a disease

vypuknutí, epidemie

vypuknutí, epidemie

Ex: The sudden outbreak of the flu caused widespread panic in the city. 
to infect
to infect
[sloveso]

to transmit a disease to a person, animal, or plant

nakazit, infikovat

nakazit, infikovat

Ex: Contaminated water sources can infect individuals with waterborne diseases. 
feverish
feverish
[Přídavné jméno]

having or caused by a fever

horečnatý, horečkový

horečnatý, horečkový

Ex: She felt feverish and had chills after coming down with the flu. 
dehydration
dehydration
[Podstatné jméno]

a harmful state in which the body has lost a lot of water

dehydratace

dehydratace

complication
complication
[Podstatné jméno]

a secondary health condition that makes the treatment of the existing condition harder

komplikace, lékařská komplikace

komplikace, lékařská komplikace

to develop
to develop
[sloveso]

to start to have a particular disease or problem

rozvinout, onemocnět

rozvinout, onemocnět

Ex: Despite leading a healthy lifestyle, he developed high blood pressure in his late fifties. 
severe
severe
[Přídavné jméno]

very harsh or intense

vážný, přísný

vážný, přísný

Ex: The building suffered severe damage from the earthquake. 
acute
acute
[Přídavné jméno]

(of an illness) suddenly becoming severe but for a short time

akutní, vážný

akutní, vážný

Ex: Jack was hospitalized due to an acute bout of appendicitis. 
scratch
scratch
[Podstatné jméno]

a small cut on the skin caused by something sharp, like a fingernail, thorn, or rough surface

škrábanec, oděr

škrábanec, oděr

to sprain
to sprain
[sloveso]

(of a ligament) to be suddenly twisted, which results in much pain

vyvrtnout, natáhnout

vyvrtnout, natáhnout

Ex: He sprained his ankle while playing basketball. 
burn
burn
[Podstatné jméno]

a mark or injury that is caused by exposure to fire, acid, heat, etc.

popálenina, stopa po popálení

popálenina, stopa po popálení

agony
agony
[Podstatné jméno]

severe physical or mental pain

utrpení, muka

utrpení, muka

Ex: The patient endured the agony of chronic migraines for years. 
epidemic
epidemic
[Podstatné jméno]

the rapid spread of an infectious disease within a specific population, community, or region, affecting a significant number of individuals at the same time

epidemie, výskyt nemoci

epidemie, výskyt nemoci

Ex: The epidemic caused a surge in hospital admissions. 
pandemic
pandemic
[Podstatné jméno]

a disease that spreads across a large region or even across the world

pandemie, globální epidemie

pandemie, globální epidemie

Ex: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted nearly every person on the planet. 
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