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TOEFL のための基本語彙 - 体調と怪我

ここではTOEFL試験に必要な「傷」「肥満」「めまい」などの体調や怪我に関する英単語を学びます。

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
allergy

a medical condition in which one's body severely reacts to a specific substance if it is inhaled, touched, or ingested

アレルギー

アレルギー

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[名詞]
nausea

the feeling of discomfort in the stomach, often with the urge to vomit

吐き気, むかむか

吐き気, むかむか

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[名詞]
wound

an injury inflicted to the body especially one that seriously damages the skin or the flesh

傷, けが

傷, けが

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[名詞]
bruise

an injury on the skin that appears as a dark mark, caused by a blow involving the rupture of vessels underneath

あざ, 打撲

あざ, 打撲

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[名詞]
scar

a mark that is left on one's skin after a wound or cut has healed

傷跡

傷跡

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[名詞]
migraine

a severe recurring type of headache, particularly affecting one side of the head, and often causing visual disturbances and nausea

偏頭痛

偏頭痛

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[名詞]
obesity

the condition of having such a high amount of body fat that it becomes very dangerous for one's health

肥満

肥満

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[名詞]
dependent

not able to stop taking or using something

依存, 依存症的

依存, 依存症的

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[形容詞]
to overdose

to give or take an excessive amount of a drug at a given time, which could be fatal

過剰摂取する, オーバードーズする

過剰摂取する, オーバードーズする

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[動詞]
unconscious

(of a person) unresponsive and unaware of the surroundings, typically caused by either an illness or injury

意識を失った, 無意識

意識を失った, 無意識

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[形容詞]
to vomit

to eject what has been eaten or drunk through the mouth

嘔吐する, もどす

嘔吐する, もどす

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[動詞]
dizzy

unable to keep one's balance and feeling as though everything is circling around one, caused by an illness or looking down from a high place

めまいがする, ふらふらする

めまいがする, ふらふらする

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[形容詞]
to faint

to suddenly lose consciousness from a lack of oxygen in the brain, which is caused by a shock, etc.

気絶する, 失神する

気絶する, 失神する

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[動詞]
fit

an attack caused by an illness such as epilepsy, resulting in unconsciousness and violent movements of the body

発作, けいれん

発作, けいれん

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[名詞]
to swell

to become rounder or larger, particularly due to an increase in the amount of fluid

腫れる, 膨らむ

腫れる, 膨らむ

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[動詞]
to shiver

to slightly shake as a result of feeling cold, scared, etc.

震える, 身震いする

震える, 身震いする

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[動詞]
to relapse

to become sick again after an improvement in one's health

再発する, 戻る

再発する, 戻る

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[動詞]
to collapse

(of a person) to fall and usually become unconscious due to illness

倒れる, 意識を失う

倒れる, 意識を失う

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[動詞]
coma

a state of deep unconsciousness, typically of a long duration and caused by a serious injury or severe illness

昏睡, コーマ状態

昏睡, コーマ状態

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[名詞]
outbreak

the unexpected start of something terrible, such as a disease

発生, アウトブレイク

発生, アウトブレイク

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[名詞]
to infect

to transmit a disease to a person, animal, or plant

感染させる, 病気を広める

感染させる, 病気を広める

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[動詞]
feverish

having or caused by a fever

熱っぽい, 発熱している

熱っぽい, 発熱している

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[形容詞]
dehydration

a harmful state in which the body has lost a lot of water

脱水

脱水

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[名詞]
complication

a secondary health condition that makes the treatment of the existing condition harder

合併症, 副次的な健康状態

合併症, 副次的な健康状態

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[名詞]
to develop

to start to have a particular disease or problem

発展する, かかる

発展する, かかる

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[動詞]
severe

very bad, harsh, or intense

厳しい, 深刻な

厳しい, 深刻な

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[形容詞]
acute

(of an illness) suddenly becoming severe but for a short time

急性, 鋭い

急性, 鋭い

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[形容詞]
scratch

a small cut on the skin caused by something sharp, like a fingernail, thorn, or rough surface

引っかき傷, かすり傷

引っかき傷, かすり傷

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[名詞]
to sprain

(of a ligament) to be suddenly twisted, which results in much pain

ひねる, 捻挫する

ひねる, 捻挫する

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[動詞]
burn

a mark or injury that is caused by exposure to fire, acid, heat, etc.

火傷, やけど

火傷, やけど

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[名詞]
agony

severe physical or mental pain

 agony, 苦痛

agony, 苦痛

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[名詞]
epidemic

the rapid spread of an infectious disease within a specific population, community, or region, affecting a significant number of individuals at the same time

流行病, 疫病の流行

流行病, 疫病の流行

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[名詞]
pandemic

a disease that spreads across a large region or even across the world

パンデミック, 流行病

パンデミック, 流行病

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[名詞]
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