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Vocabolario Essenziale per il TOEFL - Condizioni fisiche e lesioni

Qui imparerai alcune parole inglesi sulle condizioni fisiche e le lesioni, come "ferita", "obesità", "vertigini", ecc., necessarie per l'esame TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
allergy
[sostantivo]

a medical condition in which one's body severely reacts to a specific substance if it is inhaled, touched, or ingested

allergia

allergia

Ex: After coming into contact with the cat , she experienced an allergic reaction due to her pet allergy.Dopo essere entrata in contatto con il gatto, ha avuto una reazione allergica a causa della sua **allergia** agli animali domestici.
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nausea
[sostantivo]

the feeling of discomfort in the stomach, often with the urge to vomit

nausea

nausea

Ex: Nausea is a common side effect of chemotherapy treatment .La **nausea** è un effetto collaterale comune del trattamento chemioterapico.
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wound
[sostantivo]

an injury inflicted on the body especially one that seriously damages the skin or the flesh

ferita

ferita

Ex: Even after years , the old wound still ached in cold weather .
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bruise
[sostantivo]

an injury on the skin that appears as a dark mark, caused by a blow involving the rupture of vessels underneath

livido, contusione

livido, contusione

Ex: He was embarrassed to show his friends the bruise on his side , a reminder of his clumsiness during a recent soccer match .Era imbarazzato a mostrare ai suoi amici il **livido** sul fianco, un promemoria della sua goffaggine durante una recente partita di calcio.
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scar
[sostantivo]

a mark that is left on one's skin after a wound or cut has healed

cicatrice

cicatrice

Ex: Scars may also carry emotional significance , serving as reminders of past experiences or trauma .Le **cicatrici** possono anche avere un significato emotivo, servendo come promemoria di esperienze passate o traumi.
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migraine
[sostantivo]

a severe recurring type of headache, particularly affecting one side of the head, and often causing visual disturbances and nausea

emicrania

emicrania

Ex: She ’s trying to avoid triggers that could cause a migraine, like certain foods .Sta cercando di evitare i fattori scatenanti che potrebbero causare un'**emicrania**, come alcuni alimenti.
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obesity
[sostantivo]

the condition of having such a high amount of body fat that it becomes very dangerous for one's health

obesità

obesità

Ex: Addressing obesity requires a multifaceted approach that includes promoting healthy eating habits , regular physical activity , and community-wide initiatives .Affrontare **l'obesità** richiede un approccio multifattoriale che includa la promozione di abitudini alimentari sane, attività fisica regolare e iniziative a livello comunitario.
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dependent
[aggettivo]

not able to stop taking or using something

dipendente

dipendente

Ex: Some people become dependent on their phones for constant stimulation.Alcune persone diventano **dipendenti** dai loro telefoni per una stimolazione costante.
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to give or take an excessive amount of a drug at a given time, which could be fatal

fare la overdose

fare la overdose

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unconscious
[aggettivo]

(of a person) unresponsive and unaware of the surroundings, usually due to an illness or injury

senza conoscenza

senza conoscenza

Ex: The accident left him unconscious and unable to react .L'incidente lo ha lasciato **incosciente** e incapace di reagire.
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to vomit
[Verbo]

to eject what has been eaten or drunk through the mouth

vomitare

vomitare

Ex: Right now , she is feeling nauseous and might be vomiting soon .In questo momento, si sente nauseata e potrebbe presto **vomitare**.
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dizzy
[aggettivo]

unable to keep one's balance and feeling as though everything is circling around one, caused by an illness or looking down from a high place

stordito

stordito

Ex: Certain medications may cause side effects like dizziness and drowsiness in some patients.Alcuni farmaci possono causare effetti collaterali come vertigini e sonnolenza in alcuni pazienti.
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to faint
[Verbo]

to suddenly lose consciousness from a lack of oxygen in the brain, which is caused by a shock, etc.

svenire

svenire

Ex: Last night , he unexpectedly fainted during the scary movie .Ieri sera, **è svenuto** inaspettatamente durante il film horror.
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fit
[sostantivo]

an attack caused by an illness such as epilepsy, resulting in unconsciousness and violent movements of the body

attacco, crisi

attacco, crisi

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to swell
[Verbo]

to become rounder or larger, particularly due to an increase in the amount of fluid

gonfiare

gonfiare

Ex: After the long flight , his ankles swelled due to poor circulation .Dopo il lungo volo, le sue caviglie **si gonfiarono** a causa della cattiva circolazione.
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to shiver
[Verbo]

to slightly shake as a result of feeling cold, scared, etc.

rabbrividire

rabbrividire

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to relapse
[Verbo]

to become sick again after an improvement in one's health

avere una ricaduta

avere una ricaduta

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(of a person) to fall and become unconscious

svenire, collassare

svenire, collassare

Ex: The flu weakened her to the point that she had to be hospitalized after collapsing at home .L'influenza l'ha indebolita al punto che ha dovuto essere ricoverata in ospedale dopo essere **svenuta** a casa.
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coma
[sostantivo]

a state of deep unconsciousness, typically of a long duration and caused by a serious injury or severe illness

coma

coma

Ex: The medical team worked hard to determine the cause of his coma.La squadra medica ha lavorato duramente per determinare la causa del suo **coma**.
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outbreak
[sostantivo]

the unexpected start of something terrible, such as a disease

eruzione

eruzione

Ex: The outbreak of wildfires prompted emergency evacuations across the region .**Lo scoppio** degli incendi boschivi ha provocato evacuazioni di emergenza in tutta la regione.
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to infect
[Verbo]

to transmit a disease to a person, animal, or plant

infettare

infettare

Ex: If proper precautions are not taken , the virus will likely infect more individuals .Se non vengono prese le dovute precauzioni, è probabile che il virus **infetti** più individui.
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feverish
[aggettivo]

having or caused by a fever

febbricitante

febbricitante

Ex: His feverish state prompted his parents to seek medical attention at the urgent care center .Il suo stato **febbrile** ha spinto i suoi genitori a cercare assistenza medica al centro di pronto soccorso.
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dehydration
[sostantivo]

a harmful state in which the body has lost a lot of water

disidratazione

disidratazione

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complication
[sostantivo]

a secondary health condition that makes the treatment of the existing condition harder

complicazione

complicazione

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to develop
[Verbo]

to start to have a particular disease or problem

sviluppare, contraire

sviluppare, contraire

Ex: Long-term exposure to sunlight without protection caused her to develop skin cancer in her forties .L'esposizione prolungata al sole senza protezione le ha fatto **sviluppare** il cancro della pelle a quarant'anni.
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severe
[aggettivo]

very harsh or intense

intenso, rigido

intenso, rigido

Ex: He faced severe criticism for his actions .Ha affrontato critiche **severe** per le sue azioni.
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acute
[aggettivo]

(of an illness) suddenly becoming severe but for a short time

acuto

acuto

Ex: Emily was diagnosed with acute bronchitis after experiencing sudden onset of coughing , chest pain , and difficulty breathing .A Emily è stata diagnosticata una bronchite **acuta** dopo aver avuto un esordio improvviso di tosse, dolore al petto e difficoltà respiratorie.
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scratch
[sostantivo]

a small cut on the skin caused by something sharp, like a fingernail, thorn, or rough surface

graffio

graffio

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to sprain
[Verbo]

(of a ligament) to be suddenly twisted, which results in much pain

storcere

storcere

Ex: He sprains his leg easily because of his weak joints .Si **storce** facilmente la gamba a causa delle sue articolazioni deboli.
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burn
[sostantivo]

a mark or injury that is caused by exposure to fire, acid, heat, etc.

ustione, marchio di ustione

ustione, marchio di ustione

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agony
[sostantivo]

severe physical or mental pain

dolore estremo

dolore estremo

Ex: Patients with severe burns often experience excruciating agony during treatment .I pazienti con gravi ustioni spesso sperimentano un'**agonia** straziante durante il trattamento.
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epidemic
[sostantivo]

the rapid spread of an infectious disease within a specific population, community, or region, affecting a significant number of individuals at the same time

epidemia

epidemia

Ex: The epidemic put a strain on the healthcare system .L'**epidemia** ha messo a dura prova il sistema sanitario.
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pandemic
[sostantivo]

a disease that spreads across a large region or even across the world

pandemia

pandemia

Ex: Pandemics can spread illness globally due to increased international travel and trade networks.Le **pandemie** possono diffondere malattie a livello globale a causa dell'aumento dei viaggi internazionali e delle reti commerciali.
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Vocabolario Essenziale per il TOEFL
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