Vocabulário Essencial para o TOEFL - Condições físicas e lesões

a medical condition in which one's body severely reacts to a specific substance if it is inhaled, touched, or ingested

alergia

the feeling of discomfort in the stomach, often with the urge to vomit

náusea, mal-estar

an injury inflicted to the body especially one that seriously damages the skin or the flesh

ferida, lesão

an injury on the skin that appears as a dark mark, caused by a blow involving the rupture of vessels underneath

contusão, hematoma

a mark that is left on one's skin after a wound or cut has healed

cicatriz

a severe recurring type of headache, particularly affecting one side of the head, and often causing visual disturbances and nausea

enxaqueca

the condition of having such a high amount of body fat that it becomes very dangerous for one's health

obesidade

not able to stop taking or using something

dependente, viciado

to give or take an excessive amount of a drug at a given time, which could be fatal

overdoser, dar uma overdose

(of a person) unresponsive and unaware of the surroundings, typically caused by either an illness or injury

inconsciente, sem consciência

to eject what has been eaten or drunk through the mouth

vomitar, rejeitar

unable to keep one's balance and feeling as though everything is circling around one, caused by an illness or looking down from a high place

mareado, tonto

to suddenly lose consciousness from a lack of oxygen in the brain, which is caused by a shock, etc.

desmaiar, perder a consciência

an attack caused by an illness such as epilepsy, resulting in unconsciousness and violent movements of the body

ataque, convulsão

to become rounder or larger, particularly due to an increase in the amount of fluid

inchar, aumentar

to slightly shake as a result of feeling cold, scared, etc.

tremer, estremecer

to become sick again after an improvement in one's health

recair, voltar a adoecer

(of a person) to fall and usually become unconscious due to illness

desmaiar, colapsar

a state of deep unconsciousness, typically of a long duration and caused by a serious injury or severe illness

coma, estado de coma

the unexpected start of something terrible, such as a disease

surto, epidemia

to transmit a disease to a person, animal, or plant

infectar, contaminar

having or caused by a fever

febril, com febre

a harmful state in which the body has lost a lot of water

desidratação

a secondary health condition that makes the treatment of the existing condition harder

complicação, condição secundária

to start to have a particular disease or problem

desenvolver, contrair

very bad, harsh, or intense

severo, grave

(of an illness) suddenly becoming severe but for a short time

agudo, agudo (doença)

a small cut on the skin caused by something sharp, like a fingernail, thorn, or rough surface

arranhão, rasguinho

(of a ligament) to be suddenly twisted, which results in much pain

torcer, entorse

a mark or injury that is caused by exposure to fire, acid, heat, etc.

queimadura, marca de queimadura

severe physical or mental pain

agonia, sofrimento

the rapid spread of an infectious disease within a specific population, community, or region, affecting a significant number of individuals at the same time

epidemia, surto

a disease that spreads across a large region or even across the world

pandemia, epidemia