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Bokabularyo para sa IELTS Academic (Score 5) - Law

Dito, matututunan mo ang ilang mga salitang Ingles na may kaugnayan sa Batas na kinakailangan para sa Basic Academic IELTS exam.

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
law
law
[Pangngalan]

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

batas, ley

batas, ley

Ex: Breaking the law can result in serious consequences. 
lawyer
lawyer
[Pangngalan]

a person who practices or studies law, advises people about the law or represents them in court

abogado, manananggol

abogado, manananggol

Ex: She hired a lawyer to help her navigate the complex legal issues surrounding her business. 
judge
judge
[Pangngalan]

the official in charge of a court who decides on legal matters

hukom, magistrado

hukom, magistrado

Ex: The judge listened to both sides of the case before making a ruling. 
witness
witness
[Pangngalan]

a person who sees an event, especially a criminal scene

saksi, saksi sa pangyayari

saksi, saksi sa pangyayari

Ex: The witness gave a detailed account of what happened during the burglary. 
testimony
testimony
[Pangngalan]

a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court

patotoo, pahayag

patotoo, pahayag

Ex: The witness provided compelling testimony that corroborated the victim's account. 
evidence
evidence
[Pangngalan]

a statement, document, or object that is used in a law court for establishing facts

ebidensya,  katibayan

ebidensya, katibayan

Ex: The detectives found crucial evidence at the crime scene that linked the suspect to the murder. 
oath
oath
[Pangngalan]

a serious promise or statement made by someone to tell the truth, often with the belief that breaking the promise will have serious consequences

panunumpa, seryosong pangako

panunumpa, seryosong pangako

Ex: The witness took an oath to tell the whole truth during the trial. 
right
right
[Pangngalan]

a thing that someone is legally, officially, or morally allowed to do or have

karapatan, pribilehiyo

karapatan, pribilehiyo

Ex: Everyone has the right to free speech. 
duty
duty
[Pangngalan]

an obligatory task that must be done as one's job

tungkulin, responsibilidad

tungkulin, responsibilidad

Ex: It is her duty to ensure the safety of all the employees. 
trial
trial
[Pangngalan]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

paglilitis, pagsubok

paglilitis, pagsubok

Ex: The trial lasted for several weeks as witnesses testified and evidence was presented. 
jury
jury
[Pangngalan]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

hurado, panel ng mga hurado

hurado, panel ng mga hurado

Ex: The jury deliberated for several hours before reaching a unanimous verdict. 
justice
justice
[Pangngalan]

the exercise of judgment in determining rights, duties, or assigning rewards and punishments

katarungan

katarungan

Ex: The court's role is to administer justice. 
sentence
sentence
[Pangngalan]

the punishment that the court assigned for a guilty person

sentensya, parusa

sentensya, parusa

Ex: The judge handed down a life sentence for the crime. 
bill
bill
[Pangngalan]

a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about

panukalang batas, mungkahing batas

panukalang batas, mungkahing batas

Ex: After several debates, the bill was passed and became law. 
jurisdiction
jurisdiction
[Pangngalan]

the power or authority of a court of law or an organization to make legal decisions and judgements

hurisdiksyon, kapangyarihang legal

hurisdiksyon, kapangyarihang legal

Ex: The court ruled that the case fell under federal jurisdiction due to its interstate nature. 
will
will
[Pangngalan]

a legal document that a person writes to decide what happens to their belongings after their death

testamento, huling habilin

testamento, huling habilin

Ex: She updated her will to include her grandchildren as beneficiaries. 
petition
petition
[Pangngalan]

a written request, signed by a group of people, that asks an organization or government to take a specific action

petisyon, kahilingan

petisyon, kahilingan

Ex: Over 10,000 people signed the petition to save the local park from development. 
plea
plea
[Pangngalan]

(law) a formal statement made by someone confirming or denying their accusation

pahayag, paninindigan

pahayag, paninindigan

Ex: The defendant entered a plea of not guilty to the charges. 
to sentence
to sentence
[Pandiwa]

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

hatulan

hatulan

Ex: The judge will sentence the convicted criminal to five years in prison. 
to charge
to charge
[Pandiwa]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

paratang, isakdal

paratang, isakdal

Ex: The prosecutor decided to charge the suspect with theft based on the evidence. 
to condemn
to condemn
[Pandiwa]

to give a severe punishment to someone who has committed a major crime

hatulan, parusahan nang husto

hatulan, parusahan nang husto

Ex: The court condemned the serial killer to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole. 
to violate
to violate
[Pandiwa]

to disobey or break a regulation, an agreement, etc.

lumabag, suwayin

lumabag, suwayin

Ex: The company faced legal consequences for violating environmental regulations. 
to enforce
to enforce
[Pandiwa]

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

ipatupad, siguraduhin ang pagsunod

ipatupad, siguraduhin ang pagsunod

Ex: The police are tasked with enforcing the laws to maintain public order. 
to reform
to reform
[Pandiwa]

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

reporma, pagbutihin

reporma, pagbutihin

Ex: The government aims to reform the education system to ensure equal access to quality education for all students. 
to interrogate

to question someone in an aggressive way for a long time in order to get information

tanungin nang pilit

tanungin nang pilit

Ex: The detective decided to interrogate the suspect to uncover details about the crime. 
to convict
to convict
[Pandiwa]

to announce officially that someone is guilty of a crime in a court of law

hatulan, ideklarang nagkasala

hatulan, ideklarang nagkasala

Ex: The jury deliberated and decided to convict the defendant of murder. 
counsel
counsel
[Pangngalan]

a lawyer who represents and gives legal advice to someone in court

abogado, tagapayo sa legal

abogado, tagapayo sa legal

Ex: The defendant's counsel argued strongly for his innocence. 
redress
redress
[Pangngalan]

a sum of money paid to someone to make up for the damage or harm done to them

bayad-pinsala, kompensasyon

bayad-pinsala, kompensasyon

Ex: The court ordered the company to pay redress to the injured workers. 
to abolish
to abolish
[Pandiwa]

to officially put an end to a law, activity, or system

alisin, buwagin

alisin, buwagin

Ex: The government decided to abolish the death penalty. 
to legalize
to legalize
[Pandiwa]

to permit something by law, granting people the right or freedom to do it

gawing legal, pahintulutan ng batas

gawing legal, pahintulutan ng batas

Ex: The government decided to legalize the use of cannabis for medical purposes, allowing patients to access it legally. 
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