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Bokabularyo para sa IELTS Academic (Score 5) - Law

Dito, matututunan mo ang ilang mga salitang Ingles na may kaugnayan sa Batas na kinakailangan para sa Basic Academic IELTS exam.

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
law
[Pangngalan]

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

batas, ley

batas, ley

Ex: It 's important to know your rights under the law.Mahalagang malaman ang iyong mga karapatan sa ilalim ng **batas**.
lawyer
[Pangngalan]

a person who practices or studies law, advises people about the law or represents them in court

abogado, manananggol

abogado, manananggol

Ex: During the consultation , the lawyer explained the legal process and what steps she needed to take next .Sa panahon ng konsultasyon, ipinaliwanag ng **abogado** ang legal na proseso at kung ano ang mga hakbang na kailangan niyang gawin.
judge
[Pangngalan]

the official in charge of a court who decides on legal matters

hukom, magistrado

hukom, magistrado

Ex: She retired after serving as a judge for over thirty years .Nagretiro siya matapos maglingkod bilang **hukom** sa loob ng mahigit tatlumpung taon.
witness
[Pangngalan]

a person who sees an event, especially a criminal scene

saksi, saksi sa pangyayari

saksi, saksi sa pangyayari

Ex: The only witness to the crime was hesitant to come forward out of fear for their safety .Ang tanging **saksi** sa krimen ay nag-atubiling magsalita dahil sa takot para sa kanilang kaligtasan.
testimony
[Pangngalan]

a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court

patotoo, pahayag

patotoo, pahayag

Ex: The defense attorney cross-examined the witness to challenge the credibility of their testimony.Tiniyak ng abogado ng depensa ang saksi upang hamunin ang kredibilidad ng kanilang **pahayag**.
evidence
[Pangngalan]

a statement, document, or object that is used in a law court for establishing facts

ebidensya,  katibayan

ebidensya, katibayan

Ex: The evidence was overwhelming , and the jury quickly reached a verdict , convicting the defendant of all charges .Ang **ebidensya** ay napakalaki, at mabilis na naabot ng hurado ang isang hatol, na hinatulan ang akusado sa lahat ng mga paratang.
oath
[Pangngalan]

a serious promise or statement made by someone to tell the truth, often with the belief that breaking the promise will have serious consequences

panunumpa, seryosong pangako

panunumpa, seryosong pangako

Ex: Breaking an oath can lead to severe consequences and loss of trust .Ang paglabag sa **panunumpa** ay maaaring magdulot ng malubhang kahihinatnan at pagkawala ng tiwala.
right
[Pangngalan]

a thing that someone is legally, officially, or morally allowed to do or have

karapatan, pribilehiyo

karapatan, pribilehiyo

Ex: Human rights include the right to life, liberty, and security.Kabilang sa mga karapatang pantao ang **karapatan** sa buhay, kalayaan, at seguridad.
duty
[Pangngalan]

an obligatory task that must be done as one's job

tungkulin, responsibilidad

tungkulin, responsibilidad

Ex: They emphasized the importance of performing one 's duty with integrity .Binigyan nila ng diin ang kahalagahan ng pagtupad sa **tungkulin** nang may integridad.
trial
[Pangngalan]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

paglilitis, pagsubok

paglilitis, pagsubok

Ex: The lawyer prepared extensively for the trial, gathering all necessary documents and witness statements .Ang abogado ay naghanda nang husto para sa **pagsubok**, na tinipon ang lahat ng kinakailangang dokumento at mga pahayag ng saksi.
jury
[Pangngalan]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

hurado, panel ng mga hurado

hurado, panel ng mga hurado

Ex: The jury was composed of individuals from various professions and backgrounds .Ang **hurado** ay binubuo ng mga indibidwal mula sa iba't ibang propesyon at pinagmulan.
justice
[Pangngalan]

the principle of moral or legal righteousness, equity, and impartiality

katarungan

katarungan

sentence
[Pangngalan]

the punishment that the court assigned for a guilty person

sentensya, parusa

sentensya, parusa

Ex: He received a ten-year sentence for robbery .Nakatanggap siya ng **sentensya** na sampung taon para sa pagnanakaw.
bill
[Pangngalan]

a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about

panukalang batas, mungkahing batas

panukalang batas, mungkahing batas

Ex: The bill was delayed in the legislative process due to disagreements among committee members .Naantala ang **panukalang batas** sa prosesong lehislatibo dahil sa mga hindi pagkakasundo ng mga miyembro ng komite.
jurisdiction
[Pangngalan]

the power or authority of a court of law or an organization to make legal decisions and judgements

hurisdiksyon, kapangyarihang legal

hurisdiksyon, kapangyarihang legal

Ex: The Supreme Court clarified its jurisdiction in interpreting constitutional issues .Nilinaw ng Korte Suprema ang **hurisdiksyon** nito sa pagbibigay-kahulugan sa mga isyung konstitusyonal.
will
[Pangngalan]

a legal document that a person writes to decide what happens to their belongings after their death

petition
[Pangngalan]

a written request, signed by a group of people, that asks an organization or government to take a specific action

petisyon, kahilingan

petisyon, kahilingan

plea
[Pangngalan]

(law) a formal statement made by someone confirming or denying their accusation

pahayag, paninindigan

pahayag, paninindigan

Ex: The defense attorney argued for a reduction in charges based on the plea bargain negotiated with the prosecution.Ang abogado ng depensa ay nagtalo para sa pagbawas ng mga paratang batay sa **plea bargain** na napagkasunduan sa pag-uusap sa prosecution.
to sentence
[Pandiwa]

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

hatulan

hatulan

Ex: After the trial , the judge carefully sentenced the convicted murderer .Pagkatapos ng paglilitis, maingat na **hinatulan** ng hukom ang nahatulang mamamatay-tao.
to charge
[Pandiwa]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

paratang, isakdal

paratang, isakdal

Ex: Right now , the legal team is charging individuals involved in the corruption scandal .Sa ngayon, ang legal na team ay **nagsasakdal** sa mga indibidwal na sangkot sa iskandalo ng korapsyon.
to condemn
[Pandiwa]

to give a severe punishment to someone who has committed a major crime

hatulan, parusahan nang husto

hatulan, parusahan nang husto

Ex: The court condemned the drug lord to decades behind bars for trafficking large quantities of illegal substances .Hinatulan ng korte ang drug lord ng mga dekada sa likod ng rehas dahil sa pagtatraffic ng malalaking dami ng ilegal na substansiya.
to violate
[Pandiwa]

to disobey or break a regulation, an agreement, etc.

lumabag, suwayin

lumabag, suwayin

Ex: The organization was fined for violating data protection laws .Ang organisasyon ay multa dahil sa **paglabag** sa mga batas sa proteksyon ng data.
to enforce
[Pandiwa]

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

ipatupad, siguraduhin ang pagsunod

ipatupad, siguraduhin ang pagsunod

Ex: Security personnel enforce the venue 's rules to ensure the safety and enjoyment of all attendees .Ang mga tauhan ng seguridad ay **nagpapatupad** ng mga patakaran ng lugar upang matiyak ang kaligtasan at kasiyahan ng lahat ng dumalo.
to reform
[Pandiwa]

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

reporma, pagbutihin

reporma, pagbutihin

Ex: The school board is considering reforming the grading system to better reflect student performance .Isinasaalang-alang ng school board ang **pagreporma** sa grading system para mas masalamin ang performance ng mga estudyante.

to question someone in an aggressive way for a long time in order to get information

tanungin nang pilit

tanungin nang pilit

Ex: The investigator spent hours interrogating the suspect to unravel the motives behind the incident .Ang imbestigador ay gumugol ng oras sa **pag-interog** sa suspek upang malaman ang mga motibo sa likod ng insidente.
to convict
[Pandiwa]

to announce officially that someone is guilty of a crime in a court of law

hatulan, ideklarang nagkasala

hatulan, ideklarang nagkasala

Ex: Over the years , the legal system has occasionally convicted high-profile figures for various offenses .Sa paglipas ng mga taon, paminsan-minsang **nahatulan** ng sistemang legal ang mga kilalang tao dahil sa iba't ibang pagkakasala.
counsel
[Pangngalan]

a lawyer who represents and gives legal advice to someone in court

Ex: The prosecution 's counsel called the first witness to the stand .
redress
[Pangngalan]

a sum of money paid to someone to make up for the damage or harm done to them

bayad-pinsala, kompensasyon

bayad-pinsala, kompensasyon

Ex: The insurance company offered redress to cover the cost of the stolen goods .
to abolish
[Pandiwa]

to officially put an end to a law, activity, or system

alisin, buwagin

alisin, buwagin

Ex: The city has abolished the use of plastic bags .Ang lungsod ay **nag-abolish** sa paggamit ng mga plastic bag.
to legalize
[Pandiwa]

to permit something by law, granting people the right or freedom to do it

gawing legal, pahintulutan ng batas

gawing legal, pahintulutan ng batas

Ex: Some countries are looking to legalize the use of cryptocurrency for everyday transactions .Ang ilang mga bansa ay naghahanap na **gawing legal** ang paggamit ng cryptocurrency para sa pang-araw-araw na transaksyon.
Bokabularyo para sa IELTS Academic (Score 5)
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