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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5) - Law

Here, you will learn some English words related to Law that are necessary for the Basic Academic IELTS exam.

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
law
law
[noun]

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

Ex: Breaking the law can result in serious consequences. 
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lawyer
lawyer
[noun]

a person who practices or studies law, advises people about the law or represents them in court

Ex: She hired a lawyer to help her navigate the complex legal issues surrounding her business. 
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judge
judge
[noun]

the official in charge of a court who decides on legal matters

Ex: The judge listened to both sides of the case before making a ruling. 
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witness
witness
[noun]

a person who sees an event, especially a criminal scene

Ex: The witness gave a detailed account of what happened during the burglary. 
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testimony
testimony
[noun]

a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court

Ex: The witness provided compelling testimony that corroborated the victim's account. 
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evidence
evidence
[noun]

a statement, document, or object that is used in a law court for establishing facts

Ex: The detectives found crucial evidence at the crime scene that linked the suspect to the murder. 
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oath
oath
[noun]

a serious promise or statement made by someone to tell the truth, often with the belief that breaking the promise will have serious consequences

Ex: The witness took an oath to tell the whole truth during the trial. 
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right
right
[noun]

a thing that someone is legally, officially, or morally allowed to do or have

Ex: Everyone has the right to free speech. 
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duty
duty
[noun]

an obligatory task that must be done as one's job

Ex: It is her duty to ensure the safety of all the employees. 
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trial
trial
[noun]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

Ex: The trial lasted for several weeks as witnesses testified and evidence was presented. 
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jury
jury
[noun]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

Ex: The jury deliberated for several hours before reaching a unanimous verdict. 
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justice
justice
[noun]

the exercise of judgment in determining rights, duties, or assigning rewards and punishments

Ex: The court's role is to administer justice. 
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sentence
sentence
[noun]

the punishment that the court assigned for a guilty person

Ex: The judge handed down a life sentence for the crime. 
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bill
bill
[noun]

a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about

Ex: After several debates, the bill was passed and became law. 
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jurisdiction

the power or authority of a court of law or an organization to make legal decisions and judgements

Ex: The court ruled that the case fell under federal jurisdiction due to its interstate nature. 
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will
will
[noun]

a legal document that a person writes to decide what happens to their belongings after their death

Ex: She updated her will to include her grandchildren as beneficiaries. 
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petition
petition
[noun]

a written request, signed by a group of people, that asks an organization or government to take a specific action

Ex: Over 10,000 people signed the petition to save the local park from development. 
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plea
plea
[noun]

(law) a formal statement made by someone confirming or denying their accusation

Ex: The defendant entered a plea of not guilty to the charges. 
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to sentence

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

Ex: The judge will sentence the convicted criminal to five years in prison. 
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to charge
to charge
[Verb]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

Ex: The prosecutor decided to charge the suspect with theft based on the evidence. 
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to condemn

to give a severe punishment to someone who has committed a major crime

Ex: The court condemned the serial killer to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole. 
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to violate

to disobey or break a regulation, an agreement, etc.

Ex: The company faced legal consequences for violating environmental regulations. 
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to enforce

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

Ex: The police are tasked with enforcing the laws to maintain public order. 
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to reform
to reform
[Verb]

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

Ex: The government aims to reform the education system to ensure equal access to quality education for all students. 
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to interrogate

to question someone in an aggressive way for a long time in order to get information

Ex: The detective decided to interrogate the suspect to uncover details about the crime. 
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to convict

to announce officially that someone is guilty of a crime in a court of law

Ex: The jury deliberated and decided to convict the defendant of murder. 
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counsel
counsel
[noun]

a lawyer who represents and gives legal advice to someone in court

Ex: The defendant's counsel argued strongly for his innocence. 
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redress
redress
[noun]

a sum of money paid to someone to make up for the damage or harm done to them

Ex: The court ordered the company to pay redress to the injured workers. 
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to abolish

to officially put an end to a law, activity, or system

Ex: The government decided to abolish the death penalty. 
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to legalize

to permit something by law, granting people the right or freedom to do it

Ex: The government decided to legalize the use of cannabis for medical purposes, allowing patients to access it legally. 
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