Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5) - Law

Here, you will learn some English words related to Law that are necessary for the Basic Academic IELTS exam.

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law [noun]

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

Ex: They studied constitutional law in law school .

lawyer [noun]

a person who practices or studies law, advises people about the law or represents them in court

Ex: The lawyer presented a compelling argument in court that swayed the jury 's decision .

judge [noun]

the official in charge of a court who decides on legal matters

Ex: He 's known for being a fair and impartial judge in the courtroom .

witness [noun]

a person who sees an event, especially a criminal scene

Ex: The witness identified the suspect in a police lineup after the incident .

testimony [noun]

a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court

Ex: Her testimony was crucial in establishing the defendant 's guilt .

evidence [noun]

a statement, document, or object that is used in a law court for establishing facts

Ex: The evidence presented in court included surveillance footage that clearly showed the accused committing the robbery .

oath [noun]

a serious promise or statement made by someone to tell the truth, often with the belief that breaking the promise will have serious consequences

Ex: She took an oath of loyalty when she joined the organization .

right [noun]

a thing that someone is legally, officially, or morally allowed to do or have

Ex: She fought for her right to receive equal pay for equal work .

duty [noun]

an obligatory task that must be done as one's job

Ex: They discussed the duties of each team member during the meeting .

trial [noun]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

Ex: After a lengthy trial , the defendant was found guilty and sentenced to ten years in prison .

jury [noun]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

Ex: The judge instructed the jury to focus solely on the evidence presented during the trial .

justice [noun]

the exercise of judgment in determining rights, duties, or assigning rewards and punishments

Ex: Citizens rely on the government to maintain justice .

sentence [noun]

the punishment that the court assigned for a guilty person

Ex: His lawyer appealed the harsh sentence .

bill [noun]

a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about

Ex: The senator sponsored the bill to address healthcare reform .

jurisdiction [noun]

the power or authority of a court of law or an organization to make legal decisions and judgements

Ex: The tribal council asserted jurisdiction over matters concerning land use within the reservation .

will [noun]

a legal document that a person writes to decide what happens to their belongings after their death

Ex: Without a will , the court decides how to distribute a person 's belongings .

petition [noun]

a written request, signed by a group of people, that asks an organization or government to take a specific action

Ex: The petition called for stricter laws against plastic pollution .

plea [noun]

(law) a formal statement made by someone confirming or denying their accusation

Ex: She entered a plea of guilty to avoid a lengthy court proceeding .

to sentence [verb]

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

Ex: The judge carefully considered the evidence before deciding how to sentence the defendant .

to charge [verb]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

Ex: The district attorney is considering whether to charge the defendant with assault .

to condemn [verb]

to give a severe punishment to someone who has committed a major crime

Ex: In some countries , certain crimes can lead to being condemned to death penalty by lethal injection .

to violate [verb]

to disobey or break a regulation, an agreement, etc.

Ex: The athlete was suspended for violating the anti-doping policies .

to enforce [verb]

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

Ex: It is important to enforce safety regulations to prevent workplace accidents .

to reform [verb]

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

Ex: The organization plans to reform its fundraising strategies to increase revenue and support its mission .

to interrogate [verb]

to question someone in an aggressive way for a long time in order to get information

Ex: The prosecutor sought permission to interrogate the key witness to strengthen the case .

to convict [verb]

to announce officially that someone is guilty of a crime in a court of law

Ex: The prosecutor worked diligently to build a strong case that would convict the accused .

counsel [noun]

a lawyer who represents and gives legal advice to someone in court

Ex: The judge asked the counsel to present their evidence .

redress [noun]

a sum of money paid to someone to make up for the damage or harm done to them

Ex: The new law ensures fair redress for customers misled by false advertising .

to abolish [verb]

to officially put an end to a law, activity, or system

Ex: The organization plans to abolish the use of single-use plastics .

to legalize [verb]

to permit something by law, granting people the right or freedom to do it

Ex: By the time I moved to that country , they had already legalized the sale of alcohol on Sundays .

Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
Size and Scale	Dimensions	Weight and Steadiness	Increase in Amount
Decrease in Amount	High Intensity	Low Intensity	Space and Area
Shapes	Speed	Significance	Influence and Strength
Uniqueness	Complexity	Value	Quality
Challenges	Wealth and Success	Poverty and Failure	Appearance
Age	Body Shape	Wellness	Textures
Intelligence	Positive Human Traits	Negative Human Traits	Moral Traits
Emotional Responses	Emotional States	Social Behaviours	Tastes and Smells
Sounds	Temperature	Probability	Relational Actions
Body Language and Gestures	Postures and Positions	Opinions	Thoughts and Decisions
Knowledge and Information	Encouragement and Discouragement	Request and Suggestion	Regret and Sadness
Respect and Approval	Attempt and Prevention	Physical Actions and Reactions	Movements
Commanding and Giving Permissions	Engaging in Verbal Communication	Understanding and Learning	Perceiving The Senses
Resting and Relaxing	Touching and Holding	Eating and Drinking	Preparing Food
Changing and Forming	Organising and Collecting	Creating and Producing	Science
Education	Research	Astronomoy	Physics
Biology	Chemistry	Geology	Psychology
Mathematics	Graphs and Figures	Geometry	Environment
Energy and Power	Landscapes and Geography	Technology	Computer
Internet	Manufacture and Industry	History	Religion
Culture and Custom	Language and Grammar	Arts	Music
Film and Theatre	Literature	Architecture	Marketing
Finance	Management	Medicine	Sickness and Symptoms
Law	Crime	Punishment	Politics
War	Measurement	Positive Emotions	Negative Emotions
Animals	Weather	Food and Drinks	Travel and Tourism
Pollution	Migration	Disasters	Materials
Adverbs of Manner	Adverbs of Comment	Adverbs of Certainty	Adverbs of Frequency
Adverbs of Time	Adverbs of Place	Adverbs of Degree	Adverbs of Emphasis
Adverbs of Purpose and Intention	Conjunctive Adverbs