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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5) - Law

Here, you will learn some English words related to Law that are necessary for the Basic Academic IELTS exam.

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
law
law
[noun]

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

Ex: It 's important to know your rights under the law.
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lawyer
lawyer
[noun]

a person who practices or studies law, advises people about the law or represents them in court

Ex: During the consultation , the lawyer explained the legal process and what steps she needed to take next .
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judge
judge
[noun]

the official in charge of a court who decides on legal matters

Ex: She retired after serving as a judge for over thirty years .
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witness
witness
[noun]

a person who sees an event, especially a criminal scene

Ex: The only witness to the crime was hesitant to come forward out of fear for their safety .
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testimony
testimony
[noun]

a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court

Ex: The defense attorney cross-examined the witness to challenge the credibility of their testimony.
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evidence
evidence
[noun]

a statement, document, or object that is used in a law court for establishing facts

Ex: The evidence was overwhelming , and the jury quickly reached a verdict , convicting the defendant of all charges .
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oath
oath
[noun]

a serious promise or statement made by someone to tell the truth, often with the belief that breaking the promise will have serious consequences

Ex: Breaking an oath can lead to severe consequences and loss of trust .
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right
right
[noun]

a thing that someone is legally, officially, or morally allowed to do or have

Ex: Human rights include the right to life, liberty, and security.
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duty
duty
[noun]

an obligatory task that must be done as one's job

Ex: They emphasized the importance of performing one 's duty with integrity .
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trial
trial
[noun]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

Ex: The lawyer prepared extensively for the trial, gathering all necessary documents and witness statements .
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jury
jury
[noun]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

Ex: The jury was composed of individuals from various professions and backgrounds .
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justice
justice
[noun]

the exercise of judgment in determining rights, duties, or assigning rewards and punishments

Ex: Justice requires evidence-based decisions .
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sentence
sentence
[noun]

the punishment that the court assigned for a guilty person

Ex: He received a ten-year sentence for robbery .
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bill
bill
[noun]

a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about

Ex: The bill was delayed in the legislative process due to disagreements among committee members .
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jurisdiction

the power or authority of a court of law or an organization to make legal decisions and judgements

Ex: The Supreme Court clarified its jurisdiction in interpreting constitutional issues .
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will
will
[noun]

a legal document that a person writes to decide what happens to their belongings after their death

Ex: The will stated that all his savings would go to charity.
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petition
petition
[noun]

a written request, signed by a group of people, that asks an organization or government to take a specific action

Ex: If the petition gets enough signatures , the issue will be debated in parliament .
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plea
plea
[noun]

(law) a formal statement made by someone confirming or denying their accusation

Ex: The defense attorney argued for a reduction in charges based on the plea bargain negotiated with the prosecution.
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to sentence

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

Ex: After the trial , the judge carefully sentenced the convicted murderer .
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to charge
to charge
[Verb]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

Ex: Right now , the legal team is charging individuals involved in the corruption scandal .
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to condemn

to give a severe punishment to someone who has committed a major crime

Ex: The court condemned the drug lord to decades behind bars for trafficking large quantities of illegal substances .
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to violate

to disobey or break a regulation, an agreement, etc.

Ex: The organization was fined for violating data protection laws .
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to enforce

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

Ex: Security personnel enforce the venue 's rules to ensure the safety and enjoyment of all attendees .
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to reform
to reform
[Verb]

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

Ex: The school board is considering reforming the grading system to better reflect student performance .
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to interrogate

to question someone in an aggressive way for a long time in order to get information

Ex: The investigator spent hours interrogating the suspect to unravel the motives behind the incident .
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to convict

to announce officially that someone is guilty of a crime in a court of law

Ex: Over the years , the legal system has occasionally convicted high-profile figures for various offenses .
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counsel
counsel
[noun]

a lawyer who represents and gives legal advice to someone in court

Ex: The prosecution 's counsel called the first witness to the stand .
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redress
redress
[noun]

a sum of money paid to someone to make up for the damage or harm done to them

Ex: The insurance company offered redress to cover the cost of the stolen goods .
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to abolish

to officially put an end to a law, activity, or system

Ex: The city has abolished the use of plastic bags .
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to legalize

to permit something by law, granting people the right or freedom to do it

Ex: Some countries are looking to legalize the use of cryptocurrency for everyday transactions .
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