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مفردات لاختبار IELTS Academic (الدرجة 5) - Law

هنا، سوف تتعلم بعض الكلمات الإنجليزية المتعلقة بالقانون والضرورية لامتحان IELTS الأكاديمي الأساسي.

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
law
[اسم]

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

قانون, تشريع

قانون, تشريع

Ex: It 's important to know your rights under law.
lawyer
[اسم]

a person who practices or studies law, advises people about the law or represents them in court

محامي, مستشار قانوني

محامي, مستشار قانوني

Ex: During the consultation , lawyer explained the legal process and what steps she needed to take next .
judge
[اسم]

the official in charge of a court who decides on legal matters

قاضي, حَكَم

قاضي, حَكَم

Ex: She retired after serving as judge for over thirty years .
witness
[اسم]

a person who sees an event, especially a criminal scene

شاهد, شاهد عيان

شاهد, شاهد عيان

Ex: The witness to the crime was hesitant to come forward out of fear for their safety .
testimony
[اسم]

a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court

شهادة, إفادة

شهادة, إفادة

Ex: The defense attorney cross-examined the witness to challenge the credibility of testimony.
evidence
[اسم]

a statement, document, or object that is used in a law court for establishing facts

أدلة, بيانات

أدلة, بيانات

Ex: evidence was overwhelming , and the jury quickly reached a verdict , convicting the defendant of all charges .
oath
[اسم]

a serious promise or statement made by someone to tell the truth, often with the belief that breaking the promise will have serious consequences

قسم, يمين

قسم, يمين

Ex: Breaking oath can lead to severe consequences and loss of trust .
right
[اسم]

a thing that someone is legally, officially, or morally allowed to do or have

حق, حقوق

حق, حقوق

Ex: Human rights include the right to life, liberty, and security.
duty
[اسم]

an obligatory task that must be done as one's job

واجب, التزام

واجب, التزام

Ex: They emphasized the importance of performing oneduty with integrity .
trial
[اسم]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

محاكمة, دعوى قضائية

محاكمة, دعوى قضائية

Ex: The lawyer prepared extensively for trial, gathering all necessary documents and witness statements .
jury
[اسم]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

هيئة المحلفين, المحلفون

هيئة المحلفين, المحلفون

Ex: jury was composed of individuals from various professions and backgrounds .
justice
[اسم]

the principle of moral or legal righteousness, equity, and impartiality

العدالة, الإنصاف

العدالة, الإنصاف

sentence
[اسم]

the punishment that the court assigned for a guilty person

حكم, عقوبة

حكم, عقوبة

Ex: He received a sentence for robbery .
bill
[اسم]

a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about

مشروع قانون, قانون مقترح

مشروع قانون, قانون مقترح

Ex: bill was delayed in the legislative process due to disagreements among committee members .
jurisdiction
[اسم]

the power or authority of a court of law or an organization to make legal decisions and judgements

الاختصاص, السلطة القضائية

الاختصاص, السلطة القضائية

Ex: The Supreme Court clarified jurisdiction in interpreting constitutional issues .
will
[اسم]

a legal documant that a person writes to decide what happenes to their belongings after their death

وصية, إرادة

وصية, إرادة

petition
[اسم]

a written request, signed by a group of people, that asks an organization or government to take a specific action

عريضة, طلب

عريضة, طلب

plea
[اسم]

(law) a formal statement made by someone confirming or denying their accusation

ادعاء, تبرئة

ادعاء, تبرئة

Ex: The defense attorney argued for a reduction in charges based on the plea bargain negotiated with the prosecution.
to sentence
[فعل]

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

يحكم, يسجن

يحكم, يسجن

Ex: After the trial , the judge sentenced the convicted murderer .
to charge
[فعل]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

اتهم, وجه تهمة

اتهم, وجه تهمة

Ex: Right now , the legal team charging individuals involved in the corruption scandal .
to condemn
[فعل]

to give a severe punishment to someone who has committed a major crime

أدان, دان

أدان, دان

Ex: The condemned the drug lord to decades behind bars for trafficking large quantities of illegal substances .
to violate
[فعل]

to disobey or break a regulation, an agreement, etc.

انتهك, خالف

انتهك, خالف

Ex: The organization was fined violating data protection laws .
to enforce
[فعل]

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

فرض, تطبيق

فرض, تطبيق

Ex: Security enforce the venue 's rules to ensure the safety and enjoyment of all attendees .
to reform
[فعل]

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

إصلاح, تطوير

إصلاح, تطوير

Ex: The school board is reforming the grading system to better reflect student performance .

to question someone in an aggressive way for a long time in order to get information

استجواب, تحقيق

استجواب, تحقيق

Ex: The investigator spent interrogating the suspect to unravel the motives behind the incident .
to convict
[فعل]

to announce officially that someone is guilty of a crime in a court of law

يدين, يقضي بإدانة

يدين, يقضي بإدانة

Ex: Over the years , the legal system has convicted high-profile figures for various offenses .
counsel
[اسم]

a lawyer that defends a case in a legal court

محامي, موكل

محامي, موكل

redress
[اسم]

a sum of money paid to someone to make up for the damage or harm done to them

تعويض, إصلاح

تعويض, إصلاح

to abolish
[فعل]

to officially put an end to a law, activity, or system

ألغى, أبطل

ألغى, أبطل

Ex: The city abolished the use of plastic bags .
to legalize
[فعل]

to permit something by law, granting people the right or freedom to do it

تشريع, إضفاء الشرعية

تشريع, إضفاء الشرعية

Ex: Some countries are looking legalize the use of cryptocurrency for everyday transactions .
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