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Vocabulario para IELTS Academic (Puntuación 5) - Law

Aquí aprenderá algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con el derecho que son necesarias para el examen IELTS Académico Básico.

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
law
[Sustantivo]

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

ley

ley

Ex: It 's important to know your rights under law.
lawyer
[Sustantivo]

a person who practices or studies law, advises people about the law or represents them in court

abogado

abogado

Ex: During the consultation , lawyer explained the legal process and what steps she needed to take next .
judge
[Sustantivo]

the official in charge of a court who decides on legal matters

juez

juez

Ex: She retired after serving as judge for over thirty years .
witness
[Sustantivo]

a person who sees an event, especially a criminal scene

testigo, observador

testigo, observador

Ex: The witness to the crime was hesitant to come forward out of fear for their safety .
testimony
[Sustantivo]

a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court

testimonio, declaración

testimonio, declaración

Ex: The defense attorney cross-examined the witness to challenge the credibility of testimony.
evidence
[Sustantivo]

a statement, document, or object that is used in a law court for establishing facts

prueba, evidencia

prueba, evidencia

Ex: evidence was overwhelming , and the jury quickly reached a verdict , convicting the defendant of all charges .
oath
[Sustantivo]

a serious promise or statement made by someone to tell the truth, often with the belief that breaking the promise will have serious consequences

juramento, promesa solemne

juramento, promesa solemne

Ex: Breaking oath can lead to severe consequences and loss of trust .
right
[Sustantivo]

a thing that someone is legally, officially, or morally allowed to do or have

legítimo

legítimo

Ex: Human rights include the right to life, liberty, and security.
duty
[Sustantivo]

an obligatory task that must be done as one's job

deber, obligación

deber, obligación

Ex: They emphasized the importance of performing oneduty with integrity .
trial
[Sustantivo]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

juicio

juicio

Ex: The lawyer prepared extensively for trial, gathering all necessary documents and witness statements .
jury
[Sustantivo]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

jurado

jurado

Ex: jury was composed of individuals from various professions and backgrounds .
justice
[Sustantivo]

the principle of moral or legal righteousness, equity, and impartiality

justicia, equidad

justicia, equidad

sentence
[Sustantivo]

the punishment that the court assigned for a guilty person

sentencia

sentencia

Ex: He received a sentence for robbery .
bill
[Sustantivo]

a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about

proyecto de ley

proyecto de ley

Ex: bill was delayed in the legislative process due to disagreements among committee members .
jurisdiction
[Sustantivo]

the power or authority of a court of law or an organization to make legal decisions and judgements

jurisdicción

jurisdicción

Ex: The Supreme Court clarified jurisdiction in interpreting constitutional issues .
will
[Sustantivo]

a legal documant that a person writes to decide what happenes to their belongings after their death

testamento, última voluntad

testamento, última voluntad

petition
[Sustantivo]

a written request, signed by a group of people, that asks an organization or government to take a specific action

petición, solicitud

petición, solicitud

plea
[Sustantivo]

(law) a formal statement made by someone confirming or denying their accusation

declaración

declaración

Ex: The defense attorney argued for a reduction in charges based on the plea bargain negotiated with the prosecution.

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

sentenciar

sentenciar

Ex: After the trial , the judge sentenced the convicted murderer .
to charge
[Verbo]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

acusar

acusar

Ex: Right now , the legal team charging individuals involved in the corruption scandal .
to condemn
[Verbo]

to give a severe punishment to someone who has committed a major crime

condenar

condenar

Ex: The condemned the drug lord to decades behind bars for trafficking large quantities of illegal substances .
to violate
[Verbo]

to disobey or break a regulation, an agreement, etc.

violar

violar

Ex: The organization was fined violating data protection laws .
to enforce
[Verbo]

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

hacer cumplir, hacer valer

hacer cumplir, hacer valer

Ex: Security enforce the venue 's rules to ensure the safety and enjoyment of all attendees .
to reform
[Verbo]

to make a society, law, system, or organization better or more effective by making many changes to it

reformarse

reformarse

Ex: The school board is reforming the grading system to better reflect student performance .

to question someone in an aggressive way for a long time in order to get information

interrogar

interrogar

Ex: The investigator spent interrogating the suspect to unravel the motives behind the incident .
to convict
[Verbo]

to announce officially that someone is guilty of a crime in a court of law

condenar

condenar

Ex: Over the years , the legal system has convicted high-profile figures for various offenses .
counsel
[Sustantivo]

a lawyer that defends a case in a legal court

abogado, defensor

abogado, defensor

redress
[Sustantivo]

a sum of money paid to someone to make up for the damage or harm done to them

indemnización, compensación

indemnización, compensación

to abolish
[Verbo]

to officially put an end to a law, activity, or system

abolir, suprimir

abolir, suprimir

Ex: The city abolished the use of plastic bags .

to permit something by law, granting people the right or freedom to do it

legalizar

legalizar

Ex: Some countries are looking legalize the use of cryptocurrency for everyday transactions .
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