Vocabulaire pour l'IELTS Academic (Score 5) - Biology

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés à la biologie qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen académique IELTS de base.

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cell

[nom]

an organism's smallest unit, capable of functioning on its own

cellule

Ex: Cells are the building blocks of life , with each one containing a complex system of organelles and molecules .Les **cellules** sont les éléments de base de la vie, chacune contenant un système complexe d'organites et de molécules.

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organism

[nom]

a living thing such as a plant, animal, etc., especially a very small one that lives on its own

organisme

Ex: A single-celled organism, such as an amoeba , can exhibit complex behaviors .Un **organisme** unicellulaire, comme une amibe, peut présenter des comportements complexes.

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DNA

[nom]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

ADN

Ex: DNA contains the instructions for building proteins in the body .L'**ADN** contient les instructions pour construire les protéines dans le corps.

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RNA

[nom]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the information from DNA to control the cellular protein biosynthesis

ARN

Ex: Scientists edited the RNA to correct a cellular malfunction .Les scientifiques ont modifié l'**ARN** pour corriger un dysfonctionnement cellulaire.

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gene

[nom]

(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

gène

Ex: The study revealed that some genes could influence intelligence .L'étude a révélé que certains **gènes** pourraient influencer l'intelligence.

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protein

[nom]

a complex biological molecule made up of amino acids that performs crucial functions in living organisms

protéine, protide

Ex: Collagen , a structural protein, gives skin its elasticity .Le collagène, une **protéine** structurelle, confère à la peau son élasticité.

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evolution

[nom]

(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

évolution

Ex: Evolution has led to the incredible diversity of plants and animals we see on Earth today.**L'évolution** a conduit à l'incroyable diversité des plantes et des animaux que nous voyons sur Terre aujourd'hui.

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virus

[nom]

a microscopic agent that causes disease in people, animals, and plants

virus

Ex: Washing your hands can help prevent the spread of viruses.Se laver les mains peut aider à prévenir la propagation des **virus**.

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bacteria

[nom]

(microbiology) single-celled microorganisms that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms, and can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

bactéries

Ex: Proper handwashing helps prevent the spread of bacteria and viruses .Un lavage des mains approprié aide à prévenir la propagation des **bactéries** et des virus.

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fungus

[nom]

a plant-like organism that often grows on organic matter and has no flowers or leaves, such as moulds and mushrooms

champignon

Ex: Penicillin , a groundbreaking antibiotic , is derived from a type of fungus.La pénicilline, un antibiotique révolutionnaire, est dérivée d'un type de **champignon**.

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antibody

[nom]

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

anticorps

Ex: Drugs that weaken your immune system can lower antibody levels .Les médicaments qui affaiblissent votre système immunitaire peuvent réduire les niveaux d'**anticorps**.

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hormone

[nom]

a chemical substance produced in the body of living things influencing growth and affecting the functionality of cells or tissues

hormone

Ex: Estrogen , a key hormone, influences female sexual development .

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nucleus

[nom]

(biology) the part of a cell that contains most of the genetic information

noyau

Ex: Mutations in genes within the nucleus can lead to genetic disorders and diseases , affecting the normal function of cells and tissues .Les mutations dans les gènes du **noyau** peuvent entraîner des troubles génétiques et des maladies, affectant le fonctionnement normal des cellules et des tissus.

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neuron

[nom]

a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body

neurone

Ex: Learning and memory depend on the ability of neurons to form new connections .L'apprentissage et la mémoire dépendent de la capacité des **neurones** à former de nouvelles connexions.

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Vocabulaire pour l'IELTS Academic (Score 5)

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