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مفردات لاختبار IELTS Academic (الدرجة 5) - Biology

هنا، سوف تتعلم بعض الكلمات الإنجليزية المتعلقة بعلم الأحياء والضرورية لامتحان IELTS الأكاديمي الأساسي.

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
cell
[اسم]

an organism's smallest unit, capable of functioning on its own

خلايا, خلية

خلايا, خلية

Ex: Cells are the building blocks of life , with each one containing a complex system of organelles and molecules .
organism
[اسم]

a living thing such as a plant, animal, etc., especially a very small one that lives on its own

كائن حي, عضوية

كائن حي, عضوية

Ex: A organism, such as an amoeba , can exhibit complex behaviors .
DNA
[اسم]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

حمض نووي ريبوزي منقوص الأكسجين, الحمض النووي

حمض نووي ريبوزي منقوص الأكسجين, الحمض النووي

Ex: DNA contains the instructions for building proteins in the body .
RNA
[اسم]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the information from DNA to control the cellular protein biosynthesis

حمض نووي ريبوزي, RNA (حمض ريبوزي نووي)

حمض نووي ريبوزي, RNA (حمض ريبوزي نووي)

gene
[اسم]

(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

جين, وراثة

جين, وراثة

Ex: The study revealed that genes could influence intelligence .
protein
[اسم]

a complex biological molecule made up of amino acids that performs crucial functions in living organisms

بروتين, بروتينات

بروتين, بروتينات

evolution
[اسم]

(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

التطور, الانتخاب الطبيعي

التطور, الانتخاب الطبيعي

Ex: Evolution has led to the incredible diversity of plants and animals we see on Earth today.
virus
[اسم]

a microscopic agent that causes disease in people, animals, and plants

فيروس, عَوَائِدٌ

فيروس, عَوَائِدٌ

Ex: Washing your hands can help prevent the spread viruses.
bacteria
[اسم]

(microbiology) single-celled microorganisms that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms, and can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

البكتيريا, جراثيم

البكتيريا, جراثيم

Ex: Proper handwashing helps prevent the spread bacteria and viruses .
fungus
[اسم]

a plant-like organism that often grows on organic matter and has no flowers or leaves, such as moulds and mushrooms

فطر, فطريات

فطر, فطريات

Ex: Penicillin , a groundbreaking antibiotic , is derived from a type fungus.
antibody
[اسم]

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

أنتيجين, أجسام مضادة

أنتيجين, أجسام مضادة

Ex: Drugs that weaken your immune system can antibody levels .
hormone
[اسم]

a chemical substance produced in the body of living things influencing growth and affecting the functionality of cells or tissues

هورمون, هرمون

هورمون, هرمون

nucleus
[اسم]

(biology) the part of a cell that contains most of the genetic information

نواة, النواة

نواة, النواة

Ex: Mutations in genes within nucleus can lead to genetic disorders and diseases , affecting the normal function of cells and tissues .
neuron
[اسم]

a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body

عصبون, خلية عصبية

عصبون, خلية عصبية

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