Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5) - Biology

Here, you will learn some English words related to Biology that are necessary for the Basic Academic IELTS exam.

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cell [noun]

an organism's smallest unit, capable of functioning on its own

Ex: The discovery of cells and the development of cell theory by scientists such as Robert Hooke and Theodor Schwann revolutionized our understanding of living organisms .

organism [noun]

a living thing such as a plant, animal, etc., especially a very small one that lives on its own

Ex: The rainforest teems with diverse organisms , from insects to mammals .

DNA [noun]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

Ex: DNA carries the information that determines traits like eye color and height .

RNA [noun]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the information from DNA to control the cellular protein biosynthesis

Ex: Viruses like SARS-CoV-2 use RNA as their genetic material .

gene [noun]

(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

Ex:

protein [noun]

a complex biological molecule made up of amino acids that performs crucial functions in living organisms

Ex: Antibodies are proteins that help the immune system fight infections .

evolution [noun]

(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

Ex: The study of evolution helps scientists understand the diversity of life on Earth and how organisms are interconnected through common ancestry .

virus [noun]

a microscopic agent that causes disease in people, animals, and plants

Ex: The doctor said it was a virus , so antibiotics would n't help .

bacteria [noun]

(microbiology) single-celled microorganisms that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms, and can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

Ex: Yogurt contains beneficial bacteria that aid in digestion .

fungus [noun]

a plant-like organism that often grows on organic matter and has no flowers or leaves, such as moulds and mushrooms

Ex: The forest floor was dotted with various types of fungus , from mushrooms to mold .

antibody [noun]

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

Ex: Antibody tests find antibodies in your blood , showing past infections or vaccinations .

hormone [noun]

a chemical substance produced in the body of living things influencing growth and affecting the functionality of cells or tissues

Ex:

nucleus [noun]

(biology) the part of a cell that contains most of the genetic information

Ex: Within the nucleus , there is a dense region called the nucleolus , where ribosomal RNA ( rRNA ) is synthesized and assembled into ribosomes .

neuron [noun]

a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body

Ex: A single neuron can connect to thousands of other nerve cells .

Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
Size and Scale	Dimensions	Weight and Steadiness	Increase in Amount
Decrease in Amount	High Intensity	Low Intensity	Space and Area
Shapes	Speed	Significance	Influence and Strength
Uniqueness	Complexity	Value	Quality
Challenges	Wealth and Success	Poverty and Failure	Appearance
Age	Body Shape	Wellness	Textures
Intelligence	Positive Human Traits	Negative Human Traits	Moral Traits
Emotional Responses	Emotional States	Social Behaviours	Tastes and Smells
Sounds	Temperature	Probability	Relational Actions
Body Language and Gestures	Postures and Positions	Opinions	Thoughts and Decisions
Knowledge and Information	Encouragement and Discouragement	Request and Suggestion	Regret and Sadness
Respect and Approval	Attempt and Prevention	Physical Actions and Reactions	Movements
Commanding and Giving Permissions	Engaging in Verbal Communication	Understanding and Learning	Perceiving The Senses
Resting and Relaxing	Touching and Holding	Eating and Drinking	Preparing Food
Changing and Forming	Organising and Collecting	Creating and Producing	Science
Education	Research	Astronomoy	Physics
Biology	Chemistry	Geology	Psychology
Mathematics	Graphs and Figures	Geometry	Environment
Energy and Power	Landscapes and Geography	Technology	Computer
Internet	Manufacture and Industry	History	Religion
Culture and Custom	Language and Grammar	Arts	Music
Film and Theatre	Literature	Architecture	Marketing
Finance	Management	Medicine	Sickness and Symptoms
Law	Crime	Punishment	Politics
War	Measurement	Positive Emotions	Negative Emotions
Animals	Weather	Food and Drinks	Travel and Tourism
Pollution	Migration	Disasters	Materials
Adverbs of Manner	Adverbs of Comment	Adverbs of Certainty	Adverbs of Frequency
Adverbs of Time	Adverbs of Place	Adverbs of Degree	Adverbs of Emphasis
Adverbs of Purpose and Intention	Conjunctive Adverbs