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Bokabularyo para sa IELTS Academic (Score 5) - Biyolohiya

Dito, matututunan mo ang ilang mga salitang Ingles na may kaugnayan sa Biology na kinakailangan para sa Basic Academic IELTS exam.

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
cell
cell
[Pangngalan]

an organism's smallest unit, capable of functioning on its own

selula

selula

Ex: The discovery of cells and the development of cell theory by scientists such as Robert Hooke and Theodor Schwann revolutionized our understanding of living organisms. 

Ang pagtuklas sa mga selula at ang pag-unlad ng teorya ng selula ng mga siyentipiko tulad nina Robert Hooke at Theodor Schwann ay nagrebolusyon sa ating pag-unawa sa mga buhay na organismo.

organism
organism
[Pangngalan]

a living thing such as a plant, animal, etc., especially a very small one that lives on its own

organismo, bagay na may buhay

organismo, bagay na may buhay

Ex: The pond ecosystem is home to a variety of organisms, including fish, algae, and bacteria. 

Ang ecosystem ng pond ay tahanan ng iba't ibang organismo, kabilang ang mga isda, algae, at bacteria.

DNA
DNA
[Pangngalan]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid

DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid

Ex: DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, contains the genetic instructions for living organisms. 

Ang DNA, o deoxyribonucleic acid, ay naglalaman ng mga genetic na tagubilin para sa mga nabubuhay na organismo.

RNA
RNA
[Pangngalan]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the information from DNA to control the cellular protein biosynthesis

RNA, ribonucleic acid

RNA, ribonucleic acid

Ex: RNA transcribes genetic information from DNA to guide protein production. 

Ang RNA ay nagsasalin ng genetic na impormasyon mula sa DNA upang gabayan ang produksyon ng protina.

gene
gene
[Pangngalan]

(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

hen, yunit ng pagmamana

hen, yunit ng pagmamana

Ex: The gene responsible for eye color is inherited from both parents. 

Ang gene na responsable sa kulay ng mata ay minana mula sa parehong magulang.

protein
protein
[Pangngalan]

a complex biological molecule made up of amino acids that performs crucial functions in living organisms

protina, protid

protina, protid

Ex: Hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells, transports oxygen. 

Ang hemoglobin, isang protina sa mga pulang selula ng dugo, nagdadala ng oxygen.

evolution
evolution
[Pangngalan]

(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

ebolusyon

ebolusyon

Ex: Evolution is the process by which species change over time in response to environmental pressures. 

Ang ebolusyon ay ang proseso kung saan nagbabago ang mga species sa paglipas ng panahon bilang tugon sa mga pressure ng kapaligiran.

virus
virus
[Pangngalan]

a microscopic agent that causes disease in people, animals, and plants

virus

virus

Ex: A virus entered his body and made him sick. 

Isang virus ang pumasok sa kanyang katawan at nagpasa kanya.

bacteria
bacteria
[Pangngalan]

(microbiology) single-celled microorganisms that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms, and can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

bakterya

bakterya

Ex: Bacteria play a crucial role in the decomposition of organic matter in the ecosystem. 

Ang bakterya ay may mahalagang papel sa pagkasira ng organic matter sa ecosystem.

fungus
fungus
[Pangngalan]

a plant-like organism that often grows on organic matter and has no flowers or leaves, such as moulds and mushrooms

kabute, amag

kabute, amag

Ex: They discovered a new species of fungus in the rainforest that glows in the dark. 

Natuklasan nila ang isang bagong species ng fungus sa rainforest na kumikinang sa dilim.

antibody
antibody
[Pangngalan]

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

antibody, immunoglobulin

antibody, immunoglobulin

Ex: Antibodies stop harmful germs and tag them for immune cells to destroy. 

Ang antibody ay humihinto sa mga nakakapinsalang mikrobyo at minamarkahan ang mga ito para sirain ng mga immune cell.

hormone
hormone
[Pangngalan]

a chemical substance produced in the body of living things influencing growth and affecting the functionality of cells or tissues

hormon, sustansyang hormonal

hormon, sustansyang hormonal

Ex: Insulin, a hormone from the pancreas, controls blood sugar levels. 

Ang insulin, isang hormone mula sa lapay, ay kumokontrol sa mga antas ng asukal sa dugo.

nucleus
nucleus
[Pangngalan]

(biology) the part of a cell that contains most of the genetic information

nukleo, nucleus

nukleo, nucleus

Ex: The nucleus of a cell contains genetic material in the form of DNA, which regulates cellular activities. 

Ang nucleus ng isang selula ay naglalaman ng genetic material sa anyo ng DNA, na nagreregula ng mga cellular na aktibidad.

neuron
neuron
[Pangngalan]

a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body

neuron, selula ng nerbiyos

neuron, selula ng nerbiyos

Ex: Neurons transmit signals at speeds of up to 120 meters per second. 

Ang mga neuron ay nagpapadala ng mga signal sa bilis na hanggang 120 metro bawat segundo.

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