IELTS学术词汇 (分数5) - Biology

在这里，您将学习一些与生物学相关的英语单词，这些单词是基础学术雅思考试所必需的。

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cell

[名词]

an organism's smallest unit, capable of functioning on its own

细胞

Ex: Cells are the building blocks of life , with each one containing a complex system of organelles and molecules .**细胞**是生命的基本构建块，每个细胞都包含一个复杂的细胞器和分子系统。

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organism

[名词]

a living thing such as a plant, animal, etc., especially a very small one that lives on its own

生物, 有机体

Ex: A single-celled organism, such as an amoeba , can exhibit complex behaviors .单细胞**生物**，如阿米巴原虫，可以表现出复杂的行为。

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DNA

[名词]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

DNA, 脱氧核糖核酸

Ex: DNA contains the instructions for building proteins in the body .**DNA**包含在体内构建蛋白质的指令。

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RNA

[名词]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the information from DNA to control the cellular protein biosynthesis

核糖核酸, RNA

Ex: Scientists edited the RNA to correct a cellular malfunction .科学家编辑了**RNA**以纠正细胞功能障碍。

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gene

[名词]

(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

基因, 遗传单位

Ex: The study revealed that some genes could influence intelligence .研究显示，一些**基因**可能影响智力。

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protein

[名词]

a complex biological molecule made up of amino acids that performs crucial functions in living organisms

蛋白质, 蛋白

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evolution

[名词]

(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

进化

Ex: Evolution has led to the incredible diversity of plants and animals we see on Earth today.**进化**导致了我们今天在地球上看到的植物和动物的惊人多样性。

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virus

[名词]

a microscopic agent that causes disease in people, animals, and plants

病毒

Ex: Washing your hands can help prevent the spread of viruses.洗手有助于防止**病毒**的传播。

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bacteria

[名词]

(microbiology) single-celled microorganisms that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms, and can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

细菌

Ex: Proper handwashing helps prevent the spread of bacteria and viruses .正确洗手有助于防止**细菌**和病毒的传播。

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fungus

[名词]

a plant-like organism that often grows on organic matter and has no flowers or leaves, such as moulds and mushrooms

真菌, 霉菌

Ex: Penicillin , a groundbreaking antibiotic , is derived from a type of fungus.青霉素，一种开创性的抗生素，源自一种**真菌**。

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antibody

[名词]

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

抗体, 免疫球蛋白

Ex: Drugs that weaken your immune system can lower antibody levels .削弱免疫系统的药物可以降低**抗体**水平。

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hormone

[名词]

a chemical substance produced in the body of living things influencing growth and affecting the functionality of cells or tissues

激素, 荷尔蒙物质

Ex: Estrogen , a key hormone, influences female sexual development .雌激素，一种关键的**激素**，影响女性的性发育。

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nucleus

[名词]

(biology) the part of a cell that contains most of the genetic information

细胞核, 核

Ex: Mutations in genes within the nucleus can lead to genetic disorders and diseases , affecting the normal function of cells and tissues .细胞核内基因的突变可导致遗传性疾病和疾病，影响细胞和组织的正常功能。

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neuron

[名词]

a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body

神经元, 神经细胞

Ex: Learning and memory depend on the ability of neurons to form new connections .学习和记忆依赖于**神经元**形成新连接的能力。

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IELTS学术词汇 (分数5)

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IELTS学术词汇 (分数5) - Biology