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Vocabulário para IELTS Academic (Pontuação 5) - Biology

Aqui, você aprenderá algumas palavras em inglês relacionadas à Biologia que são necessárias para o exame acadêmico básico do IELTS.

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
cell
[substantivo]

an organism's smallest unit, capable of functioning on its own

célula

célula

Ex: Cells are the building blocks of life , with each one containing a complex system of organelles and molecules .As **células** são os blocos de construção da vida, cada uma contendo um sistema complexo de organelas e moléculas.
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organism
[substantivo]

a living thing such as a plant, animal, etc., especially a very small one that lives on its own

organismo, ser vivo

organismo, ser vivo

Ex: A single-celled organism, such as an amoeba , can exhibit complex behaviors .Um **organismo** unicelular, como uma ameba, pode exibir comportamentos complexos.
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DNA
[substantivo]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the genetic information, which is present in every cell and some viruses

ADN, ácido desoxirribonucleico

ADN, ácido desoxirribonucleico

Ex: DNA contains the instructions for building proteins in the body .O **DNA** contém as instruções para a construção de proteínas no corpo.
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RNA
[substantivo]

(biochemistry) a chemical substance that carries the information from DNA to control the cellular protein biosynthesis

RNA, ácido ribonucleico

RNA, ácido ribonucleico

Ex: Scientists edited the RNA to correct a cellular malfunction .Os cientistas editaram o **RNA** para corrigir um mau funcionamento celular.
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gene
[substantivo]

(genetics) a basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is located on a chromosome in a cell and controls a particular quality

gene, unidade genética

gene, unidade genética

Ex: The study revealed that some genes could influence intelligence .O estudo revelou que alguns **genes** poderiam influenciar a inteligência.
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protein
[substantivo]

a complex biological molecule made up of amino acids that performs crucial functions in living organisms

proteína, protídeo

proteína, protídeo

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evolution
[substantivo]

(biology) the slow and gradual development of living things throughout the history of the earth

evolução

evolução

Ex: Evolution has led to the incredible diversity of plants and animals we see on Earth today.**A evolução** levou à incrível diversidade de plantas e animais que vemos na Terra hoje.
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virus
[substantivo]

a microscopic agent that causes disease in people, animals, and plants

vírus

vírus

Ex: Washing your hands can help prevent the spread of viruses.Lavar as mãos pode ajudar a prevenir a propagação de **vírus**.
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bacteria
[substantivo]

(microbiology) single-celled microorganisms that can be found in various environments, including soil, water, and living organisms, and can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

bactérias

bactérias

Ex: Proper handwashing helps prevent the spread of bacteria and viruses .Lavar as mãos corretamente ajuda a prevenir a propagação de **bactérias** e vírus.
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fungus
[substantivo]

a plant-like organism that often grows on organic matter and has no flowers or leaves, such as moulds and mushrooms

fungo, mofo

fungo, mofo

Ex: Penicillin , a groundbreaking antibiotic , is derived from a type of fungus.A penicilina, um antibiótico inovador, é derivada de um tipo de **fungo**.
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antibody
[substantivo]

a blood protein produced to fight diseases or infections, or in response to foreign substances in the body

anticorpo, imunoglobulina

anticorpo, imunoglobulina

Ex: Drugs that weaken your immune system can lower antibody levels .Drogas que enfraquecem seu sistema imunológico podem diminuir os níveis de **anticorpos**.
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hormone
[substantivo]

a chemical substance produced in the body of living things influencing growth and affecting the functionality of cells or tissues

hormônio, substância hormonal

hormônio, substância hormonal

Ex: Estrogen , a key hormone, influences female sexual development .O estrogênio, um **hormônio** chave, influencia o desenvolvimento sexual feminino.
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nucleus
[substantivo]

(biology) the part of a cell that contains most of the genetic information

núcleo, nucleo

núcleo, nucleo

Ex: Mutations in genes within the nucleus can lead to genetic disorders and diseases , affecting the normal function of cells and tissues .Mutações nos genes dentro do **núcleo** podem levar a distúrbios genéticos e doenças, afetando a função normal das células e tecidos.
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neuron
[substantivo]

a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body

neurónio, célula nervosa

neurónio, célula nervosa

Ex: Learning and memory depend on the ability of neurons to form new connections .A aprendizagem e a memória dependem da capacidade dos **neurônios** de formar novas conexões.
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Vocabulário para IELTS Academic (Pontuação 5)
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