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Vocabulaire pour IELTS (Académique) - Politique

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais sur la politique, tels que "congrès", "fédéral", "bulletin de vote", etc., qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen IELTS.

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Words for Academic IELTS
affair
[nom]

an event that concerns the public or is of political importance

affaire

affaire

bill
[nom]

a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about

projet de loi

projet de loi

Ex: The bill was delayed in the legislative process due to disagreements among committee members .Le **projet de loi** a été retardé dans le processus législatif en raison de désaccords entre les membres du comité.

(in some countries) the group of people who have been elected to make laws, which in the US it consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate

congrès

congrès

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

conservateur, conservatrice

conservateur, conservatrice

Ex: Many conservative MPs voiced their concerns over the proposed tax reforms.De nombreux députés **conservateurs** ont exprimé leurs inquiétudes concernant les réformes fiscales proposées.
council
[nom]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

conseil municipal

conseil municipal

Ex: The council proposed new environmental regulations .Le **conseil** a proposé de nouvelles réglementations environnementales.
to debate
[verbe]

to formally discuss a matter, usually in a structured setting

débattre

débattre

Ex: Politicians debated the proposed healthcare reform bill on the floor of the parliament .Les politiciens ont **débattu** du projet de loi sur la réforme de la santé sur le parquet du parlement.

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

démocratie

démocratie

Ex: In a democracy, the judiciary is independent from the executive and legislative branches .Dans une **démocratie**, le pouvoir judiciaire est indépendant des branches exécutive et législative.
to elect
[verbe]

to choose a person for a specific job, particularly a political one, by voting

élire

élire

Ex: The citizens of the country are electing new leaders who will shape the future .Les citoyens du pays **élisent** de nouveaux dirigeants qui façonneront l'avenir.
federal
[Adjectif]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

fédéral

fédéral

Ex: The federal budget allocates funds for national priorities , including infrastructure and social services .Le budget **fédéral** alloue des fonds pour les priorités nationales, y compris les infrastructures et les services sociaux.
to govern
[verbe]

to regulate or control a person, course of action or event or the way something happens

régir, contrôler

régir, contrôler

Ex: The laws of physics govern the way objects move in the universe .Les lois de la physique **régissent** la façon dont les objets se déplacent dans l'univers.

a person who tries to bring about political or social change, especially someone who supports strong actions such as protests, etc.

activiste

activiste

Ex: He became an animal rights activist after witnessing the poor treatment of animals in factory farms .Il est devenu un **militant** des droits des animaux après avoir été témoin du mauvais traitement des animaux dans les fermes industrielles.

the belief in a political theory that stands for giving the total power to a single person or government at all times

absolutisme

absolutisme

Ex: Absolutism often involves the suppression of political opposition and the centralization of authority , contrasting sharply with the principles of constitutionalism and checks and balances .**L'absolutisme** implique souvent la suppression de l'opposition politique et la centralisation de l'autorité, contrastant fortement avec les principes du constitutionnalisme et des freins et contrepoids.

an association between countries, organizations, political parties, etc. in order to achieve common interests

alliance

alliance

Ex: Cultural alliances between universities foster academic exchange and collaboration in research .Les **alliances** culturelles entre les universités favorisent les échanges académiques et la collaboration dans la recherche.

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

ambassadeur, ambassadrice

ambassadeur, ambassadrice

Ex: The newly appointed ambassador is expected to arrive at the foreign capital next month to assume his duties .Le nouvellement nommé **ambassadeur** devrait arriver dans la capitale étrangère le mois prochain pour assumer ses fonctions.

the act of gathering together to achieve a common goal

assemblée

assemblée

(of a country, region, etc.) the state of being independent and free from external control

autonomie

autonomie

Ex: After gaining autonomy, the country established its own laws and governance structures .Après avoir obtenu **l'autonomie**, le pays a établi ses propres lois et structures de gouvernance.
ballot
[nom]

a piece of paper on which a vote is written

bulletin de vote

bulletin de vote

Ex: The ballot was designed to be simple and clear to help voters make informed decisions .Le **bulletin de vote** a été conçu pour être simple et clair afin d'aider les électeurs à prendre des décisions éclairées.
bilateral
[Adjectif]

concerning two groups or countries

bilatéral

bilatéral

Ex: A bilateral agreement was reached on environmental protection .Un accord **bilatéral** a été conclu sur la protection de l'environnement.

the situation in which a group of countries have enough military or political power to prevent a country from controlling other countries

équilibre des forces

équilibre des forces

bureau
[nom]

a specific section within a government department which is responsible for specific tasks, functions, etc.

bureau, service gouvernemental

bureau, service gouvernemental

Ex: The education bureau focuses on developing curriculum standards and ensuring the quality of education in schools across the region .Le **bureau** de l'éducation se concentre sur le développement des normes du programme et sur la garantie de la qualité de l'éducation dans les écoles de toute la région.

the fact or condition of being a candidate in an election

candidature

candidature

an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government

capitalisme

capitalisme

Ex: The collapse of the socialist regimes in Eastern Europe marked a shift towards capitalism in those countries .L'effondrement des régimes socialistes en Europe de l'Est a marqué un virage vers le **capitalisme** dans ces pays.

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

diplomatie

diplomatie

Ex: His sharp diplomacy secured a vital trade agreement for his country .

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

constitution

constitution

Ex: The constitution of South Africa , adopted in 1996 , enshrines the principles of equality and human dignity as core values of the nation .La **constitution** de l'Afrique du Sud, adoptée en 1996, consacre les principes d'égalité et de dignité humaine comme valeurs fondamentales de la nation.

a union of 27 European states that is formed to strengthen the economic and political bonds between its members

UE

UE

Ex: Many countries apply for membership in the European Union to improve trade relations .De nombreux pays demandent à adhérer à l'**Union européenne** pour améliorer leurs relations commerciales.
fanatic
[nom]

an overenthusiastic individual, especially one who is devoted to a radical political or religious cause

fanatique

fanatique

Ex: The group was led by a fanatic who believed strongly in his radical ideology .Le groupe était dirigé par un **fanatique** qui croyait fermement en son idéologie radicale.
ideological
[Adjectif]

based on or relating to a specific set of political or economic views or policies

idéologique

idéologique

Ex: The ideological shift towards free-market capitalism led to changes in economic policy .Le changement **idéologique** vers le capitalisme de libre marché a conduit à des changements dans la politique économique.

the state of being free from the control of others

indépendance

indépendance

Ex: Many people strive for independence in their careers , seeking self-sufficiency .Beaucoup de gens aspirent à l'**indépendance** dans leur carrière, recherchant l'autosuffisance.

in a way that relates to multiple nations or the entire world

internationalement, au niveau international

internationalement, au niveau international

Ex: The film premiered internationally, showcasing cultural diversity .Le film a été présenté **internationalement**, mettant en valeur la diversité culturelle.

a belief in which the actions of one country affect all other countries in the world and that economic policy is built on benefiting the whole world not an individual country

mondialisme

mondialisme

Ex: Globalism challenges traditional notions of sovereignty , as multinational organizations and agreements often influence national policies .Le **mondialisme** remet en question les notions traditionnelles de souveraineté, car les organisations et accords multinationaux influencent souvent les politiques nationales.

a social class that its members have a high socioeconomic status and are between the middle and upper classes

classe moyenne supérieure

classe moyenne supérieure

a system that allows a limited number of immigrants to officially enter a country annually

système de quotas

système de quotas

Ex: The quota system ensures that immigration levels remain manageable .Le **système de quotas** garantit que les niveaux d'immigration restent gérables.

the illegal practice of forcing the asylum seekers or the refugees to return to the country where they are at risk of prosecution

refoulement

refoulement

Ex: The refugee camp provided a safe haven for those fleeing persecution , ensuring that they were protected from refoulement and given the opportunity to seek asylum .Le camp de réfugiés offrait un refuge sûr à ceux qui fuyaient les persécutions, en veillant à ce qu'ils soient protégés contre le **refoulement** et aient la possibilité de demander l'asile.
anarchy
[nom]

the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control

anarchie

anarchie

Ex: The sudden resignation of all leaders resulted in anarchy within the organization .La démission soudaine de tous les dirigeants a entraîné l'**anarchie** au sein de l'organisation.

a session that each US Senate committee holds in order to determine whether a candidate should be confirmed or rejected for a high federal office

audition de confirmation

audition de confirmation

Vocabulaire pour IELTS (Académique)
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