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Slovní Zásoba pro IELTS (Akademická) - Politics

Zde se dozvíte některá anglická slovíčka o politice, jako je „kongres“, „federální“, „hlasovací lístky“ atd., která jsou potřebná ke zkoušce IELTS.

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Words for Academic IELTS
affair
[Podstatné jméno]

an event that concerns the public or is of political importance

záležitost, aféra

záležitost, aféra

bill
[Podstatné jméno]

a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about

návrh zákona, poslanecký návrh

návrh zákona, poslanecký návrh

Ex: bill was delayed in the legislative process due to disagreements among committee members .
congress
[Podstatné jméno]

(in some countries) the group of people who have been elected to make laws, which in the US it consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate

kongres, sněmovna

kongres, sněmovna

conservative
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

konzervativec, konservativní člověk

konzervativec, konservativní člověk

Ex: Many conservative MPs voiced their concerns over the proposed tax reforms.
council
[Podstatné jméno]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

zastupitelstvo, rád

zastupitelstvo, rád

Ex: council proposed new environmental regulations .
to debate
[sloveso]

to formally discuss a matter, usually in a structured setting

debatovat, diskutovat

debatovat, diskutovat

Ex: debated the proposed healthcare reform bill on the floor of the parliament .
democracy
[Podstatné jméno]

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

demokracie, demokratický systém

demokracie, demokratický systém

Ex: In democracy, the judiciary is independent from the executive and legislative branches .
to elect
[sloveso]

to choose a person for a specific job, particularly a political one, by voting

zvolit, vybrat

zvolit, vybrat

Ex: The citizens of the country electing new leaders who will shape the future .
federal
[Přídavné jméno]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

federální, federativní

federální, federativní

Ex: federal budget allocates funds for national priorities , including infrastructure and social services .
to govern
[sloveso]

to regulate or control a person, course of action or event or the way something happens

řídit, ovládat

řídit, ovládat

Ex: The laws of govern the way objects move in the universe .
activist
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who tries to bring about political or social change, especially someone who supports strong actions such as protests, etc.

aktivista, aktivistka

aktivista, aktivistka

Ex: He became an activist after witnessing the poor treatment of animals in factory farms .
absolutism
[Podstatné jméno]

the belief in a political theory that stands for giving the total power to a single person or government at all times

absolutismus, absolutní moc

absolutismus, absolutní moc

Ex: Absolutism often involves the suppression of political opposition and the centralization of authority , contrasting sharply with the principles of constitutionalism and checks and balances .
alliance
[Podstatné jméno]

an association between countries, organizations, political parties, etc. in order to achieve common interests

aliance, spojenectví

aliance, spojenectví

Ex: alliances between universities foster academic exchange and collaboration in research .
ambassador
[Podstatné jméno]

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

velvyslanec, ambasador

velvyslanec, ambasador

Ex: The newly ambassador is expected to arrive at the foreign capital next month to assume his duties .
assembly
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of gathering together to achieve a common goal

shromáždění, sjezd

shromáždění, sjezd

autonomy
[Podstatné jméno]

(of a country, region, etc.) the state of being independent and free from external control

autonomie, nezávislost

autonomie, nezávislost

Ex: After autonomy, the country established its own laws and governance structures .
ballot
[Podstatné jméno]

a piece of paper on which a vote is written

hlasovací lístek, volební lístek

hlasovací lístek, volební lístek

Ex: ballot was designed to be simple and clear to help voters make informed decisions .
bilateral
[Přídavné jméno]

concerning two groups or countries

bilaterální, dvoustranný

bilaterální, dvoustranný

Ex: bilateral agreement was reached on environmental protection .
balance of power
[Podstatné jméno]

the situation in which a group of countries have enough military or political power to prevent a country from controlling other countries

rovnováha mocí, rovnováha sil

rovnováha mocí, rovnováha sil

bureau
[Podstatné jméno]

a specific section within a government department which is responsible for specific tasks, functions, etc.

úřad, oddělení

úřad, oddělení

Ex: The bureau focuses on developing curriculum standards and ensuring the quality of education in schools across the region .
candidacy
[Podstatné jméno]

the fact or condition of being a candidate in an election

kandidatura, nominace

kandidatura, nominace

capitalism
[Podstatné jméno]

an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government

kapitalismus, kapitalistický systém

kapitalismus, kapitalistický systém

Ex: The collapse of the socialist regimes in Eastern Europe marked a shift capitalism in those countries .
diplomacy
[Podstatné jméno]

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

diplomacie, diplomatické jednání

diplomacie, diplomatické jednání

constitution
[Podstatné jméno]

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

ústava, konstituce

ústava, konstituce

Ex: constitution of South Africa , adopted in 1996 , enshrines the principles of equality and human dignity as core values of the nation .
European Union
[Podstatné jméno]

a union of 27 European states that is formed to strengthen the economic and political bonds between its members

Evropská unie, EU

Evropská unie, EU

Ex: Many countries apply for membership in European Union to improve trade relations .
fanatic
[Podstatné jméno]

an overenthusiastic individual, especially one who is devoted to a radical political or religious cause

fanatik, fanatický stoupenec

fanatik, fanatický stoupenec

Ex: The group was led by fanatic who believed strongly in his radical ideology .
ideological
[Přídavné jméno]

based on or relating to a specific set of political or economic views or policies

ideologický, ideologizovaný

ideologický, ideologizovaný

Ex: ideological shift towards free-market capitalism led to changes in economic policy .
independence
[Podstatné jméno]

the state of being free from the control of others

nezávislost, svoboda

nezávislost, svoboda

Ex: Many people strive independence in their careers , seeking self-sufficiency .
internationally
[Příslovce]

in a way that relates to multiple nations or the entire world

mezinárodně, v několika zemích

mezinárodně, v několika zemích

Ex: The film internationally, showcasing cultural diversity .
globalism
[Podstatné jméno]

a belief in which the actions of one country affect all other countries in the world and that economic policy is built on benefiting the whole world not an individual country

globalismus, globalizace

globalismus, globalizace

Ex: Globalism challenges traditional notions of sovereignty , as multinational organizations and agreements often influence national policies .
upper middle class
[Podstatné jméno]

a social class that its members have a high socioeconomic status and are between the middle and upper classes

vyšší střední třída, střední vyšší třída

vyšší střední třída, střední vyšší třída

quota system
[Podstatné jméno]

a system that allows a limited number of immigrants to officially enter a country annually

kvótový systém, systém kvót

kvótový systém, systém kvót

Ex: quota system ensures that immigration levels remain manageable .
refoulement
[Podstatné jméno]

the illegal practice of forcing the asylum seekers or the refugees to return to the country where they are at risk of prosecution

refoulement, navrácení

refoulement, navrácení

Ex: The refugee camp provided a safe haven for those fleeing persecution , ensuring that they were protected refoulement and given the opportunity to seek asylum .
anarchy
[Podstatné jméno]

the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control

anarchie, bezvládí

anarchie, bezvládí

Ex: The sudden resignation of all leaders anarchy within the organization .
confirmation hearing
[Podstatné jméno]

a session that each US Senate committee holds in order to determine whether a candidate should be confirmed or rejected for a high federal office

potvrzovací slyšení, slyšení k potvrzení

potvrzovací slyšení, slyšení k potvrzení

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