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Vocabulary for IELTS (Academic) - Politics

Here you will learn some English words about politics, such as "congress", "federal", "ballot", etc. that are needed for the IELTS exam.

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Words for Academic IELTS
affair
affair
[noun]

a social gathering or event, often formal or noteworthy

Ex: Invitations were sent for the charitable affair.
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bill
bill
[noun]

a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about

Ex: The bill was delayed in the legislative process due to disagreements among committee members .
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Congress
Congress
[noun]

the legislative body of the United States, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives

Ex: The law was reviewed and approved by Congress.
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conservative

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

Ex: Many conservative MPs voiced their concerns over the proposed tax reforms.
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council
council
[noun]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

Ex: The council proposed new environmental regulations .
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to debate
to debate
[Verb]

to formally discuss a matter, usually in a structured setting

Ex: Politicians debated the proposed healthcare reform bill on the floor of the parliament .
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democracy
democracy
[noun]

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

Ex: In a democracy, the judiciary is independent from the executive and legislative branches .
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to elect
to elect
[Verb]

to choose a person for a specific job, particularly a political one, by voting

Ex: The citizens of the country are electing new leaders who will shape the future .
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federal
federal
[Adjective]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

Ex: The federal budget allocates funds for national priorities , including infrastructure and social services .
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to govern
to govern
[Verb]

to regulate or control a person, course of action or event or the way something happens

Ex: The laws of physics govern the way objects move in the universe .
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activist
activist
[noun]

a person who tries to bring about political or social change, especially someone who supports strong actions such as protests, etc.

Ex: He became an animal rights activist after witnessing the poor treatment of animals in factory farms .
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absolutism

the principle or system of unlimited and unchecked governmental power

Ex: Absolutism allows rulers to act without legal or parliamentary constraints .
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alliance
alliance
[noun]

a formal agreement or treaty establishing cooperation between nations or groups for shared objectives

Ex: Cultural alliances between universities foster academic exchange and collaboration in research .
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ambassador

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

Ex: The newly appointed ambassador is expected to arrive at the foreign capital next month to assume his duties .
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assembly
assembly
[noun]

the act of gathering together to achieve a common goal

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autonomy
autonomy
[noun]

(of a country, region, etc.) the state of being independent and free from external control

Ex: After gaining autonomy, the country established its own laws and governance structures .
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ballot
ballot
[noun]

a document listing the options or candidates used in voting

Ex: Each ballot was checked for accuracy before distribution .
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bilateral
bilateral
[Adjective]

concerning two groups or countries

Ex: A bilateral agreement was reached on environmental protection .
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balance of power

the situation in which a group of countries have enough military or political power to prevent a country from controlling other countries

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bureau
bureau
[noun]

a specific section within a government department which is responsible for specific tasks, functions, etc.

Ex: The education bureau focuses on developing curriculum standards and ensuring the quality of education in schools across the region .
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candidacy
candidacy
[noun]

the state of being a candidate in an election

Ex: He withdrew his candidacy after the primary results .
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capitalism

an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government

Ex: The collapse of the socialist regimes in Eastern Europe marked a shift towards capitalism in those countries .
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diplomacy
diplomacy
[noun]

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

Ex: His sharp diplomacy secured a vital trade agreement for his country .
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constitution

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

Ex: The constitution of South Africa , adopted in 1996 , enshrines the principles of equality and human dignity as core values of the nation .
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European Union

a union of 27 European states that is formed to strengthen the economic and political bonds between its members

Ex: Many countries apply for membership in the European Union to improve trade relations .
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fanatic
fanatic
[noun]

an overenthusiastic individual, especially one who is devoted to a radical political or religious cause

Ex: The group was led by a fanatic who believed strongly in his radical ideology .
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ideological
ideological
[Adjective]

based on or relating to a specific set of political or economic views or policies

Ex: The ideological shift towards free-market capitalism led to changes in economic policy .
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independence

the state of being free from the control of others

Ex: Many people strive for independence in their careers , seeking self-sufficiency .
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internationally

in a way that relates to multiple nations or the entire world

Ex: The film premiered internationally, showcasing cultural diversity .
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globalism
globalism
[noun]

a belief in which the actions of one country affect all other countries in the world and that economic policy is built on benefiting the whole world not an individual country

Ex: Globalism challenges traditional notions of sovereignty , as multinational organizations and agreements often influence national policies .
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upper middle class

a social class that its members have a high socioeconomic status and are between the middle and upper classes

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quota system

a system that allows a limited number of immigrants to officially enter a country annually

Ex: The quota system ensures that immigration levels remain manageable .
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refoulement

the illegal practice of forcing the asylum seekers or the refugees to return to the country where they are at risk of prosecution

Ex: The refugee camp provided a safe haven for those fleeing persecution , ensuring that they were protected from refoulement and given the opportunity to seek asylum .
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anarchy
anarchy
[noun]

the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control

Ex: The sudden resignation of all leaders resulted in anarchy within the organization .
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confirmation hearing

a session that each US Senate committee holds in order to determine whether a candidate should be confirmed or rejected for a high federal office

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