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Vocabulario para IELTS (Académico) - Política

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre política, como "congress", "federal", "ballot", etc. que se necesitan para el examen IELTS.

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Words for Academic IELTS
affair
[Sustantivo]

an event that concerns the public or is of political importance

asunto, caso

asunto, caso

bill
[Sustantivo]

a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about

proyecto de ley

proyecto de ley

Ex: The bill was delayed in the legislative process due to disagreements among committee members .El **proyecto de ley** se retrasó en el proceso legislativo debido a desacuerdos entre los miembros del comité.
congress
[Sustantivo]

(in some countries) the group of people who have been elected to make laws, which in the US it consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate

congreso

congreso

conservative
[Sustantivo]

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

conservador

conservador

Ex: Many conservative MPs voiced their concerns over the proposed tax reforms.Muchos diputados **conservadores** expresaron sus preocupaciones sobre las reformas fiscales propuestas.
council
[Sustantivo]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

concejo municipal

concejo municipal

Ex: The council proposed new environmental regulations .El **consejo** propuso nuevas regulaciones ambientales.
to debate
[Verbo]

to formally discuss a matter, usually in a structured setting

debatir

debatir

Ex: Politicians debated the proposed healthcare reform bill on the floor of the parliament .Los políticos **debaten** el proyecto de ley de reforma de salud propuesto en el piso del parlamento.
democracy
[Sustantivo]

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

democracia

democracia

Ex: In a democracy, the judiciary is independent from the executive and legislative branches .En una **democracia**, el poder judicial es independiente de los poderes ejecutivo y legislativo.
to elect
[Verbo]

to choose a person for a specific job, particularly a political one, by voting

elegir

elegir

Ex: The citizens of the country are electing new leaders who will shape the future .Los ciudadanos del país **eligen** a nuevos líderes que darán forma al futuro.
federal
[Adjetivo]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

federal

federal

Ex: The federal budget allocates funds for national priorities , including infrastructure and social services .El presupuesto **federal** asigna fondos para las prioridades nacionales, incluyendo infraestructura y servicios sociales.
to govern
[Verbo]

to regulate or control a person, course of action or event or the way something happens

dominar

dominar

Ex: The laws of physics govern the way objects move in the universe .Las leyes de la física **gobiernan** la forma en que los objetos se mueven en el universo.
activist
[Sustantivo]

a person who tries to bring about political or social change, especially someone who supports strong actions such as protests, etc.

activista

activista

Ex: He became an animal rights activist after witnessing the poor treatment of animals in factory farms .Se convirtió en un **activista** por los derechos de los animales después de presenciar el maltrato de los animales en las granjas industriales.
absolutism
[Sustantivo]

the belief in a political theory that stands for giving the total power to a single person or government at all times

absolutismo

absolutismo

Ex: Absolutism often involves the suppression of political opposition and the centralization of authority , contrasting sharply with the principles of constitutionalism and checks and balances .**El absolutismo** a menudo implica la supresión de la oposición política y la centralización de la autoridad, contrastando marcadamente con los principios del constitucionalismo y los controles y equilibrios.
alliance
[Sustantivo]

an association between countries, organizations, political parties, etc. in order to achieve common interests

alianza

alianza

Ex: Cultural alliances between universities foster academic exchange and collaboration in research .Las **alianzas** culturales entre universidades fomentan el intercambio académico y la colaboración en la investigación.
ambassador
[Sustantivo]

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

embajador

embajador

Ex: The newly appointed ambassador is expected to arrive at the foreign capital next month to assume his duties .Se espera que el recién nombrado **embajador** llegue a la capital extranjera el próximo mes para asumir sus funciones.
assembly
[Sustantivo]

the act of gathering together to achieve a common goal

asamblea

asamblea

autonomy
[Sustantivo]

(of a country, region, etc.) the state of being independent and free from external control

autonomía

autonomía

Ex: After gaining autonomy, the country established its own laws and governance structures .Después de obtener **la autonomía**, el país estableció sus propias leyes y estructuras de gobierno.
ballot
[Sustantivo]

a piece of paper on which a vote is written

papeleta

papeleta

Ex: The ballot was designed to be simple and clear to help voters make informed decisions .La **boleta electoral** fue diseñada para ser simple y clara para ayudar a los votantes a tomar decisiones informadas.
bilateral
[Adjetivo]

concerning two groups or countries

bilateral

bilateral

Ex: A bilateral agreement was reached on environmental protection .Se alcanzó un acuerdo **bilateral** sobre la protección del medio ambiente.
balance of power
[Sustantivo]

the situation in which a group of countries have enough military or political power to prevent a country from controlling other countries

equilibrio de poder

equilibrio de poder

bureau
[Sustantivo]

a specific section within a government department which is responsible for specific tasks, functions, etc.

departamento

departamento

Ex: The education bureau focuses on developing curriculum standards and ensuring the quality of education in schools across the region .La **oficina** de educación se centra en desarrollar estándares curriculares y garantizar la calidad de la educación en las escuelas de toda la región.
candidacy
[Sustantivo]

the fact or condition of being a candidate in an election

candidatura

candidatura

capitalism
[Sustantivo]

an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government

capitalismo

capitalismo

Ex: The collapse of the socialist regimes in Eastern Europe marked a shift towards capitalism in those countries .El colapso de los regímenes socialistas en Europa del Este marcó un cambio hacia el **capitalismo** en esos países.
diplomacy
[Sustantivo]

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

diplomacia

diplomacia

Ex: His sharp diplomacy secured a vital trade agreement for his country .
constitution
[Sustantivo]

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

constitución

constitución

Ex: The constitution of South Africa , adopted in 1996 , enshrines the principles of equality and human dignity as core values of the nation .La **constitución** de Sudáfrica, adoptada en 1996, consagra los principios de igualdad y dignidad humana como valores centrales de la nación.
European Union
[Sustantivo]

a union of 27 European states that is formed to strengthen the economic and political bonds between its members

UE

UE

Ex: Many countries apply for membership in the European Union to improve trade relations .Muchos países solicitan la membresía en la **Unión Europea** para mejorar las relaciones comerciales.
fanatic
[Sustantivo]

an overenthusiastic individual, especially one who is devoted to a radical political or religious cause

fanático

fanático

Ex: The group was led by a fanatic who believed strongly in his radical ideology .El grupo estaba liderado por un **fanático** que creía firmemente en su ideología radical.
ideological
[Adjetivo]

based on or relating to a specific set of political or economic views or policies

ideológico

ideológico

Ex: The ideological shift towards free-market capitalism led to changes in economic policy .El cambio **ideológico** hacia el capitalismo de libre mercado llevó a cambios en la política económica.
independence
[Sustantivo]

the state of being free from the control of others

independencia

independencia

Ex: Many people strive for independence in their careers , seeking self-sufficiency .Muchas personas luchan por la **independencia** en sus carreras, buscando la autosuficiencia.
internationally
[Adverbio]

in a way that relates to multiple nations or the entire world

internacionalmente

internacionalmente

Ex: The film premiered internationally, showcasing cultural diversity .La película se estrenó **internacionalmente**, mostrando la diversidad cultural.
globalism
[Sustantivo]

a belief in which the actions of one country affect all other countries in the world and that economic policy is built on benefiting the whole world not an individual country

globalismo

globalismo

Ex: Globalism challenges traditional notions of sovereignty , as multinational organizations and agreements often influence national policies .El **globalismo** desafía las nociones tradicionales de soberanía, ya que las organizaciones y acuerdos multinacionales a menudo influyen en las políticas nacionales.
upper middle class
[Sustantivo]

a social class that its members have a high socioeconomic status and are between the middle and upper classes

clase media alta

clase media alta

quota system
[Sustantivo]

a system that allows a limited number of immigrants to officially enter a country annually

ley de cuotas

ley de cuotas

Ex: The quota system ensures that immigration levels remain manageable .El **sistema de cuotas** asegura que los niveles de inmigración se mantengan manejables.
refoulement
[Sustantivo]

the illegal practice of forcing the asylum seekers or the refugees to return to the country where they are at risk of prosecution

devolución

devolución

Ex: The refugee camp provided a safe haven for those fleeing persecution , ensuring that they were protected from refoulement and given the opportunity to seek asylum .El campo de refugiados proporcionó un refugio seguro para aquellos que huían de la persecución, asegurando que estuvieran protegidos contra el **refoulement** y tuvieran la oportunidad de solicitar asilo.
anarchy
[Sustantivo]

the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control

anarquía

anarquía

Ex: The sudden resignation of all leaders resulted in anarchy within the organization .La repentina renuncia de todos los líderes resultó en **anarquía** dentro de la organización.

a session that each US Senate committee holds in order to determine whether a candidate should be confirmed or rejected for a high federal office

audiencia de confirmación

audiencia de confirmación

Vocabulario para IELTS (Académico)
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