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Vocabulario para IELTS (Académico) - Política

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre política, como "congress", "federal", "ballot", etc. que se necesitan para el examen IELTS.

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Words for Academic IELTS
affair
affair
[Sustantivo]

a social gathering or event, often formal or noteworthy

asunto, caso

asunto, caso

Ex: The wedding was a lavish affair with hundreds of guests. 

La boda fue un asunto lujoso con cientos de invitados.

bill
bill
[Sustantivo]

a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about

proyecto de ley

proyecto de ley

Ex: The public had the opportunity to comment on the bill before it was voted on. 

El público tuvo la oportunidad de comentar el proyecto de ley antes de que se votara.

Congress
Congress
[Sustantivo]

the legislative body of the United States, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives

congreso

congreso

Ex: Congress debated the proposed budget for weeks. 

El Congreso debatió el presupuesto propuesto durante semanas.

conservative
conservative
[Sustantivo]

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

conservador

conservador

Ex: The conservative leader outlined the party's economic policies in a televised debate. 

El líder conservador delineó las políticas económicas del partido en un debate televisado.

council
council
[Sustantivo]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

concejo municipal

concejo municipal

Ex: The council members debated the housing plan. 

Los miembros del consejo debatieron el plan de vivienda.

to debate
to debate
[Verbo]

to formally discuss a matter, usually in a structured setting

debatir

debatir

Ex: The students debated the merits of implementing a dress code policy at their school. 

Los estudiantes debaten los méritos de implementar una política de código de vestimenta en su escuela.

democracy
democracy
[Sustantivo]

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

democracia

democracia

Ex: One of the pillars of a democracy is the right to vote. 

Uno de los pilares de la democracia es el derecho a votar.

to elect
to elect
[Verbo]

to choose a person for a specific job, particularly a political one, by voting

elegir

elegir

Ex: Voters have the responsibility to elect representatives who align with their values. 

Los votantes tienen la responsabilidad de elegir a representantes que se alineen con sus valores.

federal
federal
[Adjetivo]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

federal

federal

Ex: The country's federal structure divides powers between the national government and its states or provinces. 

La estructura federal del país divide los poderes entre el gobierno nacional y sus estados o provincias.

to govern
to govern
[Verbo]

to regulate or control a person, course of action or event or the way something happens

dominar

dominar

Ex: The rules of the game govern how players interact with each other, ensuring fair play and safety for all involved. 

Las reglas del juego gobiernan cómo los jugadores interactúan entre sí, asegurando un juego justo y la seguridad de todos los involucrados.

activist
activist
[Sustantivo]

a person who tries to bring about political or social change, especially someone who supports strong actions such as protests, etc.

activista

activista

Ex: The human rights activist spoke passionately about the need for justice and equality during the rally. 

El activista de derechos humanos habló apasionadamente sobre la necesidad de justicia e igualdad durante el mitin.

absolutism
absolutism
[Sustantivo]

the principle or system of unlimited and unchecked governmental power

absolutismo

absolutismo

Ex: Critics argued that absolutism stifled freedom of the press. 

Los críticos argumentaron que el absolutismo sofocaba la libertad de prensa.

alliance
alliance
[Sustantivo]

a formal agreement or treaty establishing cooperation between nations or groups for shared objectives

alianza

alianza

Ex: The business alliance between the two tech giants led to the development of innovative new products. 

La alianza comercial entre los dos gigantes tecnológicos condujo al desarrollo de nuevos productos innovadores.

ambassador
ambassador
[Sustantivo]

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

embajador

embajador

Ex: The ambassador met with the foreign minister to discuss trade agreements and international cooperation. 

El embajador se reunió con el ministro de relaciones exteriores para discutir acuerdos comerciales y cooperación internacional.

assembly
assembly
[Sustantivo]

the act of gathering together to achieve a common goal

asamblea

asamblea

autonomy
autonomy
[Sustantivo]

(of a country, region, etc.) the state of being independent and free from external control

autonomía

autonomía

Ex: Many people believe that granting autonomy to the province would lead to greater stability. 

Mucha gente cree que otorgar autonomía a la provincia conduciría a una mayor estabilidad.

ballot
ballot
[Sustantivo]

a document listing the options or candidates used in voting

papeleta

papeleta

Ex: She marked her choices carefully on the ballot. 

Ella marcó sus elecciones cuidadosamente en la papeleta de votación.

bilateral
bilateral
[Adjetivo]

concerning two groups or countries

bilateral

bilateral

Ex: The bilateral talks focused on improving diplomatic relations. 

Las conversaciones bilaterales se centraron en mejorar las relaciones diplomáticas.

balance of power
balance of power
[Sustantivo]

the situation in which a group of countries have enough military or political power to prevent a country from controlling other countries

equilibrio de poder

equilibrio de poder

bureau
bureau
[Sustantivo]

a specific section within a government department which is responsible for specific tasks, functions, etc.

departamento

departamento

Ex: The statistics bureau collects and analyzes data to provide accurate information for government planning and decision-making. 

La oficina de estadísticas recopila y analiza datos para proporcionar información precisa para la planificación y la toma de decisiones del gobierno.

candidacy
candidacy
[Sustantivo]

the state of being a candidate in an election

candidatura

candidatura

Ex: The party officially confirmed her candidacy last week. 

El partido confirmó oficialmente su candidatura la semana pasada.

capitalism
capitalism
[Sustantivo]

an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government

capitalismo

capitalismo

Ex: Critics of capitalism argue that it leads to income inequality and exploitation of labor. 

Los críticos del capitalismo argumentan que conduce a la desigualdad de ingresos y a la explotación laboral.

diplomacy
diplomacy
[Sustantivo]

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

diplomacia

diplomacia

Ex: Effective diplomacy requires patience, cultural understanding, and compromise. 

La diplomacia efectiva requiere paciencia, comprensión cultural y compromiso.

constitution
constitution
[Sustantivo]

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

constitución

constitución

Ex: The Indian constitution is one of the longest and most detailed in the world, outlining the structure of government and the rights of its people. 

La constitución india es una de las más largas y detalladas del mundo, que describe la estructura del gobierno y los derechos de su pueblo.

European Union
European Union
[Sustantivo]

a union of 27 European states that is formed to strengthen the economic and political bonds between its members

UE

UE

Ex: The European Union’s economy is one of the largest in the world. 

La economía de la Unión Europea es una de las más grandes del mundo.

fanatic
fanatic
[Sustantivo]

an overenthusiastic individual, especially one who is devoted to a radical political or religious cause

fanático

fanático

Ex: The political fanatic organized rallies to support his extreme views. 

El fanático político organizó mítines para apoyar sus puntos de vista extremos.

ideological
ideological
[Adjetivo]

based on or relating to a specific set of political or economic views or policies

ideológico

ideológico

Ex: He rejected the ideological dogma of the regime and sought political reform. 

Rechazó el dogma ideológico del régimen y buscó una reforma política.

independence
independence
[Sustantivo]

the state of being free from the control of others

independencia

independencia

Ex: She valued her independence and preferred to make decisions on her own. 

Ella valoraba su independencia y prefería tomar decisiones por su cuenta.

internationally
internationally
[Adverbio]

in a way that relates to multiple nations or the entire world

internacionalmente

internacionalmente

Ex: The treaty was negotiated and agreed upon internationally to promote peace. 

El tratado fue negociado y acordado internacionalmente para promover la paz.

globalism
globalism
[Sustantivo]

a belief in which the actions of one country affect all other countries in the world and that economic policy is built on benefiting the whole world not an individual country

globalismo

globalismo

Ex: Proponents of globalism believe that it promotes peace and understanding by encouraging cooperation and exchange between countries. 

Los defensores del globalismo creen que promueve la paz y el entendimiento al fomentar la cooperación y el intercambio entre países.

upper middle class
upper middle class
[Sustantivo]

a social class that its members have a high socioeconomic status and are between the middle and upper classes

clase media alta

clase media alta

quota system
quota system
[Sustantivo]

a system that allows a limited number of immigrants to officially enter a country annually

ley de cuotas

ley de cuotas

Ex: They had to wait for the next year’s quota system to apply for immigration. 

Tuvieron que esperar al sistema de cuotas del próximo año para solicitar inmigración.

refoulement
refoulement
[Sustantivo]

the illegal practice of forcing the asylum seekers or the refugees to return to the country where they are at risk of prosecution

devolución

devolución

Ex: Despite international condemnation, reports emerged of border officials engaging in refoulement practices, denying asylum seekers their right to seek protection. 

A pesar de la condena internacional, surgieron informes de funcionarios fronterizos que participan en prácticas de refoulement, negando a los solicitantes de asilo su derecho a buscar protección.

anarchy
anarchy
[Sustantivo]

the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control

anarquía

anarquía

Ex: The collapse of the central authority led to widespread anarchy in the region. 

El colapso de la autoridad central llevó a una anarquía generalizada en la región.

confirmation hearing

a session that each US Senate committee holds in order to determine whether a candidate should be confirmed or rejected for a high federal office

audiencia de confirmación

audiencia de confirmación

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