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Vocabulario para IELTS (Académico) - Política

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre política, como "congress", "federal", "ballot", etc. que se necesitan para el examen IELTS.

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Words for Academic IELTS
affair
affair
[Sustantivo]

a social gathering or event, often formal or noteworthy

asunto, caso

asunto, caso

Ex: Invitations were sent for the charitable affair.
bill
bill
[Sustantivo]

a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about

proyecto de ley

proyecto de ley

Ex: The bill was delayed in the legislative process due to disagreements among committee members .El **proyecto de ley** se retrasó en el proceso legislativo debido a desacuerdos entre los miembros del comité.
Congress
Congress
[Sustantivo]

the legislative body of the United States, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives

congreso

congreso

Ex: The law was reviewed and approved by Congress.
conservative
conservative
[Sustantivo]

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

conservador

conservador

Ex: Many conservative MPs voiced their concerns over the proposed tax reforms.Muchos diputados **conservadores** expresaron sus preocupaciones sobre las reformas fiscales propuestas.
council
council
[Sustantivo]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

concejo municipal

concejo municipal

Ex: The council proposed new environmental regulations .El **consejo** propuso nuevas regulaciones ambientales.
to debate
to debate
[Verbo]

to formally discuss a matter, usually in a structured setting

debatir

debatir

Ex: Politicians debated the proposed healthcare reform bill on the floor of the parliament .Los políticos **debaten** el proyecto de ley de reforma de salud propuesto en el piso del parlamento.
democracy
democracy
[Sustantivo]

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

democracia

democracia

Ex: In a democracy, the judiciary is independent from the executive and legislative branches .En una **democracia**, el poder judicial es independiente de los poderes ejecutivo y legislativo.
to elect
to elect
[Verbo]

to choose a person for a specific job, particularly a political one, by voting

elegir

elegir

Ex: The citizens of the country are electing new leaders who will shape the future .
federal
federal
[Adjetivo]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

federal

federal

Ex: The federal budget allocates funds for national priorities , including infrastructure and social services .El presupuesto **federal** asigna fondos para las prioridades nacionales, incluyendo infraestructura y servicios sociales.
to govern
to govern
[Verbo]

to regulate or control a person, course of action or event or the way something happens

dominar

dominar

Ex: The laws of physics govern the way objects move in the universe .Las leyes de la física **gobiernan** la forma en que los objetos se mueven en el universo.
activist
activist
[Sustantivo]

a person who tries to bring about political or social change, especially someone who supports strong actions such as protests, etc.

activista

activista

Ex: He became an animal rights activist after witnessing the poor treatment of animals in factory farms .Se convirtió en un **activista** por los derechos de los animales después de presenciar el maltrato de los animales en las granjas industriales.
absolutism
absolutism
[Sustantivo]

the principle or system of unlimited and unchecked governmental power

absolutismo

absolutismo

Ex: Absolutism allows rulers to act without legal or parliamentary constraints .
alliance
alliance
[Sustantivo]

a formal agreement or treaty establishing cooperation between nations or groups for shared objectives

alianza

alianza

Ex: Cultural alliances between universities foster academic exchange and collaboration in research .
ambassador
ambassador
[Sustantivo]

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

embajador

embajador

Ex: The newly appointed ambassador is expected to arrive at the foreign capital next month to assume his duties .Se espera que el recién nombrado **embajador** llegue a la capital extranjera el próximo mes para asumir sus funciones.
assembly
assembly
[Sustantivo]

the act of gathering together to achieve a common goal

asamblea

asamblea

autonomy
autonomy
[Sustantivo]

(of a country, region, etc.) the state of being independent and free from external control

autonomía

autonomía

Ex: After gaining autonomy, the country established its own laws and governance structures .Después de obtener **la autonomía**, el país estableció sus propias leyes y estructuras de gobierno.
ballot
ballot
[Sustantivo]

a document listing the options or candidates used in voting

papeleta

papeleta

Ex: Each ballot was checked for accuracy before distribution .
bilateral
bilateral
[Adjetivo]

concerning two groups or countries

bilateral

bilateral

Ex: A bilateral agreement was reached on environmental protection .Se alcanzó un acuerdo **bilateral** sobre la protección del medio ambiente.
balance of power
balance of power
[Sustantivo]

the situation in which a group of countries have enough military or political power to prevent a country from controlling other countries

equilibrio de poder

equilibrio de poder

bureau
bureau
[Sustantivo]

a specific section within a government department which is responsible for specific tasks, functions, etc.

departamento

departamento

Ex: The education bureau focuses on developing curriculum standards and ensuring the quality of education in schools across the region .La **oficina** de educación se centra en desarrollar estándares curriculares y garantizar la calidad de la educación en las escuelas de toda la región.
candidacy
candidacy
[Sustantivo]

the fact or condition of being a candidate in an election

candidatura

candidatura

capitalism
capitalism
[Sustantivo]

an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government

capitalismo

capitalismo

Ex: The collapse of the socialist regimes in Eastern Europe marked a shift towards capitalism in those countries .El colapso de los regímenes socialistas en Europa del Este marcó un cambio hacia el **capitalismo** en esos países.
diplomacy
diplomacy
[Sustantivo]

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

diplomacia

diplomacia

Ex: His sharp diplomacy secured a vital trade agreement for his country .
constitution
constitution
[Sustantivo]

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

constitución

constitución

Ex: The constitution of South Africa , adopted in 1996 , enshrines the principles of equality and human dignity as core values of the nation .La **constitución** de Sudáfrica, adoptada en 1996, consagra los principios de igualdad y dignidad humana como valores centrales de la nación.
European Union
European Union
[Sustantivo]

a union of 27 European states that is formed to strengthen the economic and political bonds between its members

UE

UE

Ex: Many countries apply for membership in the European Union to improve trade relations .Muchos países solicitan la membresía en la **Unión Europea** para mejorar las relaciones comerciales.
fanatic
fanatic
[Sustantivo]

an overenthusiastic individual, especially one who is devoted to a radical political or religious cause

fanático

fanático

Ex: The group was led by a fanatic who believed strongly in his radical ideology .El grupo estaba liderado por un **fanático** que creía firmemente en su ideología radical.
ideological
ideological
[Adjetivo]

based on or relating to a specific set of political or economic views or policies

ideológico

ideológico

Ex: The ideological shift towards free-market capitalism led to changes in economic policy .El cambio **ideológico** hacia el capitalismo de libre mercado llevó a cambios en la política económica.
independence
independence
[Sustantivo]

the state of being free from the control of others

independencia

independencia

Ex: Many people strive for independence in their careers , seeking self-sufficiency .Muchas personas luchan por la **independencia** en sus carreras, buscando la autosuficiencia.
internationally
internationally
[Adverbio]

in a way that relates to multiple nations or the entire world

internacionalmente

internacionalmente

Ex: The film premiered internationally, showcasing cultural diversity .La película se estrenó **internacionalmente**, mostrando la diversidad cultural.
globalism
globalism
[Sustantivo]

a belief in which the actions of one country affect all other countries in the world and that economic policy is built on benefiting the whole world not an individual country

globalismo

globalismo

Ex: Globalism challenges traditional notions of sovereignty , as multinational organizations and agreements often influence national policies .El **globalismo** desafía las nociones tradicionales de soberanía, ya que las organizaciones y acuerdos multinacionales a menudo influyen en las políticas nacionales.
upper middle class
upper middle class
[Sustantivo]

a social class that its members have a high socioeconomic status and are between the middle and upper classes

clase media alta

clase media alta

quota system
quota system
[Sustantivo]

a system that allows a limited number of immigrants to officially enter a country annually

ley de cuotas

ley de cuotas

Ex: The quota system ensures that immigration levels remain manageable .El **sistema de cuotas** asegura que los niveles de inmigración se mantengan manejables.
refoulement
refoulement
[Sustantivo]

the illegal practice of forcing the asylum seekers or the refugees to return to the country where they are at risk of prosecution

devolución

devolución

Ex: The refugee camp provided a safe haven for those fleeing persecution , ensuring that they were protected from refoulement and given the opportunity to seek asylum .El campo de refugiados proporcionó un refugio seguro para aquellos que huían de la persecución, asegurando que estuvieran protegidos contra el **refoulement** y tuvieran la oportunidad de solicitar asilo.
anarchy
anarchy
[Sustantivo]

the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control

anarquía

anarquía

Ex: The sudden resignation of all leaders resulted in anarchy within the organization .La repentina renuncia de todos los líderes resultó en **anarquía** dentro de la organización.
confirmation hearing

a session that each US Senate committee holds in order to determine whether a candidate should be confirmed or rejected for a high federal office

audiencia de confirmación

audiencia de confirmación

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