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Từ Vựng cho IELTS (Học Thuật) - Politics

Ở đây bạn sẽ học một số từ tiếng Anh về chính trị, như "quốc hội", "liên bang", "phiếu bầu", v.v., cần thiết cho kỳ thi IELTS.

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Bắt đầu học
Words for Academic IELTS
affair
affair
[Danh từ]

a social gathering or event, often formal or noteworthy

sự kiện, tiệc chiêu đãi

sự kiện, tiệc chiêu đãi

Ex: The gala was a grand affair. 
bill
bill
[Danh từ]

a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about

dự luật, đề xuất luật

dự luật, đề xuất luật

Ex: After several debates, the bill was passed and became law. 
Congress
Congress
[Danh từ]

the legislative body of the United States, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives

Quốc hội, Cơ quan lập pháp

Quốc hội, Cơ quan lập pháp

Ex: Congress passed a new healthcare bill. 
conservative
conservative
[Danh từ]

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

người bảo thủ, người theo chủ nghĩa truyền thống

người bảo thủ, người theo chủ nghĩa truyền thống

Ex: The conservative candidate won the election by a narrow margin. 
council
council
[Danh từ]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

hội đồng, ủy ban

hội đồng, ủy ban

Ex: She was elected to serve on the local council. 
to debate
to debate
[Động từ]

to formally discuss a matter, usually in a structured setting

tranh luận, thảo luận

tranh luận, thảo luận

Ex: The candidates took the stage to debate their views on important issues in front of a live audience 
democracy
democracy
[Danh từ]

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

dân chủ

dân chủ

Ex: In a democracy, all citizens have the right to express their opinions freely and participate in decision-making processes. 
to elect
to elect
[Động từ]

to choose a person for a specific job, particularly a political one, by voting

bầu chọn, chọn bằng cách bỏ phiếu

bầu chọn, chọn bằng cách bỏ phiếu

Ex: Citizens will elect a new mayor in the upcoming municipal elections. 
federal
federal
[Tính từ]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

liên bang, trung ương

liên bang, trung ương

Ex: Federal laws apply uniformly across the entire country. 
to govern
to govern
[Động từ]

to regulate or control a person, course of action or event or the way something happens

điều chỉnh, kiểm soát

điều chỉnh, kiểm soát

Ex: The new laws will govern how companies can handle customer data to ensure privacy and security. 
activist
activist
[Danh từ]

a person who tries to bring about political or social change, especially someone who supports strong actions such as protests, etc.

nhà hoạt động, người tích cực

nhà hoạt động, người tích cực

Ex: The activist organized a large protest to demand better working conditions for factory employees. 
absolutism
absolutism
[Danh từ]

the principle or system of unlimited and unchecked governmental power

chủ nghĩa chuyên chế, chế độ chuyên quyền

chủ nghĩa chuyên chế, chế độ chuyên quyền

Ex: The monarch ruled under the doctrine of political absolutism. 
alliance
alliance
[Danh từ]

a formal agreement or treaty establishing cooperation between nations or groups for shared objectives

liên minh, hiệp ước

liên minh, hiệp ước

Ex: The military alliance between the two countries was formed to enhance mutual defense capabilities. 
ambassador
ambassador
[Danh từ]

a senior official whose job is living in a foreign country and representing their own country

đại sứ, sứ giả

đại sứ, sứ giả

Ex: The ambassador hosted a reception at the embassy to strengthen diplomatic relations between the two nations. 
assembly
assembly
[Danh từ]

the act of gathering together to achieve a common goal

hội nghị,  cuộc họp

hội nghị, cuộc họp

autonomy
autonomy
[Danh từ]

(of a country, region, etc.) the state of being independent and free from external control

tự trị

tự trị

Ex: The region fought for years to achieve autonomy from the central government. 
ballot
ballot
[Danh từ]

a document listing the options or candidates used in voting

phiếu bầu, phiếu

phiếu bầu, phiếu

Ex: Voters received their ballot at the polling station. 
bilateral
bilateral
[Tính từ]

concerning two groups or countries

song phương

song phương

Ex: The two nations signed a bilateral trade agreement. 
balance of power
balance of power
[Danh từ]

the situation in which a group of countries have enough military or political power to prevent a country from controlling other countries

cân bằng quyền lực, thế cân bằng lực lượng

cân bằng quyền lực, thế cân bằng lực lượng

bureau
bureau
[Danh từ]

a specific section within a government department which is responsible for specific tasks, functions, etc.

cục

cục

Ex: The environmental protection bureau is responsible for overseeing and implementing policies related to conservation and pollution control. 
candidacy
candidacy
[Danh từ]

the state of being a candidate in an election

ứng cử, ứng cử

ứng cử, ứng cử

Ex: She announced her candidacy for mayor. 
capitalism
capitalism
[Danh từ]

an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government

chủ nghĩa tư bản, hệ thống tư bản chủ nghĩa

chủ nghĩa tư bản, hệ thống tư bản chủ nghĩa

Ex: Capitalism is an economic system where private individuals and businesses own the means of production and operate for profit. 
diplomacy
diplomacy
[Danh từ]

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

ngoại giao

ngoại giao

Ex: Diplomacy helped prevent the two nations from going to war. 
constitution
constitution
[Danh từ]

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

hiến pháp

hiến pháp

Ex: The constitution of this country guarantees freedom of speech and the separation of powers among its branches of government. 
European Union
European Union
[Danh từ]

a union of 27 European states that is formed to strengthen the economic and political bonds between its members

Liên minh Châu Âu

Liên minh Châu Âu

Ex: The European Union has policies to promote free trade among its member states. 
fanatic
fanatic
[Danh từ]

an overenthusiastic individual, especially one who is devoted to a radical political or religious cause

người cuồng tín, kẻ cực đoan

người cuồng tín, kẻ cực đoan

Ex: The protest was peaceful until a group of fanatics began shouting radical slogans. 
ideological
ideological
[Tính từ]

based on or relating to a specific set of political or economic views or policies

thuộc hệ tư tưởng

thuộc hệ tư tưởng

Ex: The party's platform is rooted in ideological principles of liberalism and social justice. 
independence
independence
[Danh từ]

the state of being free from the control of others

độc lập, tự chủ

độc lập, tự chủ

Ex: The country gained its independence after years of colonial rule. 
internationally
internationally
[Trạng từ]

in a way that relates to multiple nations or the entire world

một cách quốc tế, trên phạm vi quốc tế

một cách quốc tế, trên phạm vi quốc tế

Ex: The conference attracted participants and experts internationally. 
globalism
globalism
[Danh từ]

a belief in which the actions of one country affect all other countries in the world and that economic policy is built on benefiting the whole world not an individual country

chủ nghĩa toàn cầu, toàn cầu hóa

chủ nghĩa toàn cầu, toàn cầu hóa

Ex: Globalism has led to increased economic interdependence among nations, fostering international trade and investment. 
upper middle class

a social class that its members have a high socioeconomic status and are between the middle and upper classes

tầng lớp trung lưu trên, tư sản cao cấp

tầng lớp trung lưu trên, tư sản cao cấp

quota system
quota system
[Danh từ]

a system that allows a limited number of immigrants to officially enter a country annually

hệ thống hạn ngạch, chế độ hạn ngạch

hệ thống hạn ngạch, chế độ hạn ngạch

Ex: The government implemented a quota system to control immigration numbers. 
refoulement
refoulement
[Danh từ]

the illegal practice of forcing the asylum seekers or the refugees to return to the country where they are at risk of prosecution

trục xuất

trục xuất

Ex: Human rights organizations condemned the government's policy of refoulement, arguing that it violated fundamental principles of asylum and protection. 
anarchy
anarchy
[Danh từ]

the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control

hỗn loạn, vô chính phủ

hỗn loạn, vô chính phủ

Ex: The country descended into anarchy after the government was overthrown. 
confirmation hearing

a session that each US Senate committee holds in order to determine whether a candidate should be confirmed or rejected for a high federal office

phiên điều trần xác nhận, phiên điều trần để xác nhận

phiên điều trần xác nhận, phiên điều trần để xác nhận

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