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Vocabulário para IELTS (Acadêmico) - Política

Aqui você aprenderá algumas palavras em inglês sobre política, como "congresso", "federal", "cédula", etc., que são necessárias para o exame IELTS.

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Words for Academic IELTS
affair
affair
[substantivo]

a social gathering or event, often formal or noteworthy

evento, recepção

evento, recepção

Ex: The wedding was a lavish affair with hundreds of guests. 
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bill
bill
[substantivo]

a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about

projeto de lei, proposta de lei

projeto de lei, proposta de lei

Ex: The public had the opportunity to comment on the bill before it was voted on. 
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Congress
Congress
[substantivo]

the legislative body of the United States, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives

Congresso, Corpo legislativo

Congresso, Corpo legislativo

Ex: Congress debated the proposed budget for weeks. 
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conservative
conservative
[substantivo]

a person who aligns with or supports the principles and policies traditionally associated with conservative political ideologies

conservador, tradicionalista

conservador, tradicionalista

Ex: She describes herself as a conservative. 
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council
council
[substantivo]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

conselho, câmara

conselho, câmara

Ex: The council members debated the housing plan. 
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to debate
to debate
[verbo]

to formally discuss a matter, usually in a structured setting

debater, discutir

debater, discutir

Ex: The students debated the merits of implementing a dress code policy at their school. 
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democracy
democracy
[substantivo]

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

democracia

democracia

Ex: One of the pillars of a democracy is the right to vote. 
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to elect
to elect
[verbo]

to choose a person for a specific job, particularly a political one, by voting

eleger, escolher por votação

eleger, escolher por votação

Ex: Voters have the responsibility to elect representatives who align with their values. 
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federal
federal
[adjetivo]

relating to the central government of a country rather than the local or regional governments

federal, nacional

federal, nacional

Ex: The federal budget allocates funds for national priorities, including infrastructure and social services. 

O orçamento federal aloca fundos para prioridades nacionais, incluindo infraestrutura e serviços sociais.

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to govern
to govern
[verbo]

to control or determine how an activity, process, or situation operates or develops

Ex: Safety regulations have governed the operation of the plant for decades. 
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activist
activist
[substantivo]

a person who actively campaigns for social, political, environmental, or other change

ativista

ativista

Ex: Several community activists attended the public meeting. 
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absolutism
absolutism
[substantivo]

the principle or system of unlimited and unchecked governmental power

absolutismo, despotismo

absolutismo, despotismo

Ex: Absolutism allows rulers to act without legal or parliamentary constraints. 

Absolutismo permite que os governantes ajam sem restrições legais ou parlamentares.

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alliance
alliance
[substantivo]

a formal agreement or treaty establishing cooperation between nations or groups for shared objectives

aliança, pacto

aliança, pacto

Ex: The business alliance between the two tech giants led to the development of innovative new products. 
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ambassador
ambassador
[substantivo]

a senior diplomatic official who represents their country in another country or at an international organization

Ex: The ambassador gave a speech at the international conference. 
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assembly
assembly
[substantivo]

the act of gathering together to achieve a common goal

assembleia,  reunião

assembleia, reunião

Ex: The project began with the assembly of experts from several fields. 
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autonomy
autonomy
[substantivo]

the freedom of a country, region, or organization to govern itself independently

Ex: The organization retained considerable autonomy in managing its internal affairs. 
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ballot
ballot
[substantivo]

a document listing the options or candidates used in voting

cédula eleitoral, voto

cédula eleitoral, voto

Ex: Each ballot was checked for accuracy before distribution. 

Cada cédula foi verificada quanto à precisão antes da distribuição.

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bilateral
bilateral
[adjetivo]

concerning two groups or countries

bilateral

bilateral

Ex: A bilateral agreement was reached on environmental protection. 

Foi alcançado um acordo bilateral sobre proteção ambiental.

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balance of power
balance of power
[substantivo]

the situation in which a group of countries have enough military or political power to prevent a country from controlling other countries

equilíbrio de poder, balanço de poder

equilíbrio de poder, balanço de poder

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bureau
bureau
[substantivo]

a government department or a division of one responsible for a particular area of work

departamento,  repartição

departamento, repartição

Ex: The complaint was referred to the appropriate government bureau. 
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candidacy
candidacy
[substantivo]

the state of being a candidate in an election

candidatura, candidatura

candidatura, candidatura

Ex: He withdrew his candidacy after the primary results. 

Ele retirou sua candidatura após os resultados das primárias.

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capitalism
capitalism
[substantivo]

an economic system in which property and businesses are primarily privately owned and operated for profit

capitalismo

capitalismo

Ex: Sarah wrote an essay comparing capitalism with other economic systems. 
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diplomacy
diplomacy
[substantivo]

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

diplomacia

diplomacia

Ex: His sharp diplomacy secured a vital trade agreement for his country. 

Sua diplomacia afiada garantiu um acordo comercial vital para seu país.

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constitution
constitution
[substantivo]

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

constituição

constituição

Ex: The Indian constitution is one of the longest and most detailed in the world, outlining the structure of government and the rights of its people. 
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European Union
European Union
[substantivo]

a union of 27 European states that is formed to strengthen the economic and political bonds between its members

União Europeia

União Europeia

Ex: Many countries apply for membership in the European Union to improve trade relations. 

Muitos países solicitam adesão à União Europeia para melhorar as relações comerciais.

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fanatic
fanatic
[substantivo]

an overenthusiastic individual, especially one who is devoted to a radical political or religious cause

fanático, extremista

fanático, extremista

Ex: The group was led by a fanatic who believed strongly in his radical ideology. 

O grupo foi liderado por um fanático que acreditava fortemente em sua ideologia radical.

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ideological
ideological
[adjetivo]

based on or relating to a specific set of political or economic views or policies

ideológico

ideológico

Ex: The ideological shift towards free-market capitalism led to changes in economic policy. 

A mudança ideológica em direção ao capitalismo de livre mercado levou a mudanças na política econômica.

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independence
independence
[substantivo]

the state of being free from the control of others

independência, autonomia

independência, autonomia

Ex: She valued her independence and preferred to make decisions on her own. 
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internationally
internationally
[advérbio]

in a way that relates to multiple nations or the entire world

internacionalmente, em nível internacional

internacionalmente, em nível internacional

Ex: The treaty was negotiated and agreed upon internationally to promote peace. 

O tratado foi negociado e acordado internacionalmente para promover a paz.

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globalism
globalism
[substantivo]

a belief in which the actions of one country affect all other countries in the world and that economic policy is built on benefiting the whole world not an individual country

globalismo, mundialismo

globalismo, mundialismo

Ex: Globalism challenges traditional notions of sovereignty, as multinational organizations and agreements often influence national policies. 

O globalismo desafia as noções tradicionais de soberania, uma vez que organizações e acordos multinacionais frequentemente influenciam políticas nacionais.

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upper middle class
upper middle class
[substantivo]

a social class that its members have a high socioeconomic status and are between the middle and upper classes

classe média alta, alta burguesia

classe média alta, alta burguesia

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quota system
quota system
[substantivo]

a system that allows a limited number of immigrants to officially enter a country annually

sistema de cotas, regime de cotas

sistema de cotas, regime de cotas

Ex: The quota system ensures that immigration levels remain manageable. 

O sistema de cotas garante que os níveis de imigração permaneçam gerenciáveis.

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refoulement
refoulement
[substantivo]

the illegal practice of forcing the asylum seekers or the refugees to return to the country where they are at risk of prosecution

devolução

devolução

Ex: The refugee camp provided a safe haven for those fleeing persecution, ensuring that they were protected from refoulement and given the opportunity to seek asylum. 

O campo de refugiados proporcionou um refúgio seguro para aqueles que fugiam da perseguição, garantindo que estivessem protegidos contra o refoulement e tivessem a oportunidade de pedir asilo.

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anarchy
anarchy
[substantivo]

the state of an organization or country that is lacking in order, authority, or control

anarquia, caos

anarquia, caos

Ex: The sudden resignation of all leaders resulted in anarchy within the organization. 

A repentina renúncia de todos os líderes resultou em anarquia dentro da organização.

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confirmation hearing

a session that each US Senate committee holds in order to determine whether a candidate should be confirmed or rejected for a high federal office

audiência de confirmação, audiência para confirmação

audiência de confirmação, audiência para confirmação

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