Words Related to Health and Sickness - Infectious Diseases
Here you will learn some English words related to infectious diseases such as "pneumonia", "chickenpox", and "leprosy".
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yellow fever
[noun]
a tropical viral disease, characterized by fever, muscle pain, etc. which consequently leads to jaundice and potential death, transmitted by infected mosquitoes
tetanus
[noun]
a severe infectious disease marked by painful muscle contractions, particularly that of the jaw, as a result of bacteria invading the body through cuts or wounds
swine flu
[noun]
a potentially fatal disease passed between humans that is caused by an influenza strain similar to swine flu in pigs
smallpox
[noun]
an acute infectious disease characterized by fever and skin eruption, usually leaving permanent scars
scrapie
[noun]
an infectious and often fatal disease that mainly affects the nervous system of sheep
SARS
[noun]
a viral illness that primarily affects the respiratory system, causing symptoms such as fever, coughing, and breathing difficulties, and it can lead to severe illness and even death
SARS-CoV-2
[noun]
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, a variation of coronavirus that was first reported back in 2019
pneumonia
[noun]
the infection and inflammation of air sacs in one's lungs, usually caused by a bacterial infection that makes breathing difficult
plague
[noun]
a dangerous disease spread by rats that causes fever and swellings, often kills if infected
pertussis
[noun]
a contagious respiratory disease often characterized by violent coughs and breathing difficulties
meningitis
[noun]
a serious infectious disease characterized by inflammation of the thin protective tissue that covers the brain and spinal cord, causing intense headaches and high temperature
measles
[noun]
a contagious disease that causes high fever and small red spots on the body, common in children
croup
[noun]
a common respiratory infection in children that causes swelling around the vocal cords
Covid-19
[noun]
an infectious disease caused by a type of virus called coronavirus that causes fever, tiredness, a cough, etc., and in some cases can kill, originated in China and later became a pandemic
common cold
[noun]
a viral infectious disease that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract and can be caused by several different types of viruses
cholera
[noun]
a potentially fatal illness that is acquired from consumption of water or food contaminated with particular bacteria, causing diarrhea and vomiting
chickenpox
[noun]
a contagious disease that causes a mild fever and an itchy rash with blisters, primarily affects children
long Covid
[noun]
a medical condition wherein people continue to experience COVID-19 symptoms for weeks or months after they begin to recover
leprosy
[noun]
a chronic infectious disease caused by a bacteria called Mycobacterium leprae that can affect the nerves, skin, eyes, and lining of the nose
rubella
[noun]
a contagious viral illness, often occurring in children, that causes a red rash on the body as well as symptoms like fever, sore throat, and eye redness
gastric flu
[noun]
an intestinal infection that often causes watery diarrhea, inflammation, nausea, vomiting, or fever
paratyphoid fever
[noun]
a bacterial infection causing symptoms similar to typhoid fever, transmitted through contaminated food or water, and treated with antibiotics
mumps
[noun]
an infectious viral disease characterized by fever and the painful swelling of the neck
diphtheria
[noun]
a chronic infection caused by a gram-positive bacterium and characterized by the formation of a false membrane in the air passages, particularly those of the throat
influenza
[noun]
an infectious disease caused by a type of virus that attacks the nose, lungs, and throat
avian flu
[noun]
a type of influenza virus that rapidly spreads among birds and in rare cases, it can affect humans as well
giardiasis
[noun]
an intestinal infection caused by the parasite Giardia lamblia, leading to symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and nausea
infectious mononucleosis
[noun]
a viral infection primarily caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, leading to symptoms like extreme fatigue, sore throat, and swollen glands
malaria
[noun]
a potentially fatal disease normally transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito
toxic shock syndrome
[noun]
a rare, potentially life-threatening condition caused by bacterial toxins, often associated with tampon use in menstruating individuals
typhoid
[noun]
a serious and potentially life-threatening disease marked by high fever, diarrhea, and red spots that appear on the chest and abdomen
tuberculosis
[noun]
a potentially severe bacterial disease that primarily affects the lungs and causes swellings to appear on them or other parts of the body
bubonic plague
[noun]
a highly contagious and often fatal bacterial infection characterized by painful swollen lymph nodes, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and transmitted through the bite of infected fleas
cytomegalovirus
[noun]
a common herpesvirus that may cause mild to severe illness, particularly in individuals with weakened immune system, and is transmitted through bodily fluids
epstein-barr virus
[noun]
a common herpesvirus associated with infectious mononucleosis and can cause various illnesses, transmitted through saliva
legionnaires' disease
[noun]
a severe form of pneumonia caused by the bacterium Legionella, often contracted through inhaling contaminated water droplets
leptospirosis
[noun]
a bacterial infection transmitted through contact with contaminated water or soil, causing flu-like symptoms and potentially severe complications
scarlet fever
[noun]
a childhood illness with a red rash, sore throat, and fever caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria
scrofula
[noun]
a swelling of the lymph nodes, often in the neck, caused by tuberculosis or other bacterial infections
typhus
[noun]
a potentially fatal disease characterized by high temperature and appearance of purple marks on the body
weil's disease
[noun]
a bacterial infection caused by the Leptospira bacteria, transmitted through contact with water or soil contaminated with the urine of infected animals
yaws
[noun]
a tropical bacterial infection that causes chronic skin lesions and bone deformities, primarily affecting children in impoverished regions
anthrax
[noun]
a serious bacterial disease of warm-blooded animals, particularly cattle and sheep, that can be transmitted to people by contaminated wool, raw meat, or other animal products
toxoplasmosis
[noun]
a parasitic disease that mainly affects unborn children and is mostly transmitted through undercooked meat, soil, or cat feces
dengue fever
[noun]
a mosquito-borne viral infection causing flu-like symptoms and, in severe cases, potentially leading to hemorrhagic fever or shock
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
[noun]
a tick-borne infectious disease caused by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii, characterized by fever, rash, and, if untreated, potential complications involving multiple organ systems
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