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Scienze Naturali SAT - Anatomia e genetica
Qui imparerai alcune parole inglesi legate all'anatomia e alla genetica, come "milza", "arteria", "aploide", ecc. che ti serviranno per superare i tuoi SAT.
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(anatomy) the muscular body partition that separates the chest and abdomen
diaframma
a sack of tissue that is attached to the large intestine and is surgically removed if infected
appendice
relating to the intestines, which are part of the digestive system responsible for absorbing nutrients and removing waste from the body
intestinale
the front part of the brain involved in higher cognition and executive functions
corteccia prefrontale
(anatomy) an abdominal organ that controls the quality of the blood cells
milza
(anatomy) a bone of the shoulder girdle that connects the breastbone to the shoulder bone
clavicola
(anatomy) a spiral cavity in the inner ear that contains sensory organs which send nerve signals to the brain in response to vibrations
coclea
the first part of the large intestine, located in the lower right abdomen
cecum
any blood vessel, carrying the blood to different organs of body from the heart
arteria
a place in the body where two bones meet, enabling one of them to bend or move around
giuntura
the row of small bones that are joined together down the center of the back of the body
spina dorsale
(anatomy) a system of interconnected organs or tissues that perform a particular task in the body
tratto
relating to the heart or the network of blood vessels encircling it
coronaria
a small, butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the neck, responsible for producing hormones that regulate metabolism and other bodily functions
tiroide
the bone that forms the ankle joint with the tibia and fibula, supporting the body's weight and allowing movement of the foot
talo
a sac-like organ inside the body where urine is stored before being passed
vescica
relating to processes and behaviors involved in the creation of offspring within a species
riproduttivo
relating to the sense of touch or the ability to perceive objects by touch
tattile
(anatomy) connected with the sensory part of the eye that sends signals to the brain, called retina
retina
a very small threadlike structure in a living organism that carries the genes and genetic information
cromosoma
the genetic makeup of an organism, determined by the combination of genes inherited from its parents
genotipo
the observable physical and behavioral characteristics of an organism, resulting from the interaction of its genotype (genetic makeup) with the environment
fenotipo
one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome
allelo
(of a gene or trait) showing its specific appearance only when an individual inherits it from both parents
recessivo
(of genes) causing a person to inherit a particular physical feature, even if it is only present in one parent's genome
dominante
the process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize functional gene products, such as proteins, which can influence an organism's traits
espressione genica
to alter or change the genetic makeup of an organism through genetic engineering techniques
modificare
(biology) a change in the structure of the genes of an individual that causes them to develop different physical features
mutazione
to receive traits or attributes from a previous generation through genetic inheritance
ereditare
the passing down of traits from one generation to another within a family
lineaggio
(of an organism) having genetic material from another species that has been artificially introduced into its genome
transgenico
a specialist in or student of the branch of biology that deals with how individual features and different characteristics are passed through genes
genetista
a visual display of an individual's chromosomes, used for genetic analysis and identifying abnormalities
cariotipo
the practice of improving the genetic quality of a human population through selective breeding and other methods
eugenetica
a genetic condition in which an individual has three copies of a chromosome instead of the usual two
trisomia
the region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids are joined and where the spindle fibers attach during cell division
centromero
a DNA sequence that has the same order of nucleotides on each side of the complementary DNA strands
palindromo
the branch of genetics that studies the structure and function of chromosomes using microscopic and molecular techniques
citogenetica
any chromosome that is not involved in determining sex, present in pairs in both males and females, and carrying most of an individual's genetic information
autosoma
the process of introducing foreign DNA or RNA into eukaryotic cells to study gene function or manipulate gene expression
trasfezione
a cell or organism containing a single set of unpaired chromosomes, typically denoted as n, representing half the genetic material of a diploid cell
haploide
a family of transcription factors that play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to various stimuli
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