自然科学 SAT - 解剖学と遺伝学
ここでは、SAT で合格するために必要な「脾臓」、「動脈」、「一倍体」など、解剖学や遺伝学に関連する英単語を学びます。
レビュー
フラッシュカード
綴り
クイズ
a sack of tissue that is attached to the large intestine and is surgically removed if infected
付録
relating to the intestines, which are part of the digestive system responsible for absorbing nutrients and removing waste from the body
腸の
the front part of the brain involved in higher cognition and executive functions
前頭前皮質
(anatomy) a bone of the shoulder girdle that connects the breastbone to the shoulder bone
鎖骨
(anatomy) a spiral cavity in the inner ear that contains sensory organs which send nerve signals to the brain in response to vibrations
蝸牛
a place in the body where two bones meet, enabling one of them to bend or move around
ジョイント
the row of small bones that are joined together down the center of the back of the body
脊椎
(anatomy) a system of interconnected organs or tissues that perform a particular task in the body
一筆
a small, butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the neck, responsible for producing hormones that regulate metabolism and other bodily functions
甲状腺
the bone that forms the ankle joint with the tibia and fibula, supporting the body's weight and allowing movement of the foot
距骨
relating to processes and behaviors involved in the creation of offspring within a species
生殖
(anatomy) connected with the sensory part of the eye that sends signals to the brain, called retina
網膜
a very small threadlike structure in a living organism that carries the genes and genetic information
染色体
the genetic makeup of an organism, determined by the combination of genes inherited from its parents
遺伝子型
the observable physical and behavioral characteristics of an organism, resulting from the interaction of its genotype (genetic makeup) with the environment
表現型
one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome
対立遺伝子
(of a gene or trait) showing its specific appearance only when an individual inherits it from both parents
劣性
(of genes) causing a person to inherit a particular physical feature, even if it is only present in one parent's genome
支配的な
the process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize functional gene products, such as proteins, which can influence an organism's traits
表現
to alter or change the genetic makeup of an organism through genetic engineering techniques
モディファイ
(biology) a change in the structure of the genes of an individual that causes them to develop different physical features
突然変異
to receive traits or attributes from a precious generation through genetic inheritance
受け継ぐ
the passing down of traits from one generation to another within a family
ある世代の特徴が別の世代に受け継がれること
(of an organism) having genetic material from another species that has been artificially introduced into its genome
トランスジェニック
a specialist in or student of the branch of biology that deals with how individual features and different characteristics are passed through genes
遺伝学者
a visual display of an individual's chromosomes, used for genetic analysis and identifying abnormalities
核型
the practice of improving the genetic quality of a human population through selective breeding and other methods
優生学
a genetic condition in which an individual has three copies of a chromosome instead of the usual two
トリソミー
the region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids are joined and where the spindle fibers attach during cell division
セントロメア
a DNA sequence that has the same order of nucleotides on each side of the complementary DNA strands
回文
the branch of genetics that studies the structure and function of chromosomes using microscopic and molecular techniques
細胞遺伝学
any chromosome that is not involved in determining sex, present in pairs in both males and females, and carrying most of an individual's genetic information
常染色体
the process of introducing foreign DNA or RNA into eukaryotic cells to study gene function or manipulate gene expression
トランスフェクション
a cell or organism containing a single set of unpaired chromosomes, typically denoted as n, representing half the genetic material of a diploid cell
一倍体
a family of transcription factors that play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to various stimuli
初期の成長反応