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Nauki Przyrodnicze SAT - Anatomia i genetyka
Tutaj nauczysz się kilku angielskich słów związanych z anatomią i genetyką, takich jak „śledziona”, „tętnica”, „haploid” itp., które będą Ci potrzebne, aby zdać egzamin SAT.
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(anatomy) the muscular body partition that separates the chest and abdomen
przepona
a sack of tissue that is attached to the large intestine and is surgically removed if infected
wyrostek robaczkowy
relating to the intestines, which are part of the digestive system responsible for absorbing nutrients and removing waste from the body
jelitowy, wewnętrzny
the front part of the brain involved in higher cognition and executive functions
kora przedczołowa, kora czołowa
(anatomy) an abdominal organ that controls the quality of the blood cells
śledziona, organ śledziony
the hard white external layer that covers the crown of a tooth
szkliwo, łuska zębowa
(anatomy) a bone of the shoulder girdle that connects the breastbone to the shoulder bone
obojczyk
(anatomy) a spiral cavity in the inner ear that contains sensory organs which send nerve signals to the brain in response to vibrations
ślimak
the first part of the large intestine, located in the lower right abdomen
kątnica, cecum
the upper part of the human body, excluding the arms and the head
tors
any blood vessel, carrying the blood to different organs of body from the heart
tętnica
a place in the body where two bones meet, enabling one of them to bend or move around
staw, połączenie
the row of small bones that are joined together down the center of the back of the body
kręgosłup, kręg
(anatomy) a system of interconnected organs or tissues that perform a particular task in the body
trak, system trakcji
relating to the heart or the network of blood vessels encircling it
wieńcowy
a small, butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the neck, responsible for producing hormones that regulate metabolism and other bodily functions
tarczyca, gruczoł tarczycy
the bone that forms the ankle joint with the tibia and fibula, supporting the body's weight and allowing movement of the foot
skrętna kość
a sac-like organ inside the body where urine is stored before being passed
pęcherz moczowy, woreczek moczowy
relating to processes and behaviors involved in the creation of offspring within a species
rozrodczy, rozrodcza
relating to the sense of touch or the ability to perceive objects by touch
dotykowy, powiązany z poczuciem dotyku
(anatomy) connected with the sensory part of the eye that sends signals to the brain, called retina
siatkówkowy, retinalny
related to the ability of hearing
słuchowy, związany z słyszeniem
a very small threadlike structure in a living organism that carries the genes and genetic information
chromosom
the genetic makeup of an organism, determined by the combination of genes inherited from its parents
genotyp
the observable physical and behavioral characteristics of an organism, resulting from the interaction of its genotype (genetic makeup) with the environment
fenotyp
one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome
allel
(of a gene or trait) showing its specific appearance only when an individual inherits it from both parents
recesywny, recesywny charakter
(of genes) causing a person to inherit a particular physical feature, even if it is only present in one parent's genome
dominujący, przeważający
the process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize functional gene products, such as proteins, which can influence an organism's traits
ekspresja genów, wyrażanie genów
to alter or change the genetic makeup of an organism through genetic engineering techniques
modyfikować, zmieniać
(biology) a change in the structure of the genes of an individual that causes them to develop different physical features
mutacja, zmiana genetyczna
to receive traits or attributes from a previous generation through genetic inheritance
odziedziczyć, dziedziczyć
the passing down of traits from one generation to another within a family
linia, dziedzictwo
a person from whom other offsprings are descended
przodek, protoplasta
(of an organism) having genetic material from another species that has been artificially introduced into its genome
transgeniczny, genetycznie modyfikowany
a specialist in or student of the branch of biology that deals with how individual features and different characteristics are passed through genes
genetyk, specjalista w dziedzinie genetyki
a visual display of an individual's chromosomes, used for genetic analysis and identifying abnormalities
kariotyp
the practice of improving the genetic quality of a human population through selective breeding and other methods
eugenika
a genetic condition in which an individual has three copies of a chromosome instead of the usual two
trisomia, trisomia chromosomu 21
the region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids are joined and where the spindle fibers attach during cell division
centromer
a DNA sequence that has the same order of nucleotides on each side of the complementary DNA strands
palindrom
the branch of genetics that studies the structure and function of chromosomes using microscopic and molecular techniques
cytogenetyka
any chromosome that is not involved in determining sex, present in pairs in both males and females, and carrying most of an individual's genetic information
autosom, chromosom autosomalny
the process of introducing foreign DNA or RNA into eukaryotic cells to study gene function or manipulate gene expression
transfekcja
in a manner that is related to genetics or genes
genetycznie
a cell or organism containing a single set of unpaired chromosomes, typically denoted as n, representing half the genetic material of a diploid cell
haploidalny
a family of transcription factors that play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to various stimuli
wczesna reakcja wzrostu, wcześniejsza odpowiedź wzrostu
