pattern

Naturvetenskap SAT - Anatomi och Genetik

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord relaterade till anatomi och genetik, såsom "mjälte", "artär", "haploid", etc., som du behöver för att klara dina SATs.

Recension

Flashcards

Stavning

Quiz

Starta lärandet
SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
diaphragm
diaphragm
[Substantiv]

(anatomy) the muscular body partition that separates the chest and abdomen

mellan golvet, diafragma

mellan golvet, diafragma

Ex: Hiccups occur due to involuntary spasms of the diaphragm. 

Hicka uppstår på grund av ofrivilliga spasmer i membranen.

Stäng
Logga in
appendix
appendix
[Substantiv]

a small, narrow tube attached to the beginning of the large intestine

blindtarm,  appendix

blindtarm, appendix

Ex: The appendix is located in the lower right part of the abdomen. 
Stäng
Logga in
intestinal
intestinal
[adjektiv]

relating to the intestines, which are part of the digestive system responsible for absorbing nutrients and removing waste from the body

tarm-, intestinal

tarm-, intestinal

Ex: Intestinal inflammation, such as in Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, can cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, and other gastrointestinal symptoms. 

Tarminflammation, som vid Crohns sjukdom eller ulcerös kolit, kan orsaka buksmärtor, diarré och andra mag-tarmsymptom.

Stäng
Logga in
prefrontal cortex
prefrontal cortex
[Substantiv]

the front part of the brain involved in higher cognition and executive functions

prefrontala cortex, prefrontala loben

prefrontala cortex, prefrontala loben

Stäng
Logga in
spleen
spleen
[Substantiv]

(anatomy) an abdominal organ that controls the quality of the blood cells

mjälte, mjälten

mjälte, mjälten

Ex: Enlargement of the spleen, known as splenomegaly, can occur due to various conditions, including infections, liver disease, or blood disorders. 

Förstoring av mjälten, känd som splenomegali, kan uppstå på grund av olika tillstånd, inklusive infektioner, leversjukdomar eller blodsjukdomar.

Stäng
Logga in
enamel
enamel
[Substantiv]

the hard white external layer that covers the crown of a tooth

emalj, tandemalj

emalj, tandemalj

Ex: Enamel is the hardest substance in the human body, even stronger than bone. 

Emalj är den hårdaste substansen i människokroppen, till och med starkare än ben.

Stäng
Logga in
clavicle
clavicle
[Substantiv]

the long, curved bone that connects the shoulder blade to the sternum

nyckelben, klavikel

nyckelben, klavikel

Ex: The surgeon set the displaced clavicle with a plate. 

Kirurgen fixerade den förskjutna nyckelbenet med en platta.

Stäng
Logga in
cochlea
cochlea
[Substantiv]

(anatomy) a spiral cavity in the inner ear that contains sensory organs which send nerve signals to the brain in response to vibrations

snäcka, cochlea

snäcka, cochlea

Stäng
Logga in
cecum
cecum
[Substantiv]

the first part of the large intestine, located in the lower right abdomen

blindtarm

blindtarm

Stäng
Logga in
torso
torso
[Substantiv]

the upper part of the human body, excluding the arms and the head

torso, överkropp

torso, överkropp

Ex: He flexed his abdominal muscles, revealing a defined torso sculpted from years of dedicated training. 

Han spände sina bukmuskler och avslöjade en definierad överkropp som formats av år av hängiven träning.

Stäng
Logga in
artery
artery
[Substantiv]

any blood vessel, carrying the blood to different organs of body from the heart

artär, blodkärl

artär, blodkärl

Ex: Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to various parts of the body. 

Artärer är blodkärl som transporterar syrerikt blod från hjärtat till olika delar av kroppen.

Stäng
Logga in
joint
joint
[Substantiv]

a place in the body where two bones meet, enabling one of them to bend or move around

led, fog

led, fog

Ex: The knee is a complex joint that allows the leg to bend. 
Stäng
Logga in
spine
spine
[Substantiv]

the column of connected bones running down the back that supports the body and protects the spinal cord

ryggrad

ryggrad

Ex: An MRI revealed damage near the base of Michael's spine. 
Stäng
Logga in
tract
tract
[Substantiv]

(anatomy) a system of interconnected organs or tissues that perform a particular task in the body

trakt, system

trakt, system

Stäng
Logga in
coronary
coronary
[adjektiv]

relating to the heart or the network of blood vessels encircling it

kranskärl, hjärt-

kranskärl, hjärt-

Ex: A coronary angiogram is a diagnostic procedure used to visualize the coronary arteries and identify blockages or narrowing. 

En kranskärlsangiogram är en diagnostisk procedur som används för att visualisera kranskärlen och identifiera blockeringar eller förträngningar.

Stäng
Logga in
thyroid
thyroid
[Substantiv]

a small, butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the neck, responsible for producing hormones that regulate metabolism and other bodily functions

sköldkörtel

sköldkörtel

Ex: She underwent surgery to remove her thyroid due to a benign tumor. 

Hon genomgick en operation för att ta bort sin sköldkörtel på grund av en godartad tumör.

Stäng
Logga in
talus
talus
[Substantiv]

the bone that forms the ankle joint with the tibia and fibula, supporting the body's weight and allowing movement of the foot

talusben, talus

talusben, talus

Ex: X-rays revealed a small crack in the talus after the patient twisted their ankle. 

Röntgen avslöjade en liten spricka i talus efter att patienten vrickade fotleden.

Stäng
Logga in
bladder
bladder
[Substantiv]

a sac-like organ inside the body where urine is stored before being passed

blåsa, urinblåsa

blåsa, urinblåsa

Ex: He drank a lot of water, ensuring his bladder stayed healthy and functioning well. 
Stäng
Logga in
reproductive
reproductive
[adjektiv]

relating to processes and behaviors involved in the creation of offspring within a species

reproduktiv

reproduktiv

Ex: Reproductive technology assists couples in conceiving children through methods like in vitro fertilization. 

Reproduktiv teknik hjälper par att bli gravida genom metoder som in vitro-fertilisering.

Stäng
Logga in
sensory
sensory
[adjektiv]

relating to any of the five senses

sensorisk,  sinnlig

sensorisk, sinnlig

Ex: Sensory information from the eyes and ears helps us navigate and interact with our environment. 

Sensorisk information från ögonen och öronen hjälper oss att navigera och interagera med vår omgivning.

Stäng
Logga in
tactile
tactile
[adjektiv]

relating to the sense of touch or the ability to perceive objects by touch

taktil, relaterad till beröring

taktil, relaterad till beröring

Ex: The tactile examination revealed irregularities in the texture of the fabric, indicating potential flaws in the manufacturing process. 

Den taktila undersökningen avslöjade oregelbundenheter i tygets textur, vilket indikerar potentiella brister i tillverkningsprocessen.

Stäng
Logga in
retinal
retinal
[adjektiv]

(anatomy) connected with the sensory part of the eye that sends signals to the brain, called retina

retinal,  som avser näthinnan

retinal, som avser näthinnan

Stäng
Logga in
auditory
auditory
[adjektiv]

related to the ability of hearing

auditiv, hörselrelaterad

auditiv, hörselrelaterad

Ex: Auditory processing disorder affects the brain's ability to make sense of sound information. 

Auditiv bearbetningsstörning påverkar hjärnans förmåga att förstå ljudinformation.

Stäng
Logga in
optical
optical
[adjektiv]

relating to sight or vision

optisk, visuell

optisk, visuell

Ex: The artist's paintings often explore optical effects and how light interacts with surfaces. 

Konstnärens målningar utforskar ofta optiska effekter och hur ljus interagerar med ytor.

Stäng
Logga in
chromosome
chromosome
[Substantiv]

(genetics) a thread-like structure of DNA that carries genes inside the cell nucleus

kromosom

kromosom

Ex: An extra chromosome 21 causes Down syndrome. 
Stäng
Logga in
genome
genome
[Substantiv]

the complete set of genetic material of any living thing

genom

genom

Ex: The genome of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, has been extensively studied as a model for understanding genetic principles. 

Genomet av bananflugan, Drosophila melanogaster, har studerats i stor utsträckning som en modell för att förstå genetiska principer.

Stäng
Logga in
genotype
genotype
[Substantiv]

the genetic makeup of an organism, determined by the combination of genes inherited from its parents

genotyp

genotyp

Ex: The study of genetics involves examining the genotype to understand how genes contribute to the development and functioning of organisms. 

Studiet av genetik innebär att undersöka genotypen för att förstå hur gener bidrar till utvecklingen och funktionen hos organismer.

Stäng
Logga in
phenotype
phenotype
[Substantiv]

the observable physical and behavioral characteristics of an organism, resulting from the interaction of its genotype (genetic makeup) with the environment

fenotyp, observerbara egenskaper

fenotyp, observerbara egenskaper

Ex: The coat color, size, and behavior of animals represent their phenotypes. 

Djurens pälsfärg, storlek och beteende representerar deras fenotyper.

Stäng
Logga in
allele
allele
[Substantiv]

one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome

allel, genetisk variant

allel, genetisk variant

Ex: Geneticists study the distribution of alleles within populations to understand inheritance patterns. 

Genetiker studerar fördelningen av alleler inom populationer för att förstå ärftlighetsmönster.

Stäng
Logga in
recessive
recessive
[adjektiv]

(of a gene or trait) showing its specific appearance only when an individual inherits it from both parents

recessiv, bakåtliggande

recessiv, bakåtliggande

Ex: The disease is recessive, so children need two affected genes to show symptoms. 
Stäng
Logga in
dominant
dominant
[adjektiv]

(of genes) causing a person to inherit a particular physical feature, even if it is only present in one parent's genome

dominant, övervägande

dominant, övervägande

Ex: A dominant gene can determine a trait even when only one copy is present. 
Stäng
Logga in
expression
expression
[Substantiv]

the process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize functional gene products, such as proteins, which can influence an organism's traits

genuttryck, genexpression

genuttryck, genexpression

Ex: Gene expression is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. 
Stäng
Logga in
to modify
to modify
[Verb]

to make partial changes to something, usually to improve it or make it more suitable

ändra

ändra

Ex: Daniel modified his bicycle so he could carry heavier bags. 
Stäng
Logga in
mutation
mutation
[Substantiv]

(biology) a change in the structure of the genes of an individual that causes them to develop different physical features

mutation, genetisk förändring

mutation, genetisk förändring

Ex: Due to a mutation in his genes, the child was born with blue eyes, even though both parents had brown eyes. 

På grund av en mutation i hans gener föddes barnet med blå ögon, trots att båda föräldrarna hade bruna ögon.

Stäng
Logga in
to inherit

to receive a physical or mental characteristic genetically from a parent or ancestor

ärva,  nedärva

ärva, nedärva

Ex: She seems to have inherited her grandfather's height. 
Stäng
Logga in
lineage
lineage
[Substantiv]

the passing down of traits from one generation to another within a family

avkomma, släkt

avkomma, släkt

Ex: The scientist studied the genetic lineage of the endangered species to understand its evolutionary history. 

Forskaren studerade den genetiska släktlinjen hos den utrotningshotade arten för att förstå dess evolutionära historia.

Stäng
Logga in
progenitor
progenitor
[Substantiv]

a person from whom other offsprings are descended

förfader, föregångare

förfader, föregångare

Ex: The artist's unique style became the progenitor of a new artistic movement that swept through the art world. 

Konstnärens unika stil blev progenitorn för en ny konstnärlig rörelse som svepte genom konstvärlden.

Stäng
Logga in
transgenic
transgenic
[adjektiv]

(biology) containing genes from a different species that have been inserted artificially

transgen

transgen

Ex: The lab created transgenic plants that are resistant to drought. 
Stäng
Logga in
geneticist
geneticist
[Substantiv]

a specialist in or student of the branch of biology that deals with how individual features and different characteristics are passed through genes

genetiker,  specialist i genetik

genetiker, specialist i genetik

Ex: During his career as a geneticist, he made groundbreaking discoveries that revolutionized the way we think about DNA. 

Under sin karriär som genetiker gjorde han banbrytande upptäckter som revolutionerade hur vi tänker på DNA.

Stäng
Logga in
karyotype
karyotype
[Substantiv]

a visual display of an individual's chromosomes, used for genetic analysis and identifying abnormalities

karyotyp, kromosomprofil

karyotyp, kromosomprofil

Ex: Research often involves analyzing karyotypes to understand genetic variations. 

Forskning innebär ofta analys av karyotyper för att förstå genetiska variationer.

Stäng
Logga in
eugenics
eugenics
[Substantiv]

the practice of improving the genetic quality of a human population through selective breeding and other methods

eugenik

eugenik

Ex: Many scientists now view eugenics as a pseudoscience with harmful implications. 

Många forskare ser nu eugenik som en pseudovetenskap med skadliga konsekvenser.

Stäng
Logga in
trisomy
trisomy
[Substantiv]

a genetic condition in which an individual has three copies of a chromosome instead of the usual two

trisomi, kromosomavvikelse

trisomi, kromosomavvikelse

Ex: Genetic counseling is recommended for families affected by trisomy. 

Genetisk rådgivning rekommenderas för familjer som drabbats av trisomi.

Stäng
Logga in
centromere
centromere
[Substantiv]

the region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids are joined and where the spindle fibers attach during cell division

centromer, kinetokor

centromer, kinetokor

Ex: Errors in centromere function can lead to conditions such as aneuploidy. 

Fel i centromerens funktion kan leda till tillstånd som aneuploidi.

Stäng
Logga in
palindrome
palindrome
[Substantiv]

a DNA sequence that has the same order of nucleotides on each side of the complementary DNA strands

palindrom, palindromisk sekvens

palindrom, palindromisk sekvens

Stäng
Logga in
cytogenetics
cytogenetics
[Substantiv]

the branch of genetics that studies the structure and function of chromosomes using microscopic and molecular techniques

cytogenetik, cytogenetiken

cytogenetik, cytogenetiken

Ex: Researchers in cytogenetics use fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) to identify specific DNA sequences. 

Forskare inom cytogenetik använder fluorescerande in situ-hybridisering (FISH) för att identifiera specifika DNA-sekvenser.

Stäng
Logga in
autosome
autosome
[Substantiv]

any chromosome that is not involved in determining sex, present in pairs in both males and females, and carrying most of an individual's genetic information

autosom, icke-könskromosom

autosom, icke-könskromosom

Ex: The study focused on identifying genes located on autosomes that contribute to height. 

Studien fokuserade på att identifiera gener belägna på autosomer som bidrar till längd.

Stäng
Logga in
transfection
transfection
[Substantiv]

the process of introducing foreign DNA or RNA into eukaryotic cells to study gene function or manipulate gene expression

transfektion, introduktion av främmande DNA eller RNA

transfektion, introduktion av främmande DNA eller RNA

Stäng
Logga in
genetically
genetically
[adverb]

in a manner that is related to genetics or genes

genetiskt, på ett genetiskt sätt

genetiskt, på ett genetiskt sätt

Ex: The characteristic was determined genetically, influenced by the individual's genetic makeup. 

Egenskapen bestämdes genetiskt, påverkad av individens genetiska sammansättning.

Stäng
Logga in
haploid
haploid
[Substantiv]

a cell or organism containing a single set of unpaired chromosomes, typically denoted as n, representing half the genetic material of a diploid cell

haploid, haploid cell

haploid, haploid cell

Ex: The haploid stage occurs in the life cycle of many plants and algae before fertilization. 

Den haploida fasen förekommer i livscykeln hos många växter och alger före befruktning.

Stäng
Logga in
early growth response

a family of transcription factors that play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to various stimuli

tidig tillväxtrespons, tidig tillväxtresponsfaktor

tidig tillväxtrespons, tidig tillväxtresponsfaktor

Stäng
Logga in
LanGeek
Ladda ner LanGeek app