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IELTS Generalの語彙 (スコア6-7) - 汚染

ここでは、General Training IELTS試験に必要な汚染に関連するいくつかの英語の単語を学びます。

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Vocabulary for General Training IELTS (6-7)
smog
smog
[名詞]

a combination of smoke and fog that is considered a form of air pollution

スモッグ, 汚染霧

スモッグ, 汚染霧

Ex: The city's smog was so thick that it reduced visibility, making it difficult for drivers to see the road ahead. 

都市のスモッグはとても濃く、視界を減らし、運転手が前の道を見るのを難しくしました。

emission
emission
[名詞]

the release of gas, heat, light, radiation, or other substances from a source

排出,  放出

排出, 放出

Ex: Scientists measured the emission of methane from the damaged pipeline. 
contaminant
contaminant
[名詞]

a substance or agent that makes something impure or harmful by contact or mixture

汚染物質, 不純物

汚染物質, 不純物

Ex: The factory's wastewater discharge contained contaminants that posed a threat to the nearby river ecosystem. 

工場の廃水排出には、近くの川の生態系に脅威をもたらす汚染物質が含まれていました。

toxin
toxin
[名詞]

a poisonous substance, especially one produced by living organisms, that can cause harm or illness when introduced into a living organism

毒素

毒素

Ex: The snake's venom contained potent toxins that could be lethal to its prey. 

蛇の毒には、獲物にとって致命的となりうる強力な毒素が含まれていました。

filth
filth
[名詞]

any substance that is dirty, disgusting, or unpleasant

汚れ, 不潔

汚れ, 不潔

Ex: The detective carefully sifted through the filth of the crime scene, searching for clues amidst the chaos and disorder. 

探偵は犯罪現場の汚物を注意深くふるいにかけ、混乱と無秩序の中に手がかりを探した。

greenhouse gas

any type of gas, particularly carbon dioxide, that contributes to global warming by trapping heat

温室効果ガス, 地球温暖化に寄与するガス

温室効果ガス, 地球温暖化に寄与するガス

Ex: Carbon dioxide is a major greenhouse gas responsible for global warming. 

二酸化炭素は、地球温暖化の原因となる主要な温室効果ガスです。

methane
methane
[名詞]

a colorless, odorless, flammable which is the main component of natural gasgas

メタン, CH4

メタン, CH4

Ex: Livestock, particularly cows, produce methane during digestion, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions. 

家畜、特に牛は、消化過程でメタンを生成し、温室効果ガスの排出に寄与しています。

litter
litter
[名詞]

waste such as bottles, papers, etc. that people throw on a sidewalk, park, or other public place

ごみ, 廃棄物

ごみ, 廃棄物

Ex: Please don’t throw litter on the sidewalk—use the bin. 

歩道にごみを捨てないでください—ごみ箱を使ってください。

dump
dump
[名詞]

a place where garbage or other waste is taken and left

ゴミ捨て場,  ごみ処理場

ゴミ捨て場, ごみ処理場

Ex: The old refrigerator was taken to the local dump. 
oil spill
oil spill
[名詞]

the accidental or deliberate release of liquid petroleum or its products into the environment, especially into bodies of water, causing ecological damage

石油流出, 油漏れ

石油流出, 油漏れ

Ex: The oil spill coated the shoreline, harming local wildlife. 

石油流出が海岸線を覆い、地元の野生生物に害を与えた。

sulfur dioxide

a colorless gas emitted from burning sulfur-containing fuels, industrial activities, and volcanic eruptions

二酸化硫黄, 亜硫酸無水物

二酸化硫黄, 亜硫酸無水物

Ex: Volcanic eruptions release sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere, affecting air composition and climate. 

火山噴火は大気中に二酸化硫黄を放出し、空気の組成と気候に影響を与えます。

acid rain
acid rain
[名詞]

rain containing a great deal of acidic chemicals, caused by air pollution, which can harm the environment

酸性雨, 酸の雨

酸性雨, 酸の雨

Ex: The once-clear mountain stream turned murky after years of acid rain falling on its watershed. 

かつて澄んでいた山の小川は、その流域に何年も酸性雨が降り注いだ後、濁ってしまった。

contamination

the act or process of making a substance or place dirty or polluted, especially by dangerous substances

汚染, 汚れ

汚染, 汚れ

Ex: Water contamination poses serious health risks. 

水の汚染は深刻な健康リスクをもたらします。

chemical
chemical
[名詞]

(chemistry) a substance used in or produced by a reaction that changes atoms or molecules

化学物質

化学物質

Ex: She mixed two chemicals together and watched them bubble and change color. 
dioxin
dioxin
[名詞]

a harmful chemical compound containing chlorine, often produced as an industrial byproduct with adverse environmental and health effects

ダイオキシン, 塩素を含む有害な化学化合物

ダイオキシン, 塩素を含む有害な化学化合物

Ex: The accidental release of dioxin from a factory raised concerns about its impact on local water sources and wildlife. 

工場からのダイオキシンの偶発的な放出は、地元の水源や野生生物への影響について懸念を引き起こしました。

landfill
landfill
[名詞]

a piece of land under which waste material is buried

埋立地, ゴミ処理場

埋立地, ゴミ処理場

Ex: The city opened a new landfill to accommodate its growing waste management needs. 

市は、増加する廃棄物管理のニーズに対応するために新しい埋立地を開設しました。

fume
fume
[名詞]

smoke or gas that has a sharp smell or is harmful if inhaled

煙, 蒸気

煙, 蒸気

Ex: The factory released toxic fumes that posed a health risk to nearby residents. 

工場は近隣住民の健康リスクとなる有毒な煙を放出した。

bottle bank
bottle bank
[名詞]

a collection point or recycling container specifically designed for the deposit and recycling of glass bottles

ボトルバンク, ガラス瓶のリサイクル用容器

ボトルバンク, ガラス瓶のリサイクル用容器

Ex: After the picnic, they made a conscious effort to deposit their empty glass bottles in the nearby bottle bank for recycling. 

ピクニックの後、彼らは空のガラス瓶を近くのボトルバンクにリサイクルのために入れるよう意識的な努力をしました。

exhaust
exhaust
[名詞]

waste gas or air released from an engine, machine, or similar device

排気,  排気ガス

排気, 排気ガス

Ex: Car exhaust contributes to air pollution. 
debris
debris
[名詞]

the scattered pieces of waste, remains, or broken objects, often left after destruction or an accident

がれき, 残骸

がれき, 残骸

Ex: The hurricane left debris scattered across the streets. 

ハリケーンは通りにがれきを散らばらせた。

pesticide
pesticide
[名詞]

a type of chemical substance that is used for killing insects or small animals that damage food or crops

農薬, 殺虫剤

農薬, 殺虫剤

Ex: The farmer applied pesticide to protect his crops from harmful insects. 

農家は有害な昆虫から作物を守るために農薬を散布した。

herbicide
herbicide
[名詞]

a chemical substance that kills plants, used for destroying plants that are not wanted

除草剤

除草剤

Ex: Farmers use herbicides to control weeds and improve crop yields. 
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