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医療科学 - 操作と手順

ここでは、"血管形成術"、"バイパス"、"移植"などの手術や手順に関連するいくつかの英語の単語を学びます。

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Words Related to Medical Science
amputation
[名詞]

surgical removal of a limb or a part of it

切断

切断

bypass
[名詞]

a surgical procedure in which a surgeon creates a new pathway for the transport of substances in the body

バイパス

バイパス

circumcision
[名詞]

the surgical removal of the protecting loose skin of a male's penis

割礼, 包皮切除

割礼, 包皮切除

angioplasty
[名詞]

a medical procedure that involves widening narrowed or blocked blood vessels, typically performed on arteries, to improve blood flow

血管形成術, 血管プラスティック

血管形成術, 血管プラスティック

Ex: When Uncle Daniel couldn't breathe well, the doctor suggested angioplasty to clear his chest arteries.
appendectomy
[名詞]

a surgical procedure in which the appendix gets removed

虫垂切除術, 虫垂の切除

虫垂切除術, 虫垂の切除

Ex: In emergency cases , an appendectomy is often the recommended course of action for severe abdominal pain .
colostomy
[名詞]

a surgical procedure where an opening is made in the abdomen to redirect part of the colon for waste elimination

コロストミー

コロストミー

Ex: Learning about colostomy care helped Sarah support her friend during recovery .

a surgical procedure to remove tissue from the inner lining of the uterus

拡張と掻爬, 子宮掻爬

拡張と掻爬, 子宮掻爬

Ex: The procedure , dilation and curettage, is typically done under anesthesia in a hospital setting .その手順、**拡張と掻爬**は、通常、病院で麻酔下で行われます。

a medical procedure to align a person's physical characteristics with their gender identity, often used by transgender individuals

性別適合手術, 性別肯定手術

性別適合手術, 性別肯定手術

a procedure that creates new pathways for blood flow around blocked or narrowed coronary arteries to improve heart muscle blood supply

冠状動脈バイパス手術, 冠動脈バイパス術

冠状動脈バイパス手術, 冠動脈バイパス術

hysterectomy
[名詞]

a surgical procedure in which a woman's uterus is removed, often performed for medical reasons such as to treat certain health conditions

子宮摘出術, 子宮の切除

子宮摘出術, 子宮の切除

Ex: Cindy had a hysterectomy to address a medical issue affecting her uterus .
laparoscopy
[名詞]

a minimally invasive surgical procedure that uses a small camera to view and treat conditions inside the abdomen or pelvis

腹腔鏡検査

腹腔鏡検査

Ex: The benefits of laparoscopy include less pain and a shorter hospital stay .
laparotomy
[名詞]

a surgical procedure that involves making a larger cut in the abdomen to access and treat internal organs or address certain medical conditions

開腹手術, 腹部外科手術

開腹手術, 腹部外科手術

Ex: The surgeon discussed the risks and benefits of laparotomy before the procedure .

a type of weight-loss surgery that that aims to help manage obesity by shrinking the size of someone's stomach so that they will eat less food

胃バイパス手術, 胃バイパス

胃バイパス手術, 胃バイパス

graft
[名詞]

a surgical procedure by which a doctor replaces a missing or damaged tissue or bone with a healthy substitute

移植, グラフト

移植, グラフト

lobotomy
[名詞]

a surgical operation that is performed in order to treat severe mental disorders by cutting into part of a person's brain

ロボトミー, 脳葉切除術

ロボトミー, 脳葉切除術

lumpectomy
[名詞]

a surgical procedure in which a small, localized mass or tumor, typically in the breast, is removed while preserving the surrounding tissue

腫瘍摘出術, 限局性腫瘍の切除

腫瘍摘出術, 限局性腫瘍の切除

Ex: The surgeon explained the benefits and potential risks of lumpectomy before the procedure .
microsurgery
[名詞]

a precise surgical technique that uses a microscope for intricate procedures on small structures

マイクロサージャリー, 顕微鏡手術

マイクロサージャリー, 顕微鏡手術

Ex: During microsurgery, the doctor repaired a small tear in the patient 's artery .

any type of surgery that requires making a large incision in the chest wall to make the heart easier for the surgeon to reach

開心術, オープンハート手術

開心術, オープンハート手術

implant
[名詞]

a device or material inserted into the body, often for medical or technological purposes, such as a computer chip

インプラント, 埋め込み可能なデバイス

インプラント, 埋め込み可能なデバイス

Ex: Computer chip implants are becoming more common in healthcare .コンピュータチップの**インプラント**は、医療でより一般的になりつつあります。
incision
[名詞]

a surgical cut made in flesh or skin

切開, 外科的切開

切開, 外科的切開

vaginoplasty
[名詞]

a surgical procedure to reconstruct or create a vagina, commonly used for gender affirmation or medical purposes

膣形成術, 膣再建手術

膣形成術, 膣再建手術

lithotomy
[名詞]

a surgical procedure to remove stones from the urinary tract

結石切除術

結石切除術

Ex: The lithotomy position aids in performing minimally invasive procedures in the pelvic area.
laminectomy
[名詞]

a surgical procedure that involves removing part of the vertebral bone, called the lamina, to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerves

椎弓切除術, 脊椎の一部を切除する手術

椎弓切除術, 脊椎の一部を切除する手術

Ex: After laminectomy, Emily 's physical therapy focused on strengthening her back .

a surgical procedure that removes part of a vertebral lamina to relieve spinal nerve pressure or treat spinal conditions

半椎弓切除術

半椎弓切除術

neurosurgery
[名詞]

a surgical operation performed on the nervous system, particularly the brain and spinal cord

神経外科, 神経系の外科手術

神経外科, 神経系の外科手術

a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the tonsils, often performed to alleviate recurrent throat infections or breathing difficulties

扁桃腺切除術, 扁桃腺の除去手術

扁桃腺切除術, 扁桃腺の除去手術

Ex: Mary 's tonsillectomy reduced the number of times she got sick .
tracheotomy
[名詞]

a surgical procedure that involves creating an opening in the neck to provide a direct airway, often done to assist with breathing in cases of airway obstruction or respiratory problems

気管切開

気管切開

Ex: Emily 's doctor recommended a tracheotomy for her prolonged respiratory issues .エミリーの医師は、彼女の長引く呼吸器の問題に対して**気管切開術**を勧めました。
vasectomy
[名詞]

a surgical operation for male sterilization or permanent contraception

精管切除術

精管切除術

a medical procedure involving the transplantation of organs from animals, usually pigs, to humans to address organ shortages

異種移植, 動物からの臓器移植

異種移植, 動物からの臓器移植

Ex: Mike's xenotransplant surgery required close monitoring for any complications.

a surgical procedure to replace defective or damaged organs by transplanting or implanting artificial ones

スペアパーツ手術, プロテーゼ手術

スペアパーツ手術, プロテーゼ手術

a minimally invasive procedure that uses an endoscope to treat sinus-related conditions by removing obstructions or enlarging sinus passages

内視鏡下副鼻腔手術

内視鏡下副鼻腔手術

a medical procedure involving the movement of organs, tissues, or cells from one person to another to replace or repair damaged or failing body parts

移植

移植

Ex: The surgeon performed a corneal transplantation to restore vision in Jane 's eye .

a medical treatment that involves surgical procedures for conditions related to the jaw, face, and mouth

顎顔面外科

顎顔面外科

ablation
[名詞]

a procedure to remove or destroy tissue, often used for treating tumors or cardiac rhythm issues

アブレーション

アブレーション

Ex: Mark 's doctor recommended ablation to address his lung tumor .
mastectomy
[名詞]

a surgical procedure involving the removal of the breast tissue, often performed as a treatment for breast cancer or as a preventive measure

乳房切除術

乳房切除術

Ex: Mark 's doctor recommended a mastectomy to prevent future health risks .
radiosurgery
[名詞]

a non-invasive procedure that uses high-energy radiation to precisely treat tumors or lesions without surgery

放射線手術

放射線手術

lithotripsy
[名詞]

a medical procedure that uses shock waves or lasers to break down kidney or urinary tract stones without surgery

砕石術, 結石破砕

砕石術, 結石破砕

a specialized surgical technique that uses three-dimensional coordinates or imaging guidance to precisely target and treat specific areas of the body

定位脳手術, ステレオタクティック手術

定位脳手術, ステレオタクティック手術

a strong blow to the chest over the heart used to restore normal heart rhythm during cardiac arrest or arrhythmias

心前区打撃, 心臓の上への強い打撃

心前区打撃, 心臓の上への強い打撃

a procedure that clears blockages in the Eustachian tube by using positive pressure to equalize ear pressure

ポリッツェライゼーション, ポリッツァー法

ポリッツェライゼーション, ポリッツァー法

blood filtering for managing kidney dysfunction or acute renal failure

血液濾過, ヘモフィルトレーション

血液濾過, ヘモフィルトレーション

a medical procedure that provides temporary mechanical support to the heart and lungs by circulating and oxygenating blood outside of the body

体外式膜型人工肺

体外式膜型人工肺

a medical procedure that involves placing a tube into the trachea, or windpipe, to establish an open airway for breathing, often used in cases of respiratory distress or during anesthesia for surgery

気管挿管, 気管内挿管

気管挿管, 気管内挿管

a medical procedure that involves delivering fluids, medications, or nutrients directly into a person's bloodstream through a vein using a needle or catheter

静脈内療法, 点滴療法

静脈内療法, 点滴療法

a medical procedure or method that makes a person or animal incapable of reproduction

不妊手術

不妊手術

Ex: The veterinarian discussed the benefits and aftercare of sterilization for the pet owners .獣医はペットの所有者のために**不妊手術**の利点と術後ケアについて話し合いました。
tracheostomy
[名詞]

a surgical procedure to create a breathing passage in the neck

気管切開, 気管造設

気管切開, 気管造設

Ex: Tracheostomies allow for easier secretion suctioning .**気管切開**により、分泌液の吸引が容易になります。

a procedure to replace damaged or diseased bone marrow with healthy stem cells

骨髄移植, 骨髄の移植

骨髄移植, 骨髄の移植

Ex: Bone marrow transplantation has significantly improved the survival rates of patients with certain types of blood cancers and genetic disorders .**骨髄移植**は、特定の種類の血液がんと遺伝性疾患の患者の生存率を大幅に向上させました。

a surgical procedure to implant electrodes in the brain to treat movement disorders like Parkinson's disease

深部脳刺激, 深部脳刺激療法

深部脳刺激, 深部脳刺激療法

Ex: During the deep brain stimulation procedure , the patient remained awake so the medical team could accurately target the regions of the brain causing the symptoms .**脳深部刺激**手術中、患者は起きたままで、医療チームが症状を引き起こしている脳の領域を正確にターゲットにできるようにしました。
医療科学
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