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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL - Physics and Chemistry
Here you will learn some English words about physics and chemistry, such as "vacuum", "alkali", "ion", etc. that are needed for the TOEFL exam.
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composition
[noun]
the different elements that form something or the arrangement of these elements
to distill
[verb]
to heat a liquid and turn it into gas then cool it and make it liquid again in order to purify it
dark matter
[noun]
(physics) material existing in space that reflects no light, based on some theories
antimatter
[noun]
(physics) matter consisting of elementary particles that are the antiparticles of those of regular matter
catalyst
[noun]
(chemistry) a substance that causes a chemical reaction to happen at a faster rate without undergoing any chemical change itself
alkali
[noun]
any substance with a pH of more than seven that neutralizes acids creating salt and water
ammonia
[noun]
a gas with a strong smell that dissolves in water to give a strongly alkaline solution
charcoal
[noun]
a hard black substance consisting of an amorphous form of carbon which is made by slowly burning wood and is used as fuel or for drawing
crystal
[noun]
a substance of small size and equal sides, formed naturally when turns to solid
ion
[noun]
a particle with a net electric charge due to loss or gain of one or more electrons
electromagnetic
[adjective]
referring to the combined interaction of electric and magnetic fields, often associated with waves or radiation
nuclear fission
[noun]
the process or action of splitting a nucleus into two or more parts resulting in the release of a significant amount of energy
nuclear fusion
[noun]
(physics) the reaction in which two nuclei join together and produce energy
aluminum
[noun]
a light silver-gray metal used primarily for making cooking equipment and aircraft parts
alloy
[noun]
a combination of two or more metals, creating a metal that is usually stronger or more resistant
copper
[noun]
a metallic chemical element that has a red-brown color, primarily used as a conductor in wiring
magnetic
[adjective]
(physics) possessing the attribute of attracting metal objects such as iron or steel
corrosion
[noun]
the gradual destruction of materials by chemical reaction, usually of metals
mass
[noun]
(physics) the property of matter that gives it weight in a gravitational field and is a measure of its inertia
density
[noun]
(physics) the degree to which a substance is compacted, measured by dividing its mass by its volume
lead
[noun]
a heavy soft metal, used in making bullets, in plumbing and roofing, especially in the past
graphite
[noun]
a soft, black, and highly conductive material made up of carbon atoms that is commonly used in pencils and as a lubricant
mercury
[noun]
a heavy silver-colored and poisonous metal that has a liquid state in the ordinary temperature
plasma
[noun]
a gas with nearly no electrical charge that exists in the sun and other stars
radioactive
[adjective]
containing or relating to a dangerous form of energy produced by nuclear reactions
thermal
[adjective]
related to heat or temperature, including how heat moves, how materials expand with temperature changes, and the energy stored in heat
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